Association of Exposure to Cattle with Self-Reported History of TB Among Dairy Workers

Background: Mycobacterium bovis (bTB) is a potential health hazard to dairy workers. This study uses the One Health wholistic framework for examining bovine tuberculosis (TB) and its relationship to human health. This approach can help bridge surveillance data gaps and contribute to disease control and prevention programs for dairy farm workers, cattle, and the environment. The primary objective of this study was to compare the self-reported history of TB among dairy workers in Bailey County, Texas, with occupational categories of risk and exposure to TB. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among dairy workers. Job positions were used as a proxy for exposure to cattle—high and medium/low. We employed bivariate analyses to examine differences between groups using both the chi-square test and the nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis test. Results: Of the 293 dairy workers invited, 77.0% ( n = 225) participated. No statistically significant associations were found between job categories and reported history of TB exposure. Workers in the high group were younger, Guatemalan males with lower levels of formal education, more likely to be single with no children, and cohabitating with coworkers compared with the medium/low group. Conclusion/Application to Practice: Self-reported TB history among dairy workers is an imprecise measure of being previously diagnosed with TB. Dairy workers at risk for occupationally acquired TB could be tested for TB before employment and tested periodically thereafter, and more expeditiously treated if a positive test is obtained. Future studies should focus on the feasibility of offering on-farm health services, such as TB screening.

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Kondisi Kebersihan Lingkungan Berhubungan dengan Risiko Penularan Kasus Leptospirosis di Area Pasar Tradisional

BALABA JURNAL LITBANG PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT BERSUMBER BINATANG BANJARNEGARA ◽

10.22435/blb.v16i2.3402 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 199-208

Author(s):

Dyah Widiastuti ◽

Dwi Priyanto

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Market Area ◽

Chi Square ◽

Pathogenic Leptospira ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

History Of ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Gathering Place ◽

The Relationship

Leptospirosis is associated with occupations which exposed workers to contaminated environments. The risk of leptospirosis exposure in the market as a gathering place for many people needs to be assessed, to obtain the basis for decision making to anticipate leptospirosis transmission. This study aimed to determine the relationship between market environmental conditions including market sanitation conditions, the level of rat density and the presence of leptospira-positive rats toward the history of leptospirosis exposure among market workers (traders and janitors). A cross sectional study conducted in 35 markets in Banjarnegara and 175 market workers randomly selected. Blood samples analysed using ELISA against 40 Kda pathogenic Leptospira protein. Rat trapping conducted in each market for two days with 100 traps. The caught mice examined with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to detect the presence of Leptospira bacteria in their kidneys. Leptospirosis exposure was spread in 17 markets in Banjarnegara. The PCR examination showed that the pathogenic Leptospira infected rats were spread in four markets in Banjarnegara. Chi square test showed that the hygene condition in market area was significantly associated with the leptospirosis exposure. Markets workers (traders and janitors) were at risk for leptospirosis proved by high seroprevalence of leptospirosis in this study.

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Diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of uterine synechiae managed by hysteroscopy in the gyanecological endoscopic surgery and human reproductive teaching hospital

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20175833 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

Etienne Belinga ◽

Isidore Tompeen ◽

Claude Cyrille Noa Ndoua ◽

Junie Metogo Ntsama ◽

Sandrine Mendibi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Past History ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Qualitative Variables ◽

Preoperative Diagnostic ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Human Reproductive ◽

History Of

Background: Uterine synechiae refers to a total or partial union of the inner walls of the uterus resulting from endometrial trauma. It is a cause of reproductive failure. Until now, synechia was not optimally treated and has remained understudied in Cameroon. Objective of present study was to Evaluate the diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of uterine synechiae treated by hysteroscopy.Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical component from January 1st 2015 to July 31st 2017 at Yaounde. All patients diagnosed with uterine synechiae and treated with hysteroscopy were our sample. Sampling was consecutive. The chi-square test was used for the comparison of qualitative variables and Fisher's test for ANOVA variance analysis. The comparison of the averages was made by the Student's test. P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Hysteroscopies were indicated for uterine synechiae in 14.50%. Nulliparous were 56.67%. A history of curettage/aspiration was present in 66.66%. All of the patients had a form of infertility and 83.33% had menstrual disorders. Hysterosalpingography showed a better sensitivity (88%). After hysteroscopic treatment, 63.30% had a complete anatomical restitution. There is a significant correlation between the stage of severity of synechia and anatomical restitution (p=0.008; Spearman correlation coefficient=-0.477).Conclusions: Uterine synechiae represent one-sixth of all indications for hysteroscopy and present clinically as menstrual disorder associated with infertility. A past history of uterine curettage is common. Hysterosalpingography has a better preoperative diagnostic sensitivity. Hysteroscopy allows optimal treatment.

