Creating Dementia-Friendly Communities for Social Inclusion: A Scoping Review

Aims: This scoping review explores key strategies of creating inclusive dementia-friendly communities that support people with dementia and their informal caregiver. Background: Social exclusion is commonly reported by people with dementia. Dementia-friendly community has emerged as an idea with potential to contribute to cultivating social inclusion. Methods: This scoping review follows the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology and took place between April and September 2020. The review included a three-step search strategy: (1) identifying keywords from CINAHL and AgeLine; (2) conducting a second search using all identified keywords and index terms across selected databases (CINAHL, AgeLine, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Google); and (3) hand-searching the reference lists of all included articles and reports for additional studies. Results: Twenty-nine papers were included in the review. Content analysis identified strategies for creating dementia-friendly communities: (a) active involvement of people with dementia and caregivers (b) inclusive environmental design; (c) public education to reduce stigma and raise awareness; and (d) customized strategies informed by theory. Conclusion: This scoping review provides an overview of current evidence on strategies supporting dementia-friendly communities for social inclusion. Future efforts should apply implementation science theories to inform strategies for education, practice, policy and future research.

Download Full-text

Creating dementia-friendly and inclusive communities for social inclusion: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035028 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. e035028

Author(s):

Lillian Hung ◽

Sharon Leitch ◽

Ryan Hung ◽

Alison Phinney

Keyword(s):

Social Exclusion ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Social Inclusion ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Future Research ◽

Public Health Response ◽

Education Practice ◽

People With Dementia ◽

At Home

IntroductionThe number of people with dementia is increasing worldwide, with the majority of people with dementia living at home in the community. WHO calls for global action on the public health response to dementia. Social exclusion is commonly reported by people with dementia and their families. Dementia-friendly and inclusive community has emerged as an idea that holds potential to contribute to the mitigation of social exclusion. The objective of the scoping review is to answer two questions: What social inclusion strategies that have been reported in the dementia-friendly and inclusive communities’ literature? What strategies for developing dementia-friendly and inclusive communities that have shown to improve social inclusion?Methods and analysisThis scoping review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology and will take place between April and September 2020. The proposed review will consider studies based in community settings with participants living at home with early to late stages of dementia and their families. This includes a three-step search strategy: (1) to identify keywords from MEDLINE and CINAHL; (2) to conduct a second search using all identified keywords and index terms across selected databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, AgeLine, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ProQuest and Google) and (3) to handsearch the reference lists of all included articles and reports for additional studies. Further, we will search Google for grey literature on published organisational reports. Two researchers will screen titles and abstracts independently and then assess the full text of selected citations against inclusion criteria. Extracted data will be presented in a narrative accompanied by tables that reflect the objective of the review.Ethics and disseminationAs the methodology of this study consists of collecting data from publicly available articles, it does not require ethics approval. This scoping review provides an overview of current evidence on strategies that support dementia-friendly and inclusive communities for social inclusion. The findings will offer insights to inform strategies for education, practice, policy and future research. We will share the scoping review results through conference presentations and an open-access publication in a peer-reviewed journal.

Download Full-text

The application of social innovation as it relates to older people and the implications for future policymaking: a scoping review

Quality in Ageing and Older Adults ◽

10.1108/qaoa-04-2020-0014 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 143-153

Author(s):

Holly Louise Crossen-White ◽

Ann Hemingway ◽

Adele Ladkin

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Social Innovation ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Future Research ◽

User Engagement ◽

Diverse Range ◽

Content Type ◽

Active Involvement ◽

Policy Responses

Purpose Social innovation has received increasing attention in recent decades (Agostini et al., 2017). This study aims to consider how the concept has been applied to the issue of ageing and what can be learnt about effective policy responses. Design/methodology/approach The acknowledged lack of understanding generally about the concept makes it timely to undertake a scoping review of the current evidence from social innovation projects associated with older people. A scoping review is considered appropriate where there is a need to “identify and analyse knowledge gaps” (Munn et al., 2018, p. 2). Findings Findings from the scoping review indicate that, as yet, the concept of social innovation is not fully defined. However, it has widespread appeal across a diverse range of disciplines and has the potential to generate innovative policy responses. Originality/value A key argument identified is the need to change the public’s perceptions of ageing and devise public policies that encourage and nurture age-friendly communities. In summation, although social innovation has the potential to act as a policy driver, but to be effective, it is necessary to devise robust strategies to ensure full user-engagement and active involvement of communities. Therefore, it is the process of delivery that needs urgent attention in any future research into social innovation.

