scholarly journals Cationic drugs and COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 205873842096607
Author(s):  
Oreste Vittore Brenna ◽  
Sara Torretta ◽  
Lorenzo Pignataro ◽  
Federica Di Berardino
Keyword(s):  
Host Cell ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Cationic Drugs ◽  
The World

Given the sharp spreading of COVID-19 pandemic all around the world, our attention was brought to consider that that many cationic drugs (i.e. those characterized by the presence, at physiological pH value, of one or more cationic groups, both primary, secondary, tertiary and guanidinic aminic groups) could have any effect in impairing SARS-CoV2 entry in the host cell. This could open to new therapeutic chances against COVID-19.

scholarly journals Virus and virus-like diseases of grapevine in Hungary

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lázár ◽  
Gy. D. Bisztray
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
The World

Viruses and viroids are submicroscopic infectious particles which can cause disease symptoms on grapevine. These parasites are depending completely on the energy metabolism of the plant cell. To enter the host cell plant viruses depend on injuries or on transmission via invertebrates (insects, nematodes, etc.). Viruses are classified by many characters including particle morphology, host range and information content of the genome. At present about 70 viruses including 7 viroids infecting grapevine are known. In single or mixed infections they are potentially detrimental to the quality and quantity of grape production in any growing area of the world. Some viruses can cause severe economic damage in vineyards. In Hungary many important viruses and viroids have been detected in grape. This review summarises characteristics of viruses and the results of detection and characterization of virus and virus like diseases of grapevine in Hungary. The identification of the causal agent, its transmission, geographical distribution and the development of the diagnostic methods are also discussed.

Ayurvedic system a new possible safe and effective way to get rid of this critical nCOVID-19 pandemic situation- A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumel Ashique ◽  
Navjot K Sandhu
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Western Medicine ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
System A ◽  
The World

: The nCOVID-19 virus has become the most threatening infections disease all over the world. From the beginning till today a large number of researches is going on to develop appropriate therapeutics that can prevent and cure this viral infection successfully. But unfortunately, modern western medicine could not find any effective drug having no toxic effects on host cell. TCM (traditional Chinese Medicine) has shown promising effect against nCOVID-19. This TCM contains natural occurring herbal decoctions which showed promising blocking of viral progression in host cell. These ayurvedic formulations containing homeopathic medicine, unani medicine and yoga to challenge the virus. The traditional medicine system is unable to cure properly but it can be a possible preventing strategy to stop this virus pandemicity. This review focuses how the ayurvedic medicines, homeopathic treatment strategies and yoga can impact to prevent the viral infection.

scholarly journals Pharmacognostical & physicochemical Analysis of Musta-Triphaladi Avalehya, used in the management of Thalassemia Major

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalawana OTMRKSB ◽  
Harisha C R ◽  
Rajagopala S ◽  
Patel K S ◽  
Kori V K
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Microcytic Anemia ◽  
Microscopical Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hypochromic Microcytic Anemia ◽  
Blood Disorder ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
The World

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Thalassemia is the most prevalent genetic blood disorder in the world. Thalassemic patients are suffering from hypochromic, microcytic anemia due to the early excessive destruction of red blood cells. Due to the complications and incompleteness of modern medical management of the disease, need arises of some adjuvant therapy like Ayurveda. Hence present study was carried out to standardize the finished product of Musta-triphaladi Avaleha, an Ayurveda formulation which is used in the management of Thalassemia Major, to conform its identity, quality and purity. The finished product was used for the pharmacognostical study; organoleptic characteristics and microscopical study of the Musta-triphaladi Avaleha by showing characteristic features of hat all ingredients used were genuine and all were found in the finished product too. Physico-Chemical Parameters of Musta-Triphaladi Avaleha were found as pH value 6.0, ash value 0.142 g and Acid insoluble ash was 0.193 % w/w 

scholarly journals Geochemical Baseline Values Determination and Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination in Soils of Lanping Mining Valley (Yunnan Province, China)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuran Li ◽  
Judith Deblon ◽  
Yanqun Zu ◽  
Gilles Colinet ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
World Average ◽  
Geochemical Baseline ◽  
The World ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Downstream Area

