scholarly journals Political Budget Cycles in Public Revenues: Evidence From Fines

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402110591
Author(s):  
Bernardino Benito ◽  
María-Dolores Guillamón ◽  
Ana-María Ríos
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
External Funding ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
Political Budget Cycles ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Improper Use ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Public Revenues

This article seeks to ascertain whether local governments make improper use of their discretion and use pecuniary sanctions for electoral purposes. To this end, a sample of Spanish municipalities with a population of more than 1,000 citizens during the period 2010 to 2016 has been used. Our results show that revenues from fines are influenced by the presence of elections. In particular, we find that local governments in an election year reduce the percentage of fines, measured either over total non-financial revenues or in per capita terms. This reduction, compared to the pre-election year, suggests that politicians use their discretionary power to issue fewer fines in election years, as they are aware that penalties are not well-regarded by citizens. In addition, we find that the most indebted municipalities, those governed by right-wing parties and the most fragmented municipalities tend to collect more revenues from fines in the pre-election year. Finally, other factors influencing revenues from fines are the number of inhabitants of the municipality, the sources of external funding that the local government has, the ideology of the rulers and their political strength.

scholarly journals Socio-Technological Factors Influencing the Use of GSM in Communication and Sustainable Development in Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Ojinga Gideon Omiunu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Technological Factors ◽  
North East ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Multi Stage

The study investigates the influence of social and technological problems/factors and the use of GSM in communication towards ensuring sustainable development in Nigeria. The multi-stage sampling technique is used for this study. The local governments are divided into two major strata, and from each stratum, one local government is selected randomly. From the Ibadan-lesscity, Akinyele local government is selected, and from Ibadan urban, it is Ibadan North East. Also, since the population of GSM users are unknown, a convenientsampling technique is deployed to select 200 respondents. The result reveals that although GSM users are satisfied with the reliability of the communication by mobile phones, some problems exist. Those problems are network issues, inability to perceive what the person at the other end is doing, and mistrust and distrust among speakers. Those problems have affected the satisfaction and use of GSM. In addition, some personal, social, and technological factors influence the efficient and nonefficient use of GSM (p < 0:05). As a result, users deploy various strategies to ameliorate these problems. Finally, GSM use among mobile users has a significant effect on users development (p < 0:05), which can bepersonal or communal. It is recommended that telecommunication should upgrade the system to encourage good interpersonal communication among GSM users and also consider some personal and social factors to enhance theefficiency use of GSM that will have sustainable impact on lives.

scholarly journals Political Competition and Local Government Performance: Evidence from Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahen Fachrul Rezki
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Instrumental Variables ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Political Competition ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
The Political ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

This paper analyses the impact of political competition on local government performance in Indonesia. This study uses a new database that covers 427 districts in Indonesia, from 2000 to 2013. In Indonesia, local governments are largely responsible for fulfilling basic service delivery and, in this regard, they are extremely powerful. Political competition is measured using the Herfindahl Hirschman Concentration Index for the district parliament election. This variable is potentially endogenous, because political competition is likely to be non-random and correlated with unobservable variables. To solve this problem, I use the lag of political competition for neighbouring districts within the same province, as well as the political competition from the 1955 general election, as instrumental variables for political competition. The degree of political competition has been found to boost real Regional Gross Domestic Product (RGDP) per capita by 1.9%. Furthermore, a one standard deviation increase in political competition would increase RGDP growth by approximately 0.81%. The results also support the findings of previous studies, which have found that stiffer political competition is associated with higher public spending (e.g. infrastructure spending) and pro-business policies.

scholarly journals FACTORS INFLUENCING THE WEAKNESSES OF INTERNAL CONTROL OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Kiswanto ◽  
Ain Hajawiyah ◽  
Yunindya Lazty Mahera
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Internal Control Weaknesses ◽  
The Republic

Purpose of the study: This paper aims to examine the factors influencing local government internal control weakness, includes leverage, locally generated revenue, capital expenditure, complexity, previous year's internal control weaknesses findings Methodology: The population of this research is the audit report of the Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia (BPK) in the Regency/City of West Indonesia with a total of 263 financial statements. The purposive sampling method is used, resulting in 186 financial statements as samples. Hypotheses are tested using multiple linear regression using SPSS V.21. Main Findings: The results of the study show that locally generated income, capital expenditure, and previous year’s internal control weaknesses findings positively affect the weaknesses of local government control. Meanwhile, leverage and regional complexity do not affect the weaknesses of local government internal controls. Lack of supervision among revenues and expenditures causes a decrease in local government internal control system quality. Applications of this study: This study can be useful for local governments to minimize the internal control weakness in the organization. Novelty/Originality of this study: Leverage and previous year’s finding on internal control weaknesses variables are included in this study because there have been only a few studies that use those variables. This research uses a different proxy than the previous ones with the aim of getting more accurate results.