Download Full-text

Providing trial results to participants in phase III pragmatic effectiveness RCTs: a scoping review

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-021-05300-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hanne Bruhn ◽

Elle-Jay Cowan ◽

Marion K. Campbell ◽

Lynda Constable ◽

Seonaidh Cotton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Search Strategy ◽

Phase Iii ◽

Future Research ◽

To Receive ◽

Emotional Effects ◽

Trial Participants ◽

Narrative Description ◽

Do So

Abstract Background There is an ethical imperative to offer the results of trials to those who participated. Existing research highlights that less than a third of trials do so, despite the desire of participants to receive the results of the trials they participated in. This scoping review aimed to identify, collate, and describe the available evidence relating to any aspect of disseminating trial results to participants. Methods A scoping review was conducted employing a search of key databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) from January 2008 to August 2019) to identify studies that had explored any aspect of disseminating results to trial participants. The search strategy was based on that of a linked existing review. The evidence identified describes the characteristics of included studies using narrative description informed by analysis of relevant data using descriptive statistics. Results Thirty-three eligible studies, including 12,700 participants (which included patients, health care professionals, trial teams), were identified and included. Reporting of participant characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity) across the studies was poor. The majority of studies investigated dissemination of aggregate trial results. The most frequently reported mode of disseminating of results was postal. Overall, the results report that participants evaluated receipt of trial results positively, with reported benefits including improved communication, demonstration of appreciation, improved retention, and engagement in future research. However, there were also some concerns about how well the dissemination was resourced and done, worries about emotional effects on participants especially when reporting unfavourable results, and frustration about the delay between the end of the trial and receipt of results. Conclusions This scoping review has highlighted that few high-quality evaluative studies have been conducted that can provide evidence on the best ways to deliver results to trial participants. There have been relatively few qualitative studies that explore perspectives from diverse populations, and those that have been conducted are limited to a handful of clinical areas. The learning from these studies can be used as a platform for further research and to consider some core guiding principles of the opportunities and challenges when disseminating trial results to those who participated.

Download Full-text

Research on simulation in radiography education: a scoping review protocol

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-020-01531-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mona Vestbøstad ◽

Klas Karlgren ◽

Nina Rydland Olsen

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Search Strategy ◽

Skills Training ◽

World Health ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Future Research ◽

Design Elements ◽

Ovid Medline ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Radiography Education

Abstract Background Today, there are fewer opportunities for health care students and staff for skills training through direct patient contact. The World Health Organization therefore recommends learning about patient safety through hands-on experience and simulation. Simulation has the potential to improve skills through training in a controlled environment, and simulation has a positive effect on knowledge and skills, and even patient-related outcomes. Reviews addressing the use of simulation across the different radiography specialties are lacking. Further knowledge on simulation in radiography education is needed to inform curriculum design and future research. The purpose of this scoping review is to explore, map, and summarize the extent, range, and nature of published research on simulation in radiography education. Methods We will follow the methodological framework for scoping reviews originally described by Arksey and O’Malley. We will search the MEDLINE, Embase, Epistemonikos, The Cochrane Library, ERIC, Scopus, and sources of grey literature. A comprehensive search strategy for Ovid MEDLINE was developed in collaboration with a research librarian. An example of a full electronic search from the Ovid MEDLINE (1641 articles records, January 9, 2020) is provided and will be used to adapt the search strategy to each database. Two independent review authors will screen all abstracts and titles, and full-text publications during a second stage. Next, they will extract data from each included study using a data extraction form informed by the aim of the study. A narrative account of all studies included will be presented. We will present a simple numerical analysis related to the extent, nature, and distribution of studies, and we will use content analysis to map the different simulation interventions and learning design elements reported. Any type of simulation intervention within all types of radiography specializations will be included. Our search strategy is not limited by language or date of publication. Discussion An overview of publications on simulation in radiography education across all radiography specialties will help to inform future research and will be useful for stakeholders within radiography education using simulation, both in the academic and clinical settings. Systematic review registration Open Science Framework (OSF). Submitted on October 18, 2020

Download Full-text

Complex Lifestyle and Psychological Intervention in Knee Osteoarthritis: Scoping Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182312757 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (23) ◽

pp. 12757

Author(s):

Bryan Yijia Tan ◽

Tivona Thach ◽

Yasmin Lynda Munro ◽

Soren Thorgaard Skou ◽

Julian Thumboo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Psychological Intervention ◽

Care Delivery ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Psychosocial Interventions ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Future Research ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Knee Oa

