scholarly journals Assessment of Salinity Level and Some Nutrients in Different Depths of Soil at Kalapara Upazila of Patuakhali District

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sabnaj Khanam ◽  
Mohammad Asadul Haque ◽  
Md. Fazlul Hoque ◽  
Md. Tariqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Surface Soil ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Salt Accumulation ◽  
P Content ◽  
Subsurface Soil ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Depths

Salinity intrusion is one of the major environmental issues throughout the world. The spatial variability of salt accumulation through the soil profile was studied at Kalapara Upazila, Patuakhali district, Bangladesh. The soil samples were collected from 30 locations covering six villages: Solimpur, Umidpur, Diaramkhola, Hazipur, Monoharpur and Puranmohipur of Kalapara Upazila, Patuakhali district. From each spot, soil samples were collected from two soil depths (0-5cm and 5-10 cm).The study was therefore consisted (30 locations and 2 soil depths) 60 soil samples. The soils were strongly acidic having mean pH value of 4.11, and 4.83 in 0-5, and 5-10 cm soil depth, respectively. In 0-5 cm soil depth, the EC1:5 values were 5.80 dS/m. The EC1:5 values were drastically reduced to 1.86dS/m in 5-10 cm soil depth. The available P content in 0-5 and 5-10 cm soil depth was 21.3 and 24.1 ppm indicating the less availability of P in the surface soil. Available sulphur content found in 0-5 cm soil depth was 28.5 meq/100 g soil ppm which reduced by 63% in 5-10 cm soil depth. The Na+ content in surface soil was 23.03 meq/100 g soils where as in subsurface soil it was 16.7 meq/100 g soils that indicated Na affects plants growth in the study area. With the increase of soil depth exchangeable K content was gradually decreased. Based on the electrical conductivity and different nutrients Monoharpur, Puranmohipur, Diaramkhola village were found seriously affected by salinity.

scholarly journals Variation in Salinity through the Soil Profile in South Coastal Region of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asadul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Salt Accumulation ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The spatial variability of salt accumulation through the soil profile was studied at Latachapali union of Kalapara upazila, Patuakhali district, Bangladesh. The soil samples were collected from 30 locations covering six villages of the union: Kuakata, Malapara, Fashipara, Khajura, Mothaopara and Tajepara. Five locations were randomly selected from each village. From each location soil samples were collected from three soil depths at 0-2 cm, 2.1-4 cm and 4.1-6 cm. Electrical conductivity of top 0-2 cm soil depth was 20.49 dS/m, in 2.1-4 cm soil depth was 7.14 dS/m and in 4.1-6 cm soil depth 4.15 dS/m. The study soils were strongly acidic having pH value 4.73, 4.99 and 5.20 in 0-2, 2.1-4 and 4.1-6 cm soil depth, respectively. The highest of 8.8 Na:K ratio was found in 0-2 cm soil depth. The Na:K ratio gradually decreased with the increase of soil depth, having 6.59 in 2.1-4 cm and 5.42. in 4.1-6 cm soil depth. The results clearly reveal that the top soil is very much sensitive to salt stress. Based on the electrical conductivity and Na:K ratio the Fashipara, Kuakata and Tajepara village were found seriously affected by salinity.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 42, No. 1, 11-23, 2018

Distribution Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon in Estuarine Wetland of Qingdao Dagu River

2015 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 469-472
Author(s):  
Fan Long Kong ◽  
Min Xi ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Wen Hao Zhang ◽  
Yang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Coastal Wetland ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Jiaozhou Bay ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Different Depths

Distribution characteristics of content of soil organic carbon in wetland were studied by the analysis of four soil samples from areas, which were at different depths of soil, collected in the Dagu River estuary of Qingdao during summer of 2014. The result showed that the content of soil organic carbon in coastal wetland of Jiaozhou bay had an overall downward trend with the increase of soil depth. Because of the influence of hydro-salinity environment and tidal action, in regions near the sea, the content of soil organic carbon was less than its counterpart in regions away from the ocean.

scholarly journals Microbiology and Heavy Metal Content of Wetlands Impacted by Crude Oil Pollution in Rivers State, Southern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Mebom Princess Chibuike ◽  
N. David Ogbonna ◽  
Williams Janet Olufunmilayo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Wetland Soil ◽  
Subsurface Soil