The largest lead/zinc mine in China is located in Lanping mining valley. The real impact of mining activity on the Lanping mining valley has not been studied to date. This study aims to characterize the geochemical baseline values and risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in soils of a study area located in the Lanping mining valley including upstream, mining and downstream areas. The results showed that the mean soil pH value was 6.8, and organic matter was 34.3%, in surface layer of the mining area. The mean soil pH value in the upstream and downstream areas was less than 5.5. The concentrations of Pb and Zn in the mining area were 56 and 47 times above the world average, the concentrations of Pb, Zn and Cd in the upstream area were six, seven, and six times above the world average, and the concentrations of Pb, Zn and Cd in the downstream area were eight, eight, and 18 times above the world average, respectively. The proposed geochemical baseline values of Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd were 169.93, 31.81, 569.06 and 4.13 mg·kg−1, respectively. The pseudo total and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA)-extractable concentrations of Pb, Zn and Cd showed similar tendency as follows: mining area > downstream area > upstream area. The contamination degree with the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and the improved Nemerow index (IIN) in the upstream and mining areas was non-contamination or slight contamination with low or moderate risk with the individual ecological risk index (Er) and the comprehensive potential ecological risk index (RI), although moderate or heavy contamination with pollution factor (Pi) and the Nemerow index (IN). The contamination degree with Igeo and IIN in the downstream area was non-contamination or extreme contamination with low or extreme risk with Er and RI. The results suggest that the IIN should be recommended to assess the soil contamination of heavy metals and the geochemical baseline values would be important for the environmental management and remediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals.

scholarly journals Debris and Eutrophication Control for Industrial Environmental Monitoring Using IoT

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.24) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
S Subramanian ◽  
M Vinodhini
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Automobile Exhaust ◽  
Eutrophication Control ◽  
The World

Pollution is the major concern of all the nations of the world, especially developing countries. From that air pollution and water pollution is due to industrial and automobile exhaust. multitude sensors that can be set in microcontroller. It can be monitoring the water parameters and gas range in industries. This presentation based on not only monitoring the range of ph value and gas range that release from industry and also control the pollution in order to shutdown the power in industry.   

scholarly journals Factors of Nasopharynx that Favor the Colonization and Persistence of Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel González-García ◽  
Aída Hamdan-Partida ◽  
Anaíd Bustos-Hamdan ◽  
Jaime Bustos-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
The Other ◽  
World Population ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
The World ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Wall Teichoic Acids

Between 30 and 50% of the world population is permanently colonized in some anatomical site by Staphylococcus aureus, although the vast majority are asymptomatic carriers. The nose is its main niche and currently the colonization of S. aureus in the pharynx has become relevant due to the variety of reported carrier rates and the epidemiological importance of the dissemination of Methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains (MRSA) by pharyngeal carriers. For this bacterium to colonize a tissue successfully, it is necessary to establish many interactions with bacterial and host cell components such as bacterial wall teichoic acids (WTA) with the Scavenger SREC-1 host receptor and at the same time evade the defense mechanisms. On the other hand, there are host factors that will facilitate or complicate the colonization or persistence of S. aureus at these sites, such as physiological, genetic, immunological and microbiological factors.

scholarly journals Natural Immunomodulators Treat the Cytokine Storm in SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba S Abbas ◽  
Mona M Abd-elhakeem ◽  
Rania M Abd El Galil ◽  
Omar A. Reyad ◽  
Heba A Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Viral Entry ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Emerging Viruses ◽  
Human Immune System ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Immune

Recently, the world has been dealing with a destructive global pandemic COVID-19 infection, since 2020; there were millions of infections and hundreds of thousands of deaths worldwide. With sequencing generations of the virus, around 60 % are expected to become infected during the pandemic. Unfortunately, no drug or vaccine has been approved because no real evidence from clinical trials in treatment was reached. According to current thinking, SARS-COV-2 mortality is caused by a cytokine storm syndrome in patients with hyper-inflammatory conditions, resulting in acute respiratory distress and finally death. In this review, we discuss the various types of natural immune-modulatory agents and their role in the management of SARS-COV-2, and cytokine storm syndrome. For example, Polyphenols as natural products can block the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to host cell receptor ACE2, stop viral entry into the host cell and block viral RNA replication. Also, Saikosaponins (A, B2, C, and D), triterpene glycosides, which are isolated from medicinal plants exert antiviral action against HCoV-22E9, and Houttuynia cordata water extract has antiviral effects on SARS-CoV. Moreover, eucalyptus oil has promising potential for COVID-19 prevention and treatment. There is an urgent need for research to improve the function of the human immune system all over the world. As a result, actions for better understanding and improving the human immune system are critical steps toward mitigating risks and negative outcomes. These approaches will be strongly recommended for future emerging viruses and pathogens.

scholarly journals Assessment of Salinity Level and Some Nutrients in Different Depths of Soil at Kalapara Upazila of Patuakhali District