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) causes pain, disability and poor quality of life in the elderly. The primary aim was to identify and map out the current evidence for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on complex lifestyle and psychosocial interventions for knee OA. The secondary aim was to outline different components of complex lifestyle and psychosocial interventions. Our scoping review searched five databases from 2000 to 2021 where complex lifestyle or psychosocial interventions for patients with knee OA were compared to other interventions. Screening and data extraction were performed by two review authors independently and discrepancies resolved through consensus and in parallel with a third reviewer. A total of 38 articles were selected: 9 studied the effectiveness of psychological interventions; 11 were on self-management and lifestyle interventions; 18 looked at multifaceted interventions. This review highlights the substantial variation in knee OA interventions and the overall lack of quality in the current literature. Potential areas of future research, including identifying prognostic social factors, stratified care models, transdisciplinary care delivery and technology augmented interventions, have been identified. Further high-quality RCTs utilizing process evaluations and economic evaluation in accordance with the MRC guidelines are critical for the development of evidence-based knee OA programs globally.

Download Full-text

A systematic review of interventions to improve acute hospital care for people with dementia

10.21203/rs.2.22248/v3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Melanie Karrer ◽

Angela Schnelli ◽

Adelheid Zeller ◽

Hanna Mayer

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Hospital Care ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Future Research ◽

Acute Hospital Care ◽

Hand Search ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Acute Hospitals ◽

Delirium Management ◽

Study Designs

Abstract The aim of this study was to provide an overview of interventions targeting hospital care of patients with dementia. We conducted a systematic review, including interventional study designs. We searched five electronic databases, conducted a hand search and performed citation tracking. To assess risk of bias, we used Cochrane Collaboration’s tool, ROBANS and AMSTAR. We narratively summarized the outcomes.The findings of twenty studies indicated a broad range of interventions and outcomes. We categorised the interventions into eight intervention types. Educational programmes were the most reported intervention type and resulted in improved staff outcomes. Family-/person-centred care programmes, use of specially trained nurses and delirium management programmes were effective in improving patient-related outcomes. However, current evidence is insufficient to declare which interventions are effective in improving dementia care in acute hospitals. Future research should focus on relevant patient and family caregiver outcomes and must to consider the complexity of the interventions. Trial registration: PROSPERO: CRD42018111032.

Download Full-text

Patients’ and psychiatrists’ perspectives on clozapine treatment—a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054308 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. e054308

Author(s):

Michelle Iris Jakobsen ◽

Ole Jakob Storebø ◽

Stephen Fitzgerald Austin ◽

Jimmi Nielsen ◽

Erik Simonsen

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Patient Perspectives ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Future Research ◽

Clozapine Treatment ◽

Primary Literature ◽

Conference Presentations ◽

Review Protocol

IntroductionThe atypical antipsychotic clozapine has shown superior efficacy compared with other antipsychotics and is the gold standard for treating otherwise treatment resistant schizophrenia. However, multiple studies have found that clozapine is underutilised in most parts of the world. A few reviews of literature addressing barriers to clozapine prescribing have been conducted. While there is some variation in the literature included in these reviews, a common feature of the studies included is that they primarily focus on clinical staff’s attitudes and perceived barriers for prescribing. Studies of patient perspectives are only sparsely included. A preliminary literature search revealed though, that additional literature on the subject exists, including literature on patient perspectives. It is therefore difficult to conclude if the formerly synthesised literature is representative of current evidence or if the topic has been adequately investigated to inform clinical practice. A scoping review is warranted in order to map and synthesise primary literature on patients’ and psychiatrists’ perspectives on clozapine treatment, and to identify gaps for future research.Methods and analysisThe electronic databases Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, Psychinfo, MEDLINE and EMBASE will be searched for relevant publications, supplied with searches of Google scholar, The Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations and OpenGrey. Citation tracking of selected studies will furthermore be undertaken. Two researchers will independently screen and extract data. Data will be collated to provide a descriptive summary of the literature, along with a qualitative content analysis of key findings. Identified gaps in research will be accompanied by recommendations for future investigations.Ethics and disseminationFindings will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal and conference presentations. The scoping review does not require ethics approval.

Download Full-text

Improving breastfeeding support through the implementation of the baby friendly hospital and community initiatives: a scoping review protocol

HRB Open Research ◽

10.12688/hrbopenres.13180.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Aisling Walsh ◽

Pieternella Pieterse ◽

Zoe McCormack ◽

Ellen Chirwa ◽

Anne Matthews

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Best Practice ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

World Health ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Future Research ◽