Wetland soils constitute vast, under-exploited and sometimes undiscovered ecologies in many countries of the World, including Nigeria. A total of 54 wetland soil samples including surface and subsurface soil at depths of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm were collected using a sterile hand auger for a period of three months between August and October and subjected to standard and analytical microbiological procedures. The wetland soil samples were further subjected to atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) to check for presence and concentration of heavy metals. Results obtained showed that apart from heterotrophic bacterial and fungal counts, hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (HUB) counts were higher in the surface soil ranging from 12.06±3.43bX107 cfu/g at Iwofe to 6.19±2.67aX107 cfu/g at Chokocho while subsurface soil had HUB ranging from 8.91±6.67aX103 cfu/g at Eagle Island to 4.93±3.95aX103cfu/g at Chokocho. Heavy metals such as Fe, Pb, Cd and Ni were recorded in concentrations above FEPA permissible limit in the surface and subsurface soil across the three wetlands. The heavy metal concentration in each wetland however, decreased with an increase in soil depth. According to literatures, elevated levels of heavy metals in soils decrease microbial population, diversity and activities. However, the microbial population in this study increased with increasing heavy metal concentration which indicates that the microbes can tolerate or utilize heavy metals in their systems; as such can be used for bioremediation of heavy metal polluted soils. 

scholarly journals Characterization of the existing soil management in relation to some selected physico-chemical properties at Bulehoraworeda, West guji zone

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenea Worku ◽  
Abdissa Debela ◽  
Diriba Shanko
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Surface Horizon ◽  
Physico Chemical

The study of soil physico-chemical properties were made on the soils of BuleHoraWoreda, WestGuji zone. The objective of the study was to characterize soil physical and chemical properties to assess the fertility status of the soils in the study areas. Soil profile pits at representative sites were described and soil samples were collected from each depth of 0-15 cm, 15 – 30 cm, and 30–60 cm depending on the root depth of the crop. Soil samples were collected from two different study areas for the determination of soil texture, bulk density, porosity, soil pH and electrical conductivity. The top layer (0-15 cm) has an average bulk density of 1.10 g/cm3, whereas the subsurface layer (15-30 and the bottom layer (30-60 cm) has an average bulk density of 1.16 g/cm3 and 1.26 g/cm3, respectively at the GuyyeKebele. The average value of bulk density 1.18 g/cm3, 1.29 g/cm3 and 1.39g/cm3 was recorded on the surface horizon (0-15 cm), subsurface horizon (15-30 cm) and the bottom horizon (30 - 60 cm) depth, respectively at BuleHora Farm. Accordingly, the highest (1.39 g/cm3) and the lowest (1.10 g/cm3) average bulk density values were recorded for BuleHoraand GuyyeKebele study Farm, respectively. The average highest porosity (58.48%) value was observed in the surface horizon (0 -15 cm) soil depth and the average lowest porosity value (52.11%) was observed in the bottom horizon (30 – 60 cm) depth at GuyyeKebele study Farm. The average porosity value of the soils in BuleHora study Farm were recorded 55.27%, 52.39% and 47.63% for the surface horizon (0 -15 cm), sub surface horizon ( 15 –30 cm) and bottom horizon (30 – 60 cm) depth , respectively. The soil textural class was changed with depth from sandy clay in surface horizon (0-15 cm) to clay in both sub surface horizon (15- 30 cm) and bottom horizon (30-60 cm) at GuyyeKebele. The pH value was observed on the soils of the GuyyeKebele study area increased from 6.08 at surface horizon (0 – 15 cm) to 6.27 at the sub surface horizon (15- 30 cm) and then slightly decreased to 6.21 at the bottom horizon (30-60 cm) of the soil depth. Lowest soil pH value (5.44) was measured in the surface horizon (0 –15 cm) and the highest pH value (6.09) was observed in bottom horizon (30-60 cm) soil depth at BuleHora farm. The electrical conductivity of the saturated soil paste extracts of the study area was low (ranging from 0.0387 to 0.1587 dS m-1) throughout the profile showing no significant accumulation of soluble salts to convert the soil to saline soil.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 7 (2): 43-48, December, 2017

scholarly journals Effect of Drip Fertigation under Different Fertilizer Levels on Nutrient Status in Coconut (Cocos nucifera L) Leaf

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Avinash Sarin Saxena ◽  
Sankar Chandra Paul ◽  
. Juhi
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Sulphur Content ◽  
P Content ◽  
Leaf P ◽  
Drip Fertigation

