A 12 Years Neonatal Mortality Rate and Its Predictors in Eastern Ethiopia

Introduction. Surviving and thriving of newborn is essential to ending extreme poverty. However, the surviving and thriving of new born is depends on where neonates are born. The true feature of neonatal mortality rate and trends is not well known in the study area. Thus, we aimed to estimate a neonatal mortality incidence in each year, and determine factors associated though pregnancy observation cohort study in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods. The study was conducted in Kersa Health Demographic Surveillance System (KHDSS) among 36 kebeles. We extracted all events (38 541 live birth and 776 neonatal death) occurred between January 1, 2008 and December 30, 2019. Neonatal mortality rate was presented by neonatal death per 1000 live birth with 95% confidence interval in each years, and trends of neonatal morality was described with line regression. Cox proportional regression model was used to assess predictors and presented with an adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) and 95% CI. Results. The estimated cumulative average of neonatal mortality rate in this study was 20.3 (95% CI: 18.9-21.8) per 1000 live births. The rate was decline with regression coefficient β = −1.60. Risk of neonatal death was found to be significantly associated with neonate born to mother living in rural Kersa (AHR = 5.31; 95% CI: 3.07-9.18), born to mother not receiving antenatal care (AHR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.15-1.78), low birthweight (AHR = 2.59; 95% CI: 2.05-3.27), and preterm newborn (AHR = 12.10; 95% CI: 9.23-15.86). Conclusion. Neonatal mortality in the study site is far from reaching the national and global target goals.

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Early neonatal mortality rate and the risk factors in Wangaya hospital

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi48.5.2008.306-11 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

pp. 306

Author(s):

Made Lndah Nastiti Utami Budha ◽

Wayan Retayasa ◽

Made Kardana

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Neonatal Death ◽

Early Neonatal Death ◽

Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽

Early Neonatal Mortality ◽

Early Neonatal Mortality Rate

Background The first week of life of a neonate is a critical period.In Asia, early neonatal mortality rate remains high.Objective To investigate early neonatal mortality rate and the riskfactors in Wangaya Hospital.Methods A cross sectional study was carried out retrospectivelyon neonates registered at Perinatology Unit, Wangaya HospitalDenpasar, Bali since January 2006. The study was done fromOctober to November 2007. Data was obtained from medicalrecord, analyzed as univariate using chi-square test or Fisher'sexact test and multivariate logistic regression analysis model.Results Early neonatal mortality rate in Wangaya Hospital was 38.7per 1000 livebirths. Univariate analyses showed that there werefive significant risk factors of early neonatal death, i.e., respiratorydistress, asphyxia, birth weight less than 2500 grams, sepsis, andgestational age less than 3 7 weeks. Multivariate analysis showedthat those five variables were significant as risk factors of earlyneonatal death i.e., OR (95% confidence interval) for respiratorydistress: 16.8 (3.7 to 76.6)], asphyxia: 13.5 (6.1 to 29.9)], birthweight <2500 grams: 8.1 (3.3 to 19.9)], sepsis: 7.3 (3.1 to 17.1),and gestational age <37 weeks: 3.5 (1.6 to 7.8)].Conclusions Early neonatal mortality rate in Wangaya Hospitalremains high. Respiratory distress, asphyxia, birth weight <2500gram, sepsis, and gestational age <37 weeks were independent riskfactors of early neonatal death.