Breastfeeding Support ◽

Quantitative Descriptive Analysis ◽

Global Campaign ◽

Scoping Reviews

Background: Improved breastfeeding practices have the potential to save the lives of over 823,000 children under 5 years old globally every year. Exclusively breastfeeding infants for the first six months would lead to the largest infant mortality reduction. The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) is a global campaign by the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), which promotes best practice to support breastfeeding in maternity services. The Baby-Friendly Community Initiative (BFCI) is an extension of the BHFI’s 10 th step of the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding and of the BFHI overall. Its focus is on community-based breastfeeding supports for women. There have been no known attempts to synthesise the overall body of evidence on the BFHI in recent years, and no synthesis of empirical research on the BFCI. This scoping review asks the question: what is known about the implementation of the BFHI and the BFCI globally? Methods and analysis: This scoping review will be conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. Inclusion criteria will follow the Population, Concepts, Contexts approach. A data charting form will be developed and applied to all the included articles. Qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis will be undertaken. The PAGER (Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence for practice and Research recommendations) methodological framework will be used to analyse and report review findings. Conclusion: This review will establish gaps in current evidence which will inform areas for future research in relation to this global initiative.

Download Full-text

Epidemiology of sleep disorders during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic scoping review protocol

10.1101/2020.05.17.20104794 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Samia Tasnim ◽

Mariya Rahman ◽

Priyanka Pawar ◽

Liye Zou ◽

Abida Sultana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Professional Community ◽

Health Problems ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Future Research ◽

Scoping Reviews

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is impacting human health globally. In addition to physical health problems, a growing burden of mental health problems has become a global concern amid this pandemic. Sleep disorders are major mental health problems associated with increased psychosocial stressors; however, no research synthesis is available on the epidemiology of sleep disorders. In this systematic scoping review, we aim to assess the current evidence on the epidemiological burden, associated factors, and interventions from the existing literature on sleep disorders. Methods: We will search seven major health databases and additional sources to identify, evaluate, and synthesize empirical studies on the prevalence and correlates of sleep disorders and available interventions addressing the same. We will use the Joanna Briggs Institute Methodology for Scoping Review and report the findings using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. Conclusion: This review will identify the epidemiological burden of and interventions for sleep disorders. The findings of this review will be widely communicated with the research and professional community to facilitate future research and practice.

Download Full-text

Exploring the Use of Telemonitoring for Patients at High Risk for Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy in the Antepartum and Postpartum Periods: Scoping Review

JMIR mhealth and uhealth ◽

10.2196/15095 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. e15095 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Maria Aquino ◽

Sarah Munce ◽

Janessa Griffith ◽

Maureen Pakosh ◽

Mikayla Munnery ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

High Risk ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Underserved Populations ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Future Research ◽

Control Group ◽

Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽

Hypertensive Disorders ◽

Risk Pregnancy

Background High blood pressure complicates 2% to 8% of pregnancies, and its complications are present in the antepartum and postpartum periods. Blood pressure during and after pregnancy is routinely monitored during clinic visits. Some guidelines recommend using home blood pressure measurements for the management and treatment of hypertension, with increased frequency of monitoring for high-risk pregnancies. Blood pressure self-monitoring may have a role in identifying those in this high-risk group. Therefore, this high-risk pregnancy group may be well suited for telemonitoring interventions. Objective The aim of this study was to explore the use of telemonitoring in patients at high risk for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) during the antepartum and postpartum periods. This paper aims to answer the following question: What is the current knowledge base related to the use of telemonitoring interventions for the management of patients at high risk for HDP? Methods A literature review following the methodological framework described by Arksey et al and Levac et al was conducted to analyze studies describing the telemonitoring of patients at high risk for HDP. A qualitative study, observational studies, and randomized controlled trials were included in this scoping review. Results Of the 3904 articles initially identified, 20 met the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies (13/20, 65%) were published between 2017 and 2018. In total, there were 16 unique interventions described in the 20 articles, all of which provide clinical decision support and 12 of which are also used to facilitate the self-management of HDP. Each intervention’s design and process of implementation varied. Overall, telemonitoring interventions for the management of HDP were found to be feasible and convenient, and they were used to facilitate access to health services. Two unique studies reported significant findings for the telemonitoring group, namely, spontaneous deliveries were more likely, and one study, reported in two papers, described inductions as being less likely to occur compared with the control group. However, the small study sample sizes, nonrandomized groups, and short study durations limit the findings from the included articles. Conclusions Although current evidence suggests that telemonitoring could provide benefits for managing patients at high risk for HDP, more research is needed to prove its safety and effectiveness. This review proposes four recommendations for future research: (1) the implementation of large prospective studies to establish the safety and effectiveness of telemonitoring interventions; (2) additional research to determine the context-specific requirements and patient suitability to enhance accessibility to healthcare services for remote regions and underserved populations; (3) the inclusion of privacy and security considerations for telemonitoring interventions to better comply with healthcare information regulations and guidelines; and (4) the implementation of studies to better understand the effective components of telemonitoring interventions.

Download Full-text