A study was conducted during 2017-18 under the All India Co-ordinated Research Project initiated in 2009 at research farm of Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur. The aim of this study was compare the nutrient concentration of coconut leaves at different nutrient levels through drip fertigation in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four (4) replications. Result was observed that leaf Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Sulphur, Iron, Manganese, Copper and Boron content under different fertigation treatments were not significantly different from each other. The content of micronutrients in leaf were found to increase with increasing levels of fertilizer in the treatments. Cation Exchange Capacity was positively correlated with all the leaf nutrients. Organic carbon did not show remarkable relation with plant nutrient parameters. Soil K content of all three depths was positively correlated with all the leaf nutrient elements. Soil pH value was positively correlated with leaf P content in coconut which explains that leaf P content is directly proportional to the soil pH value. Electrical conductivity (EC) of soil was also positively correlated with P, K and B concentration in coconut leaf. Correlation coefficient value between CEC and leaf nutrient contents explains that 2nd depth of soil is more important for mineral nutrition of coconut palm. Correlation coefficient values between soil P content and leaf nutrient content. Higher correlation coefficient value was found at lower soil depth between available sulphur content in soil and sulphur content in leaf of coconut. This result suggests that inherent supplying capacity of micronutrient of experimental soil is not so influential for higher plant growth, but application of N, P and K fertilizers trigger the absorption capacity for micronutrient from soil. Under different NPK levels, the applied NPK does not have significant effect on leaf N, P, S, Zn content after five (5) years of experimentation while the effect was found to be significant for few elements like K, Fe, Mn, Cu, and B. An increasing trend was observed for leaf nutrient content with increasing levels of fertilizer application.

scholarly journals Fertility Status of Soils of the two major cocoa producing Local Government Areas (Etung and Ikom) in Cross River State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Atoe E.E.
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Sand Content ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Subsurface Soil ◽  
Cocoa Production

Fertility studies were carried out on the status of Basalt soil of Etung and Ikom Local Gov- ernment Areas of Cross River State for Cocoa production. Stratified – random sampling technique was used in taking soil samples at 0-25cm and 25-50cm depth at different loca- tions in Etung and Ikom Local Government Areas of Cross River State. Analytical results indicated that the soils in these areas are clay loam. The sand content of the soil ranged from 34.20 % to 84 %. Etung Local Government Area had the highest mean sand fraction of 50.54% compared to Ikom having 49.71%. Sand content of the soil generally decreased with increased in soil depth while the silt and clay content ranged from 9.80 % to 16.00 % and 8.00 % to 48.00 % respectively. The silt and clay content of the soils were higher in the surface soil than the subsurface soil in both Local Government Areas having a textural class of sandy loam in the surface soil and clay in the subsurface soil. The soil organic matter content of the surface soils in both Local Government Areas was generally higher than those of the subsurface soils with a mean value of 2.56 % and 3.07 % in the surface soil and 2.90 % and 2.94 % in the subsurface soil respectively. The soil pH decreased with depth; at 0-25 cm it ranged from 5.46 and decreased to 5.29 at 25-50 cm. The effective cation exchange capacity ranged from 5.09 cmol/kg to 10.6 cmol/kg with a mean value of 7.00 cmol/kg and 7.86 cmol/kg for surface and subsurface soils respectively. The ex- changeable bases (Ca Mg, k, and Na) and ECEC of these soils were below the critical value required for cocoa production.

scholarly journals PENGKAJIAN PEMUPUKAN FOSFOR (P) DAN KALIUM (K) BERDASARKAN STATUS HARA PADA TANAH DI DAERAH PERTANAMAN JAGUNG DI KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Yulinar Zubaidah
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Soil P ◽  
High K ◽  
P Content ◽  
Soil Status ◽  
Low K

Analysis of phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) fertilization based on soil P and K status at maize planting area in Pasaman Barat regency had done on October until December 2005. The research was conducted by using survey method.  The area was surveyed through some trails.  Soil samples were taken in every 500 – 1000 m in distance.  Global Position System (GPS) was used to determine the coordinates of sampling points.  In each point composite bulk soil samples were taken on the top 20 cm soil depth.  Each sample represented about 50 ha area.  The results showed that from 7702.2 ha area surveyed, there was 5351.5 ha (69.4%) of the area having high P content, 1487.5 Ha (19,3 %) having moderate P, and 863.2 Ha (11,2 %) having low P.  Potassium status of the soil in the area was as follows, 2798.4 Ha (36,3 %) having high K, 4499.4 Ha (58,4 %) having moderate K, and 404.4 Ha (5,2 %) having low K. The requirement of SP-36 fertilizer was about 90 kg/Ha, 250 kg/Ha and 500 kg/Ha, for soil having high P, moderate P, and low P content. Potassium was required about 0 kg KCl/Ha, 50 kg KCl/Ha and 250 kg KCl/Ha, for soil having high K, moderate K, and low K, respectively.  The both fertilization recommendation was the amount of SP36 and KCl to reach production about 4,5 ton dry weight corn kernel  (with water content 14%) or it is equal to 8 ton corn weight during harvesting time (with water content 25%).Key Words: P- soil status, K-soil status, fertilizer recommendation