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Relationship between Periodontitis and Glaucoma: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2020/5384602 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Soo Hwan Byun ◽

Dae Myoung Yoo ◽

Minwook Chang ◽

Hyo Geun Choi ◽

Seok Jin Hong

Keyword(s):

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Epidemiology Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

And Control

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the association between periodontitis and glaucoma. This prospective cohort study used epidemiological data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study performed between 2004 and 2016. Among 173,209 participants, 9572 patients with periodontitis and 115,332 controls (nonperiodontitis) were selected. We analysed the history of glaucoma in periodontitis and control participants. The participants were interviewed regarding their history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia, periodontitis, glaucoma, smoking, and alcohol consumption by trained interviewers. A logistic regression model was created to analyse the odds ratio of having a history of glaucoma among patients with periodontitis. Two-tailed analyses using chi-square and independent t-tests were used for statistical analysis. The adjusted odds ratio of periodontitis as a risk factor for glaucoma was 3.44 (95% confidence interval = 2.99–3.97, p < 0.001 ). This study demonstrated that glaucoma was associated with periodontitis.

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Minimum Dietary Diversity and Associated Factors among Lactating Mothers in Ataye District, North Shoa Zone, Central Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1155/2020/1823697 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Lemma Getacher ◽

Gudina Egata ◽

Tadesse Alemayehu ◽

Agegnehu Bante ◽

Abebaw Molla

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Formal Education ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lactating Mothers ◽

History Of ◽

Minimum Dietary Diversity

Background. Low dietary diversity superimposed with poor-quality monotonous diets is a major problem that often results in undernutrition, mainly micronutrient deficiencies. However, there is limited evidence on minimum dietary diversity and associated factors among lactating mothers in resource-poor settings, including the study area. Therefore, the objective of the study is to assess the prevalence of minimum dietary diversity and associated factors among lactating mothers in Ataye District, Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study design was used among 652 lactating mothers aged 15–49 years from January 25 to April 30, 2018. Dietary diversity was measured by the minimum dietary diversity indicator for women (MDD-W) using the 24-hour dietary recall method. Data were entered into EpiData version 4.2.0.0 and exported to the statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 24 for analysis using the logistic regression model. Results. The prevalence of minimum dietary diversity among lactating mothers was 48.8% (95% CI: (44.7%, 52.9%). Having formal education ((AOR = 2.16, 95% CL: (1.14, 4.09)), a final say on household purchases ((AOR = 5.39, 95% CI: (2.34, 12.42)), home gardening practices ((AOR = 2.67, 95% CI: (1.49, 4.81)), a history of illness ((AOR = 0.47, 95% CI: (0.26, 0.85)), good knowledge of nutrition ((AOR = 5.11, 95% CI: (2.68, 9.78)), being from food-secure households ((AOR = 2.96, 95% CI: (1.45, 6.07)), and medium ((AOR = 5.94, 95% CI: (2.82, 12.87)) and rich wealth indices ((AOR = 3.55, 95% CI: (1.76, 7.13)) were significantly associated with minimum dietary diversity. Conclusion. The prevalence of minimum dietary diversity among lactating mothers was low in the study area. It was significantly associated with mothers having a formal education, final say on the household purchase, home garden, good knowledge of nutrition, history of illness, food-secure households, and belonging to medium and rich household wealth indices. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve the mother’s decision-making autonomy, nutrition knowledge, household food security, and wealth status.

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False Positive Rates and Associated Risk Factors on the VOMS and mBESS in U.S. Military Personnel

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-0094.21 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anthony P. Kontos ◽

MAJ Katrina Monti ◽

Shawn R. Eagle ◽

MAJ Eliot Thomasma ◽

Cyndi L. Holland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Motion Sickness ◽

