scholarly journals Competitive Dynamics Between Multinational Companies and Local Rivals in Emerging Markets

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-204
Author(s):  
Osama Sam Al-Kwifi ◽  
Allam K. Abu Farha ◽  
Wael S. Zaraket
Keyword(s):  
Airline Industry ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Multinational Companies ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Competitive Environments ◽  
Action Strategy

Multinational Companies from Emerging Economies (EMNCs) have become key players in the global economy. EMNCs have started to operate in highly dynamic, competitive environments where they are faced with competition from multinational companies (MNCs) from developed economies. This study applied Mutlu et al.’s (2015) awareness–motivation–capability (AMC) framework to the airline industry to investigate how EMNCs outperform MNCs. The development of each round of Mutlu et al.’s framework was tested using secondary data sources that cover 16 years, from 2001 to 2016. A fourth round, relating to the determination of ‘who will be the market leader’, was added to the framework and tested. The findings demonstrate that firms’ awareness and capabilities evolve in each round to develop the competitive advantages required to enhance their market position. The complex nature of competition requires firms to analyse information constantly to define key influential factors and to build essential capabilities and resources to initiate an action strategy quickly. From a managerial perspective, it is important for managers to build a comprehensive view of the competition and understand how this competition is evolving over time, to develop capabilities, pursue new opportunities and predict competitors’ responses.

David Versus Goliath: The Competitiveness Of Africa’s Local Enterprises In The Global Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-179
Author(s):  
John O. OGBOR ◽  
Martins IYAMABHOR ◽  
Onome Precious AWOSIGHO
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Strategic Responses ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Competitiveness Of Enterprises ◽  
Local Firms

As a result of the dynamics of globalization, the variegated economies of the world have become more homogenous, integrated, interrelated and interdependent. However, rather than becoming a veritable player in a network of interrelationship and interdependency, the African economy has increasingly become a powerless spectator in the theatre of globalization. Although there is a great deal of literature and research in this area of international business, most of it has concentrated on the multinational corporations and their effects on the host country’s economy. Research and literature in this field have mainly looked at protective measures and subsidies as the way out of foreign competition; it has rarely addressed competitive strategic responses of local firms to foreign multinational corporations operating in the local economies. Anchored on the resource-based view of the firm and the network interaction theory, the paper provides an alternative framework or a paradigm shift for analyzing the competitive options available to Africa’s local firms in a global market. From this paradigm shift, the competitive advantages of Africa’s local firms are conceptualized to be (i) a function of firm specific assets and (ii) the prevailing home market conditions. The method of inquiry adopted in this paper is textual deconstruction. The major contribution of this study to the existing globalization discourse is its shift of focus from the multinational corporation to the analysis of global competition from the perspective of the competitiveness of enterprises in less developed economies such as Africa. The suggested framework and paradigm shift can also be used by scholars to map strategic options for local enterprises in selected markets. Future research can subject the suggested framework to empirical scrutiny to see how well the arguments hold.

scholarly journals DEVELOPING A CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF AIRLINE SAFETY IN NEW ZEALAND: A SYSTEMS THINKING APPROACH

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Ong Su-Wuen ◽  
Robert Cavana ◽  
Mondher Sahli
Keyword(s):  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Airline Industry ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Causal Loop ◽  
Airline Safety ◽  
Air Transport Industry ◽  
Air Safety

Airline safety tends to result from a combination of many different circumstances that include technical, human, environmental and organizational factors. By using the systems thinking tools of qualitative system dynamics, this paper develops a conceptual causal loop diagram that connects possible influential factors on airline safety. This theoretical investigation constitutes a sound basis for the development of cause-effect relationships associated with accident and incident analysis in the air transport industry. Our findings suggest that causal loop modelling is a very useful tool for producing a comprehensive model of airline safety management that takes into account the multi-dimensional and complex nature of air safety mechanisms. It is hoped that the airline industry, and particularly air safety managers, will become more aware of the importance of this kind of modelling to mprove their airline safety management systems.