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sabnaj Khanam ◽  
Mohammad Asadul Haque ◽  
Md. Fazlul Hoque ◽  
Md. Tariqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Surface Soil ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Salt Accumulation ◽  
P Content ◽  
Subsurface Soil ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Depths

Salinity intrusion is one of the major environmental issues throughout the world. The spatial variability of salt accumulation through the soil profile was studied at Kalapara Upazila, Patuakhali district, Bangladesh. The soil samples were collected from 30 locations covering six villages: Solimpur, Umidpur, Diaramkhola, Hazipur, Monoharpur and Puranmohipur of Kalapara Upazila, Patuakhali district. From each spot, soil samples were collected from two soil depths (0-5cm and 5-10 cm).The study was therefore consisted (30 locations and 2 soil depths) 60 soil samples. The soils were strongly acidic having mean pH value of 4.11, and 4.83 in 0-5, and 5-10 cm soil depth, respectively. In 0-5 cm soil depth, the EC1:5 values were 5.80 dS/m. The EC1:5 values were drastically reduced to 1.86dS/m in 5-10 cm soil depth. The available P content in 0-5 and 5-10 cm soil depth was 21.3 and 24.1 ppm indicating the less availability of P in the surface soil. Available sulphur content found in 0-5 cm soil depth was 28.5 meq/100 g soil ppm which reduced by 63% in 5-10 cm soil depth. The Na+ content in surface soil was 23.03 meq/100 g soils where as in subsurface soil it was 16.7 meq/100 g soils that indicated Na affects plants growth in the study area. With the increase of soil depth exchangeable K content was gradually decreased. Based on the electrical conductivity and different nutrients Monoharpur, Puranmohipur, Diaramkhola village were found seriously affected by salinity.

scholarly journals Ongoing Clinical and Immunization Trials for Novel Zoonotic Covid -19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Ramya Kumari B. S.
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
The World

Some of the contagious diseases have created history and also remains with us today. So it becomes utmost important to understand such infectious diseases and exploring their remedies. One such disease which has created havoc across the globe is COVID-19, caused by an agent SARS CoV-2 virus. The current threat of coronavirus is the human health and economy, which can be overcome by the development of a target vaccine at a specific level by blocking the entry of virus inside the host cell. This step not only will reduce the morbidity and mortality rate associated with this viral infection but will also improve upon the prevailing economy crisis. Hence, this review chapter aims at the ongoing clinical and immunization trials for novel zoonotic COVID-19 pandemic. Currently the clinical trials are happening throughout the world and all the trials are to be registered in publicly available domain which is recommended by ICMJE. Different phase of trials in various parts of the globe, includes Phase-I to Phase-III and insights of vaccine developers involved in the development of COVID vaccines are the focused areas in this review chapter.

Exploring Spike Protein as Potential Target of Novel Coronavirus and to Inhibit the Viability utilizing Natural Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisir Nandi ◽  
Harekrishna Roy ◽  
Asha Gummadi ◽  
Anil Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fusion ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Background: By the end of 2019 the sudden outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a global threat. It is called COVID-19 because it was caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) in 2019. A total of 1.9 M deaths and 87.9 M cases have been reported all over the world where 49M cases have recovered so far. Scientists are working hard to find chemotherapeutics and vaccines for COVID-19. Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 have been observed in a combination of several hazardous stresses, making them more resistant and beneficial. So to break down the viral system, the disease targets are examined. Objective: In today's review, a comprehensive study of spike protein explains the main purpose of the novel coronavirus and how to prevent the spread of the disease virus, cross-transmission from infected to a healthy person. Method: Covid-19 has already been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) due to global death and wide illness. SARS-CoV-2 is highly contagious. However, the intermediate host of the novel coronavirus is not clear. To explore the mechanisms of disease, one of the viral targets, such as the spike protein that binds to human cells and causes the disease and its genetic structure, is considered with potential inhibitors. Results: It has been shown that the receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein of SARS- CoV-2 spike and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) host receptor interact and further replication of coronavirus spike protein causes its invasion in the host cell. The human Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, Locus E (LY6E) inhibits the entry of CoV into host cells by interfering with the human gene, spike protein-mediated membrane fusion. Some natural formulations have also been shown to prevent spike protein from binding to the host cell. Conclusion: With the development of the LY6E gene activator that can inhibit spike protein-ACE2-mediated membrane fusion, new opportunities for SARS-CoV-2 treatment may emerge. Existing antiviral fusion inhibitors and natural compounds targeting spike resistance can serve as a template for further SARS-CoV-2 drug formulation.

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