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Time Trends in Characteristics and Outcome of Twin Pregnancies

Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae twin research ◽

10.1017/s0001566000002622 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 181-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

L. Moreault ◽

S. Marcoux ◽

J. Fabia ◽

S. Tennina

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Low Birthweight ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Fetal Mortality ◽

Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Twin Pregnancies ◽

Over Time

AbstractThis study describes the evolution in fetal and neonatal mortality rates among twin pairs born in 22 hospitals located in the eastern regions of the province of Quebec in 1976-1978 (n = 776 pairs) and 1982-1985 (n = 712 pairs). It also assesses the contribution of maternal factors, obstetrical care and characteristics of twins in the variation of the risk of death over time. The fetal mortality rate did not improve from 1976-1978 (22.6 per 1000) to 1982-1985 (28.1 per 1000). However, the neonatal mortality rate declined from 44.7 to 34.7 per 1000 liveborn first twins and from 56.8 to 36.1 per 1000 liveborn second twins. For first twins as for second twins, birthweight-specific neonatal mortality rates decreased within birth weight categories under 2500 g. In the second period, 96.9% of twin pregnancies were detected before confinement compared to 59.6% in the earlier period. The proportion of twins delivered by obstetricians, the percentage of twin births occurring in ultraspecialized perinatal units and the frequency of caesarean sections increased markedly. The proportion of preterm births increased over time (34.5% vs 43.1%) whereas the percentage of low birthweight twins decreased but not significantly (54.3% 51.6%). In this study, changes in maternal age, parity, educational level, sex of pairs, qualification of the physician, and level of care available at the hospital of birth, did not account for the decrease in neonatal mortality rates among twins. The increase in the frequency of caesarean sections seemed to explain only a small proportion of the decrease in the neonatal mortality rate among second twins. In the second as well as in the first period, the neonatal mortality rate for twins was six times higher than that for singletons.

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The Trends of Neonatal Mortality Rate Among South East Asia Countries from 2000-2017

Disease Prevention and Public Health Journal ◽

10.12928/dpphj.v14i2.1912 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 90

Author(s):

Sani Rachman Soleman

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Health Services ◽

Health System ◽

East Asia ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Live Birth ◽

Birth Asphyxia ◽

The Other ◽

South East Asia ◽

Neonatal Mortality Rate

Background: Neonatal MortalityRate (NMR) reflects the quality of health services provided by the government. It is very important to disclose the health system capability of each country in managing mother and child health programs because it is an essential health policy that should be prioritized. The health system capability of a country will determine the welfare and social guarantee because most of NMR causes are preventable. Several components such as maternal factors, neonatal and health services were determined as predictors of NMR. The objective of this study is to compare neonatal mortality trends among eight South East Asia Countries (SEAC) from 2000 to 2017. Method: A cross-sectional design was used to analyze the data regarding the causes of neonatal death between 2000 and 2017. Data were taken from World Health Organization Maternal Child Epidemiology Estimation (WHO MCEE) database.The collected data were live birth; neonatal mortality rate; and the big five of neonatal mortality etiologies in the eight SEAC. Data were then analyzed descriptively with line chart to describe the trend of NMR. Result: This study found that Indonesia had the highest neonatal mortality rate, yet the trend decreased gradually from 102.700 in 2000 to 60.986 in 2017, followed by Philippines, Vietnam, Myanmar, Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, and Malaysia respectively. On the other hand, the trend of live birth was the lowest in Indonesia and the highest in Philippines . According to the data regarding the leading cause of NMR, preterm birth was the major cause of neonatal mortality followed by birth asphyxia and congenital defects. Conclusion: Indonesia has the highest mortality rate, yet the etiology such as as premature birth, asphyxia, and congenital disorder is similar to the other eight countries.

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State Reporting of Live Births of Newborns Weighing Less Than 500 Grams: Impact on Neonatal Mortality Rates

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.78.5.850 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 78 (5) ◽

pp. 850-854

Author(s):

Ann L. Wilson ◽

Lawrence J. Fenton ◽

David P. Munson

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Live Birth ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