Social Responsibility of Authorities and Local Self-Government in Support of Integrated Development of Territories

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Victor Dubishchev ◽  
Olesia Hryhorieva ◽  
Iryna Makarenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Integrated Development ◽  
Responsible Behavior ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Intellectual Potential

The contemporary approaches to the development of territories are considered in the article. It is noted that the integrated European approach to the development of territories is increasingly being applied in Ukraine. The essence of integrated development, the stages of development of the Integrated Development Strategy (Concept Strategy), emphasized that understanding of the role and functions of government and local self-government in the development and implementation of integrated development of territories should be perceived not only as the current management task, but also as social responsibility to the community and society. The key aspects of socially responsible behavior of authorities and local self-government in ensuring integrated development of territories are determined. It is noted that the perception of the fulfillment of its functions as social responsibility will allow to effectively plan and implement the development plans of the territories, compete for investments and the best jobs; use the local resource of the territory to create competitive advantages of the region, provide motivation and the ability of "key players" to use competitive advantages and to cooperate effectively; create and maintain institutions that promote the use of intellectual potential, ongoing modernization and innovation in the region; to ensure the willingness and ability of key institutions to adapt to the challenges of the global economy.

The Entextualization of Ayurveda as Intellectual Property

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Wolfgram
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Linguistic Anthropology ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rights Discourse ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThis article documents the practices of pharmaceutical creativity in Ayurveda, focusing in particular on how practitioners appropriate multiple sources to innovate medical knowledge. Drawing on research in linguistic anthropology on the social circulation of discourse—a process calledentextualization—I describe how the ways in which Ayurveda practitioners innovate medical knowledge confounds the dichotomous logic of intellectual property (IP) rights discourse, which opposes traditional collective knowledge and modern individual innovation. While it is clear that these categories do not comprehend the complex nature of creativity in Ayurveda, I also use the concept of entextualization to describe how recent historical shifts in the circulation of discourse have caused a partial entailment of this opposition between the individual and the collectivity. Ultimately, I argue that the method exemplified in this article of tracking the social circulation of medical discourse highlights both the empirical complexity of so-called traditional creativity, and the politics of imposing the categories of IP rights discourse upon that creativity, situated as it often is, at the margins of the global economy.

Internationalization of emerging multinationals: the Latin American case

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 588-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Losada-Otálora ◽  
Lourdes Casanova
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Emerging Multinationals ◽  
Internationalization Strategies ◽  
American Case ◽  
Key Resources

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an analytical framework that challenges the condescending view of multinationals of emerging countries. In this paper, it is showed that emerging multinational companies (EMNCs) developed valuable resources that leveraged their internationalization strategies. Design/methodology/approach – An exploratory approach was used to investigate the internationalization strategies of EMNCs. A qualitative study was built on secondary data sources, particularly analysis of cases of the internationalization of Latin American companies. Findings – The internationalization strategies deployed by EMNCs are similar to the strategies of traditional multinationals (firms of developed countries). Similarly, EMNCs exploit, acquire or defend their resources in foreign markets. Additionally, the selection of each strategy depends on the availability, transferability and substitutability of the resources involved in the internationalization. Research limitations/implications – The traditional approaches that study the role of resources in the internationalization of the EMNCs have some shortcomings. It is worth conducting additional research including the approach developed here to advance in the comprehension of the behavior of EMNCs. Practical implications – Managers must identify and develop key resources to invest abroad. Additionally, managers need to take into account the characteristics of the resources of their firms to select an adequate strategy abroad. Originality/value – This paper shows that EMNCs are not resource laggards. Consequently, theoretical and empirical evidence is provided to advance the development of comprehensive theories of the internationalization of EMNCs. This paper offers academics and practitioners with a new focus to analyze the internationalization of EMNCs which are recognized as a driving force of the global economy.

scholarly journals CAUSE ANALYSIS OF CONTRACT AMENDMENT IN THE X DRY DAM CONSTRUCTION PROJECT IN INDONESIA

Neutron ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Novika Candra Fertilia ◽  
Hana Sary Ayuningtias
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Dam Construction ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Importance Index ◽  
S Curve ◽  
The Government