Victorian local government priority for Aboriginal health and wellbeing: a mixed-methods study

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Yudit Aron ◽  
Kim Rounsefell ◽  
Jennifer Browne ◽  
Ruth Walker ◽  
Catherine Helson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Program Development ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Aboriginal Health ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Aboriginal Community ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Factors Influencing

The aim of this study is to identify if Victorian local governments prioritise Aboriginal health and wellbeing issues through policy and explore the key factors influencing policy and program development and implementation. A sequential explanatory mixed-methods study design utilised a survey to quantify commitment to Aboriginal health policy followed by in-depth interviews that explored how and why policy or programs were in place. Data were analysed separately and then interpreted together. Representatives from 39 of Victoria’s 79 local governments (49%) responded to the survey and 14 were interviewed. Seventy-four per cent had policy and programs addressing Aboriginal health and wellbeing. The key factors influencing policy and program development were: (i) the process of policy and program development and implementation and the role of other policies; (ii) the influence of Aboriginal community characteristics; and (iii) advocacy for Aboriginal health and wellbeing. Underpinning these factors was that local government is ‘working together (in partnership and through collaboration) towards reconciliation’. Victorian local governments that participated in this study appear to prioritise Aboriginal health and wellbeing, especially where collaboration with the Aboriginal community is strong. The effect of policies and their subsequent programs on the health of Aboriginal peoples warrants further exploration.

Local Government Borrowing Capacity: Legislative versus Market Approach in Slovenia, Croatia, and Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-209
Author(s):  
Vasja Rant ◽  
Mitja Čok ◽  
Gregor Rožman ◽  
Miroslav Verbič
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Market Sentiment ◽  
Investment Opportunities ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Market Approach ◽  
Financing And Investment

In this article, we develop a new conceptual model for estimating local government borrowing capacity that combines a legislative and market approach. The model has wider applicability and is relevant for several stakeholders: for the local governments to determine their development financing potential, for the central government to balance local development needs with macroeconomic stability objectives, and for financial institutions and project, developers to tailor their products to the local financing and investment opportunities. We apply the model on selected local government units in Slovenia, Croatia and Serbia and test the hypothesis that their relative (per capita) borrowing capacities differ. We find that the legislative borrowing capacity is more restrictive in Slovenia, while market limitations cap the borrowing capacity in Croatia and Serbia. Overall, Slovenian local government units have the highest relative (per capita) market borrowing capacity, followed by local government units in Croatia and Serbia. We also find evidence that market sentiment may be prohibitive for the borrowing of some units. Our results additionally indicate substantial unused local borrowing capacities in the analysed local government units.

Risk factors influencing environmental protest severity in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-212
Author(s):  
Ming Xue ◽  
Huizhang Shen ◽  
Jidi Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Event Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Environmental Protest ◽  
Factors Influencing

Purpose Using protest event analysis, this study aims to investigate which risk factors influence the severity of environmental protests in China, thus filling a gap in China-related environmental protest literature. Design/methodology/approach Using a database derived from media coverage of 129 environmental protests in China from 2009 to 2015, this empirical study identifies underlying risk factors influencing environmental protest severity, quantifies these protest cases and verifies the associations between risk factors and severity using ordered logistic regression. Findings The results show that higher environmental health threat, economic loss, distrust of local government, lack of local governmental response, improper local government action and higher population density are likely to increase environmental protest severity; however, contrary to expectations, environmental information disclosure has no significant effect. These findings illuminate the vital and variational role of local government throughout all stages of the evolutionary process in environmental protests. Moreover, public distrust of local government is the principal cause of these protests. Originality/value This study enhances the understanding of how Chinese environmental protests arise from the identified risk factors and contributes to quantitative multi-case research in this area. Furthermore, the findings may help local governments in China, as well as in other countries, to enact positive measures to prevent serious environmental protests and improve their ability to address the environmental problems that cause protests. More effective governance can decrease the number and severity of environmental protests and thus promote social stability.

scholarly journals Efficiency vs. The Level of Per Capita Income of Urban-Rural Municipalities in Poland

e-Finanse ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Jarosław Olejniczak
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Nonparametric Method ◽  
Fiscal Transfers ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Basic Objective ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Rural Municipalities