Military Personnel ◽

False Positive ◽

False Positive Rate ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

False Positives ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of

ABSTRACT Context: In 2018, the U.S. military developed the Military Acute Concussion Evaluation-2 (MACE-2) to inform acute evaluation of mTBI. However, researchers have yet to investigate false positive rates for components of the MACE-2 including the Vestibular-Ocular Motor Screen (VOMS) and modified Balance Error Scoring System (mBESS) in military personnel. Objective: To examine factors associated with false positives in VOMS and mBESS in U.S. Army Special Operations Command (USASOC) personnel. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Military medical clinic. Participants: 416 healthy USASOC personnel completed medical history, VOMS, and mBESS evaluations. Main Outcome Measures: False positive rates for the VOMS (2+ on VOMS symptom item, ≥ 5 cm for near point of convergence [NPC] distance) and mBESS (total score >4) were determined using chi-square analyses and independent samples t-tests. Multivariable logistic regressions (LR) with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were performed to identify risk factors for false positives on VOMS and mBESS. VOMS items false positive rates ranged from 10.6% (smooth pursuits) to 17.5% (NPC). mBESS total score false positive rate was 36.5%. Results: The multivariable LR model supported three significant predictors of VOMS false positives including age (OR= 1.07, 95% CI= 1.02–1.12, p=0.007), migraine (OR=2.49, 95% CI= 1.29–4.81, p=0.007), and motion sickness history (OR=2.46, 95% CI= 1.34–4.50, p=0.004). Results of the multivariable LR model supported only motion sickness history as a significant predictor (OR=2.34, 95% CI= 1.34–4.05, p=0.002) of mBESS false positives. Conclusions: There were low false positive rates across VOMS items, which were associated with age, history of mTBI, migraine, and motion sickness. False positives for the mBESS total score were higher (36.5%) and were only associated with a history of motion sickness. These risk factors for false positives should be considered when administering and interpreting VOMS and mBESS components of the MACE-2 in this population.

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension among Assosa town, WesternEthiopia, 2018

Cardiology Open Access ◽

10.33140/coa.05.02.06 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Health Center ◽

General Hospital ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Sub Saharan

Background: Hypertension, the global first and third risk for mortality and disease burden respectively, is recording an increment in Sub-Saharan Africa countries. This study aimed to identify prevalence and its associated risk factor of Hypertension in the Assosa town. Objective: To identify prevalence and factors associated with hypertension in the study area to increase it’s prevention and control methods. Methods & materials: Institutional based cross sectional study design with quota non-probability sampling technique was conducted among patients visited OPD units ofAssosa General Hospital (AGH) andAssosa Health Center(AHC) fromMarch to June 2018. All outpatients were included. To collect data, pre-tested structured questionnaire and face to face interviews were used. Components ofstatisticalresearch software SPSS version-21 like frequency table, chi-square test of independence & logistic regression was used to enter, analyze, summarize and characterize disease and associated factors data. Result: The study was conducted among 194 participants(152 from AGH and 42 from AHC) with 102 males and 92 females. Prevalence of hypertension among patients visited outpatient units of Assosa General Hospital and Assosa Health Center was 17.5%, and was slightly highest in male than female. Associated factors for hypertension among patients visited OPD units of AGH & AHC were history of hypertension in the family (CI=95% and COR=4.497(1.133-17.844) and being private employee (CI=95% and COR=0.0017(0.001-0.407). Conclusion & recommendation: Prevalence of HTN in the Assosa town, was low and influenced by some risk factors like work status and previousfamily history of hypertension. Even if usual usage ofsalt and using vegetable oil was not associated factor, being private employee were independent factor of HTN. In-depth study is recommended for further investigation. To increase preventative methods of HTN, health education supported by mass media, illustrative posters and anotherstrategies at every government & non government work sector are recommended.

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Stimulation and cognitive function in short-stature preschoolers

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi61.2.2021.74-81 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 74-81

Author(s):

Ika Citra Dewi ◽

Rini Sekartini ◽

Hartono Gunardi ◽

Asrawati Nurdin

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Short Stature ◽

Primary Caregivers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Normal Height ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Primary Scale ◽

History Of

Background Normal-height children generally have better cognitive function than growth-stunted, short-stature children. Children’s cognitive function reportedly improves with stimulation. However, a correlation between stimulation and cognitive function in children with a history of short stature remains unclear. Objective To assess correlation between stimulation and cognitive function in normal-height vs. short-stature preschool children. Methods A cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling was performed in four sub-district areas in Jakarta. Preschool-aged children and their primary caregivers from previous studies on short stature were eligible for inclusion. An Indonesian version of a questionnaire was used to assess stimulation. A psychologist assessed verbal IQ (VIQ), performance IQ (PIQ), and full-scale IQ (FSIQ) with the Indonesian version of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation and Chi-square tests, and P values <0.05 were considered to be significant. Results Of 62 subjects, 64.5% had normal height and 35.5% had short stature. Both normal-height and short-stature children had similar IQ outcome and history of stimulation. The stimulation was significantly correlated with FSIQ in normal-height children (r= 0.316; P=0.047), but not short-stature children (r=0.049; P=0.828). However, the percentage differences in VIQ, PIQ, and FSIQ between normal-height and short-stature children were not significant (P=0.409, 0.119 and 0.877, respectively). Conclusion There is a significant correlation between stimulation and IQ in normal-height children. Short-stature preschoolers were not worse in terms of IQ than normal-height preschoolers. Parents and caregivers should be encouraged to provide regular and adequate stimulation to their young children.