The government is building two dams to pursue flood capacity in Jakarta, one of which is the X Dry Dam project. There were obstacles during the construction of this project, which resulted in several changes in the form of contract amendments. The purpose of this study is to determine the most influential factors that cause contract amendments and give suggestions for that factors, so the next contract amendment can be minimized and the project can run according to the costs and time that has been set. In this study, the authors use quantitative research methods by distributing questionnaires to respondents who are staff at the contractor. Secondary data used is the S curve. This research uses 4 stages of the questionnaire by using the reliability test using SPSS version 25 software and data analysis of importance index (II). From the results of this study are the X Dry Dam Project has 5 factors that most influence the occurrence of contract amendments that are land acquisition (53.33%), severe weather conditions (52.19%), society refusal of the project (48.84%), lacking design process planning (42.12%), and schedule /estimated time by the owner is too fast (40.28%).

scholarly journals Alternative Strategies to Avoid Layoff in Airlines Industry During the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-83
Author(s):  
Padmalini Singh ◽  
Dilip D ◽  
Nuthan Jeevraj P ◽  
Yip Wei Hung ◽  
Daisy Mui Hung Kee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Airline Industry ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
Airline Company

This research was carried out to explore the layoff situation among the Airline industry during the COVID-19 pandemic and suggest the alternative strategies that would consider by the Airline company. The method used in this research is an online questionnaire distributed to 100 respondents as the primary data collection and the secondary data analysis from the empirical studies that can obtain from electronic and non-electronic media. The findings of this research indicated that one of the suggested alternative strategies, Furlough, is the most recommended one. However, Attrition and Hiring Freeze strategy has less recommended because of the low effectiveness of this strategy on downsizing companies. The study enables the airline company to consider the alternative strategies on their downsizing policy in order to minimize the employees and company loss.

Outward Foreign Direct Investment in Emerging Economies

2017 ◽  
pp. 244-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Oğuz Demir ◽  
Muhammad Moiz
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Outward Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Technological Readiness ◽  
Country Factors ◽  
Global Competitiveness Index

Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) has been utilized by developed economies to enter developing markets for competitive advantages. However, recent boom in OFDI from emerging economies has prompted the question as to why these economies are investing abroad? A modest amount of literature exists regarding China and India, however, Turkey being an emerging economy has been largely untapped when it comes to determinants of OFDI. This study uses the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) to find host and home country factors which have led to OFDI from Turkey to their top 10 investment destinations for the past 10 years. The host country factors found to be significantly correlated with Turkish OFDI are innovation (Netherlands and Russia), technological readiness (Russia and UK), labor market efficiency (Netherlands), infrastructure (Netherlands), domestic market size (Germany), and exports (UK). The home factors found to be significantly correlated with Turkish OFDI are infrastructure and domestic competition.

Technodata and the Need of a Responsible Industry 4.0

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Tabarés Gutiérrez ◽  
Javier Echeverría Ezponda
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Labor Rights ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
European Industry

The great transformation that will face European industry is driven by the need of digitizing the entire value chain around manufacturing for creating competitive advantages to maintain a dominant position in the global economy. This new paradigm is commonly known as Industry 4.0, and it has a significant policy support from the European Commission as well as different member states. However, this transition is full of uncertainties as the digitization of industry creates different concerns about employment, privacy, labor rights, and other issues related with this technological revolution. In this chapter, the authors trace back the origins of Industry 4.0 to the Web 2.0 phenomenon as well as they reflect upon the role of technodata and technofactories in a postindustrial society. Finally, they stress the need to reflect about developing a responsible digitization of industry that will consider societal concerns.

Restructuring and Globalization of Telecommunications Industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 1245-1265
Author(s):  
Sasmita Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Telecommunications Industry ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Information And Communication

Restructuring and globalization are very important for every technology sector. It provides key competitive advantages to the companies over their rivals. Telecommunications sector is an important strategic segment of the modern economy. Telecommunications is also an advanced technology sector and its restructuring is essential to optimize its revenues. Now it has been evolved to information and communication technologies (ICT), which is the main driving force of growth worldwide. In fact, ICT has paved the way for modern globalization. Overall, ICT and ICT-enabled sectors are among the main contributors of global economy. This sector has passed through several restructuring and evolves continuously. Its globalization is obvious as it is the main technology which promotes globalization. In this chapter, the authors provide the restructuring of telecommunications sectors since the time of its inception in the early 19th century. They also analyzed the strategic changes that promote the restructuring and globalization of this sector.

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