AbstractThe basic objective of the work was to verify the hypothesis regarding the existence of the correlation between the income potential of the municipalities and the efficiency (relative) of their activity. The basis for such a hypothesis were some concerns as to the validity of the assumed system of funding territorial local governments in Poland- in particular in the area of fiscal transfers. A nonparametric method for the evaluation of relative efficiency - the DEA CCR-O was used in the research. Then the correlation between efficiency scores and local government revenues per capita was measured. The study includes 573 urban-rural municipalities in Poland in the years 2009, 2013, and 2016. As variable “input” expenditures per-capita were adopted. As “outputs”, 13 variables describing the basic areas of municipal activity were adopted. The results of the conducted analyses point to the existence of a correlation between the commune’s revenue level and the effectiveness of its functioning. In the whole of the analysed period, the correlation fluctuated around -0.34 to -0.42 for total pc revenues and -0.26 to -0.32 for pc own revenues.

scholarly journals PENGARUH GOOD GOVERNMENT GOVERNANCE DAN UKURAN LEGISLATIF TERHADAP KINERJA PEMERINTAH DAERAH (STUDI PADA PEMERINTAH PROVINSI DI INDONESIA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Hutapea Lastiar Hutapea ◽  
Aristanti Widyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Governance Index ◽  
Good Government ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Government Governance

Abstract. The variables tested in the study consist of Good Government Governance measured by the rank of Indonesia Governance Index (IGI) and the size of the legislative by using the number of members of the provincial parliament, and also local government performance measured by three proxies, the GDP per capita, Poverty Rates, and independence Ratios. The study is conducted in 33 provinces in Indonesia in 2012. The results show that there is no significant effect of good government governance on local government performance by proxy of GDP per capita. There is significant impact of good government governance on local government performance by proxy of Poverty Level. There is no significant influence of good government governance on performance of local governments by proxy of Independence ratio. There is no significant effect on the size of the legislative on the performance of local government by proxy of the GDP Per Capita. There is no significant impact on the size of the legislative on the performance of local government by proxy of Poverty Rates and there is significant effect of the size of the legislative on the performance of local government by proxy of Independence ratio.Keywords: good government governance; size of the legislative; the local government performance; the gdp per capita, poverty rate; independence ratio.Abstrak.Variabel yang diuji dalam penelitian ini penelitian ini terdiri dari Good Government Governance diukur dengan hasil peringkat Indonesia Governance Index (IGI)dan ukuran legislatif dengan  menggunakan jumlah anggota DPRD provinsi, serta kinerja pemerintah daerah diukur dengan tiga proksi yaitu PDRB Per Kapita, Tingkat Kemiskinan dan Rasio Kemandirian. Penelitian dilakukan pada 33 provinsi di Indonesia pada tahun 2012. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari good government governance terhadap kinerja pemerintah daerah dengan proksi PDRB Per Kapita, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari good government governance terhadap kinerja pemerintah daerah dengan proksi Tingkat Kemiskinan, tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari good government governance terhadap kinerja pemerintah daerah dengan proksi Rasio Kemandirian, tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari ukuran legislatif terhadap kinerja pemerintah daerah dengan proksi PDRB Per Kapita, tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari ukuran legislatif terhadap kinerja pemerintah daerah dengan proksi Tingkat Kemiskinan dan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari ukuran legislatif terhadap kinerja pemerintah daerah dengan proksi Rasio Rasio Kemandirian.Kata kunci: good government governance; ukuran legislative; kinerja pemerintah daerah; pdrb per kapita; tingkat kemiskinan; rasio kemandirian

Local Government Roles in Filling the Sustainability Policy Vacuum: Insights from Local Government Managers

2021 ◽  
pp. 0160323X2098889
Author(s):  
Robert E. Lee ◽  
Richard C. Feiock
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Time Horizons ◽  
Sustainability Policy

This paper investigates four roles that local governments play in sustainability within the contemporary intergovernmental system—minimalist, implementing agent, entrepreneur, and regional champion. A conceptual framework is advanced to explain these roles based on the time horizons and capacities within which local governments operate. Interviews with local government managers offer insights into how these two dimensions shape the roles that local governments play in sustainability. Although the interviews offer support for the utility of the sustainability role framework, they also suggest additional factors influencing the roles that local governments play in sustainability.

scholarly journals A Conceptual Framework on the Financial Statement Disclosure in Indonesia Local Government

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3(J)) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Oktavia Nurlianto ◽  
Khoirul Aswar
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Local Government Budget ◽  
And Training

This research begins with the problem of the Indonesian Minister of Finance recognizing cities and districts in Indonesia have a low level of compliance regarding financial reports and the Supreme Audit Board (BPK) has published a report that highlights compliance issues in the local government of Indonesia based on the Summary of First Semester Examination Results in 2019 there is a problem of the level of compliance of local government related to the disclosure of financial statements in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors influencing the degree of mandatory disclosure to local governments in Java and Sumatra Islands. This study has three objectives namely to find out the number of local parliamentarians, local government budget spending, existence of an assistance and training program for disclosure financial statement. Therefore, this research contributes to provide an illustration for local governments in measuring financial statement disclosures.

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