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Relationship between sodium, calcium, and preeclampsia during pregnancy : a Cross-sectional study

Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) ◽

10.21927/ijnd.2019.7(1).31-36 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Fitri Handayani ◽

Fatimah Fatimah ◽

Yulinda Kurniasari ◽

Lia Dian Ayuningrum

Keyword(s):

Maternal Mortality ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Postpartum Women ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

History Of ◽

Expectant Mothers ◽

Development Goals

ABSTRACTBackground: In the world maternal mortality as many as 830 women died due to complications in childbirth. In 2015, 303.000 women died during pregnancy and after pregnancy. Target Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) year 2030 lowers MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE under 70 per 100.000 live births. Pregnancy complications can cause bleeding before or after childbirth, preeclampsia, eclampsia, infections, and others. Maternal death case in Kab. Bantul in 2015 is 9 cases. Research Data in the Panembahan Senopati Hospital in the year 2017 the incidence of childbirth with complications of 1068 people. The prevalence of preeclampsia in expectant mothers is 176 people by 16.47%.Objectives: This research aims to know the relationship of sodium and calcium consumption in the mother of Nifas with preeclampsia during pregnancy in the Panembahan Senopati Hospital. Number of Samples were 54 postpartum women in Panembahan Senopati Bantul. Processing and analysis of data using the Chi-square test.Methods: This type of research is an analytical observational, with a research design using a cross-sectional.Results: Characteristics of most respondents in the age category of 20-35 years as many as 38 people (70.4%), education graduated of senior high school 28 people (51.9%), history of not hypertension as many as 51 people (94.4%) and has no preeclampsia history as much as 50 people (92.6%). Statistical test results of Chi-square and p-value sodium was 0.564 (> 0.05) and P-value calcium was 1.000 (> 0.05).Conclusion: There is no relationship between sodium and calcium consumption of postpartum women with preeclampsia problem during pregnancy at Panembahan Senopati Hospital.KEYWORDS: calcium, preeclampsia, sodium

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Health literacy index in relation to drug information received from pharmacists

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20214103001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 03001

Author(s):

Niken Nur Widyakusuma ◽

Chairun Wiedyaningsih ◽

Bella Hazana ◽

Shirrin Shafira Azzahra ◽

Triyani Dinityaswati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Literacy ◽

Drug Information ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Potential Health ◽

Limited Health Literacy ◽

Literacy Survey ◽

Limited Health ◽

Yogyakarta City

Despite the significance of health literacy to health outcomes, there remains limited data on it in Indonesia, or whether drug information services provided by pharmacists can improve patients’ health literacy. This study aimed to measure the health literacy indices of health care visitors in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and to identify whether the amount of drug information received from pharmacists, among other factors, is a determinant of health literacy. The research was a cross-sectional study using the Health Literacy Survey-Europe-Asia-Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Asia-Q) that was distributed to 400 respondents in pharmacies, hospitals, and primary health centres in Yogyakarta City. The relationships between respondents’ characteristics, including the amount of drug information received from pharmacists, and their health literacy index were analysed using Chi Square. Results: As many as 67.3 % of respondents had limited health literacy index scores. There was evidence that the scores were relative to the amount of drug information they had received from pharmacists (p ≤ 0.05). This study complements health literacy index data in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia, and provides evidence of potential health literacy determinants.

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Metabolic Syndrome Knowledge among Adults with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16010159 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 159 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Qun Wang ◽

Sek Ying Chair ◽

Eliza Mi-Ling Wong ◽

Ruth E. Taylor-Piliae ◽

Xi Chen Hui Qiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Formal Education ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lipid Management ◽

History Of

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors. Many people may be unaware of their risk for MetS. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted among hospitalized patients with at least one cardiometabolic risk factor in Mainland China. This study assessed the MetS knowledgelevel(through MetS Knowledge Scale, MSKS) and examined the potential predictors by regression analysis. A total of 204 patients aged 58.5 ± 10.1 years (55% males) participated in this study. The majority of participants had no history of hypertension (54%), dyslipidemia (79%), or diabetes (85%). However, 56% of these participants had at least three cardiometabolic risk factors, indicating the presence of MetS. The average MSKS was very low (mean = 36.7±18.8, possible range = 0–100), indicating the urgent needs of MetS education in current practice. Predictors of better MetS knowledge included higher educational level, history of dyslipidemia, and normal high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (F (8, 195) = 9.39, adjusted R2 = 0.192, p< 0.001). In conclusion, adults with cardiometabolic risk factors are at risk of developing MetS, but with a low level of knowledge. Specific health education on MetS should be provided, particularly for those with limited formal education or inadequate lipid management.

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