Extraction Methods Study and Structure Analysis of Humic Acid in Surface Soil along Main Transportation Road

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Yue Jin Zhang ◽  
Juan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Sorption Ability ◽  
Scanning Electron

The five surface soil samples were collected in along zhonghuan road of Jiaxing city. According to different solubility in acid and alkali solution, the soil organic matters were divided into different kinds of components such as fulvic acid, humic acid and Humin. Both humic acid and minerals were extracted by sequence and the images were displayed in assistance of scanning electron microscope. Different extraction time and extraction conditions were optimized and the methods were established in the last. Correlations between organic matter content, pH value and contents of HA were fitted and a linear relationship was found between OM and HA. On the help of SEM, different structure of HA and minerals were found that images of HA were columnar and that of mineral were Massive. It is just the reason that why the OM has great sorption ability than the minerals.

scholarly journals A preliminary study of the content and distribution of pesticide residues in soil samples from the Kathmandu valley, Nepal .

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirita Giri ◽  
Monika Sieghardt ◽  
Celine Lesueur ◽  
Axel Mentler ◽  
Winfried E.H. Blum
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Different Depths

The increasing use of pesticides for agricultural production is causing soil pollution problems in different parts of Nepal. Uncontaminated agricultural soils are of great importance as they have a direct impact on food security and human health. The objective of this study was to investigate the quality and quantity of pesticides in soil samples from districts near the capital city of Kathmandu, from where fruit and vegetables are brought to the city for consumption. A questionnaire survey was carried out in four districts around Kathmandu city to investigate the types of pesticides that are most commonly used in these districts. A total of 15 soil samples were taken at a depth of 10 cm and four complete soil profiles were sampled at three different depths (10 cm, 30 cm and 50 cm) on the farms of those who were interviewed. A total of four replicates of each soil sample were extracted and analyzed. The pH, soil texture and organic carbon content of the soil samples were analyzed to understand the general soil characteristics. The QuEChERS method used for the analysis of food samples was modified and applied to the soil samples. An HPLC-MS/MS was used for the qualification and quantification of the pesticide residues in the soil samples. The questionnaire survey revealed that carbendazim, chlorpyrifos-methyl, parathion-methyl, imidacloprid, metalaxyl, dimethoate, omethoate and dichlorvos were the most commonly used pesticides in the area studied. The chemical analysis showed that soil samples from all the districts except Kathmandu city were contaminated with various pesticides. The soil samples collected at the depth of 10 cm were found to be contaminated with the fungicide carbendazim and the insecticide chlorpyrifos-methyl at rates of up to 0.038 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> and the systemic insecticide imidacloprid was found at up to 0.016 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>. The study of soil samples taken at different depths (10 cm, 30 cm and 50 cm) showed that pesticides were homogenously distributed with soil depth. The recovery between 77.5-112%, linearity between 0.01 mg kg<sup>-l</sup> - 2 mg kg<sup>-l</sup> with correlation factors R2 higher than 0.99 and LOQ between 0.2 µg kg<sup>-1</sup>- 6.25 µg kg<sup>-l</sup> were found. Some samples were contaminated with parathion-methyl, a highly carcinogenic organophosphorous insecticide, even though these pesticides had already been banned. For the first time, this study provides information about soil contamination levels due to pesticides in Central Nepal and shows that further research and information campaigns for farmers are necessary.

LYSIMETERS WITH RAINFALL AND SOIL WATER CONTROL

1971 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. KRISTENSEN ◽  
H. C. ASLYNG
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Radiation Equipment ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Growth Experiments

The lysimeter installation described comprises 36 concrete tanks each with a soil surface of 4 m2. The installation is useful for plant growth experiments under natural conditions involving different treatment combined with various controlled water supplies. The ground installation is at least 20 cm below the soil surface and tillage can be done with field implements. The lysimeter tanks are provided with a drainage system which can drain the soil at the bottom (100 cm depth) to a tension of up to 100 cm. A constant ground-water table at less than 100 cm soil depth can also be maintained. The soil moisture content at different depths is determined from an underground tunnel by use of gamma radiation equipment in metal tubes horizontally installed in the soil. Rainfall is prevented by a movable glass roof automatically operated and controlled by a special rain sensor. Water is applied to the soil surface with a special trickle irrigation system consisting of a set of plastic tubes for each lysimeter tank and controlled from the tunnel. Fertilizers in controlled amount can be applied with the irrigation water.

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