World Health ◽

Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽

Live Births ◽

The World ◽

Definition Of ◽

Health Organization

The National Center for Health Statistics reports that in 1983 65% of all infant deaths in the United States occurred in the neonatal period. Of these reported neonatal deaths, 17% were of infants weighing less than 500 g at birth. There was, however, variation in state-reported incidence of live births of newborns in this weight cohort (0.2 to 2.2 per 1,000 live births). Thé states with the lowest neonatal mortality rate have the lowest incidence of birth weights less than 500 g (ρ = .77). If it is assumed that mortality for this weight category is nearly 100%, there is marked variation (5% to 32%) in the contribution of this weight cohort to a state's total neonatal mortality rate. Contributing to this variation may be definitions of live birth used by states. The World Health Organization defines a live birth as the product of conception showing signs of life "irrespective of the duration of pregnancy" and this definition is used by 33 states. Only one state (Ohio) includes the gestational criteria of "at least 20 weeks" in its definition of live birth. There is evidence to suggest that definitions are not uniformly used within individual states. For example, in 1983, 20 states did not report any live births with weights less than 500 g among their "other" populations of nonwhite, nonblack residents. Half of these states, however, use the World Health Organization definition of live birth. Despite the exclusionary wording in Ohio's definition of live birth, 16% of newborns who died in that state had birth weights less than 500 g. Inconsistency in state definitions and possible variations in reporting live births less than 500 g affect state comparisons of infant and neonatal mortality rates.

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Trends for Neonatal Deaths in Nepal (2001–2016) to Project Progress Towards the SDG Target in 2030, and Risk Factor Analyses to Focus Action

Maternal and Child Health Journal ◽

10.1007/s10995-019-02826-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (S1) ◽

pp. 5-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ashish Kc ◽

Anjani Kumar Jha ◽

Mahendra Prasad Shrestha ◽

Hong Zhou ◽

Abhishek Gurung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Action Plan ◽

Child Survival ◽

Current Trend ◽

Wealth Quintile ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽

Neonatal Deaths ◽

Factors Associated

Abstract Introduction Nepal has made considerable progress on improving child survival during the Millennium Development Goal period, however, further progress will require accelerated reduction in neonatal mortality. Neonatal survival is one of the priorities for Sustainable Development Goals 2030. This paper examines the trends, equity gaps and factors associated with neonatal mortality between 2001 and 2016 to assess the likelihood of Every Newborn Action Plan (ENAP) target being reached in Nepal by 2030. Methods This study used data from the 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys. We examined neonatal mortality rate (NMR) across the socioeconomic strata and the annual rate of reduction (ARR) between 2001 and 2016. We assessed association of socio-demographic, maternal, obstetric and neonatal factors associated with neonatal mortality. Based on the ARR among the wealth quintile between 2001 and 2016, we made projection of NMR to achieve the ENAP target. Using the Lorenz curve, we calculated the inequity distribution among the wealth quintiles between 2001 and 2016. Results In NDHS of 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016, a total of 8400, 8600, 13,485 and 13,089 women were interviewed respectively. There were significant disparities between wealth quintiles that widened over the 15 years. The ARR for NMR declined with an average of 4.0% between 2001 and 2016. Multivariate analysis of the 2016 data showed that women who had not been vaccinated against tetanus had the highest risk of neonatal mortality (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 3.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20–9.55), followed by women who had no education (AOR 1.87; 95% CI 1.62–2.16). Further factors significantly associated with neonatal mortality were the mother giving birth before the age of 20 (AOR 1.76; CI 95% 1.17–2.59), household air pollution (AOR 1.37; CI 95% 1.59–1.62), belonging to a poorest quintile (AOR 1.37; CI 95% 1.21–1.54), residing in a rural area (AOR 1.28; CI 95% 1.13–1.44), and having no toilet at home (AOR 1.21; CI 95% 1.06–1.40). If the trend of neonatal mortality rate of 2016 continues, it is projected that the poorest family will reach the ENAP target in 2067. Conclusions Although neonatal mortality is declining in Nepal, if the current trend continues it will take another 50 years for families in the poorest group to attain the 2030 ENAP target. There are different factors associated with neonatal mortality, reducing the disparities for maternal and neonatal care will reduce mortality among the poorest families.

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Maternal education and age: inequalities in neonatal death

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.11606/s1518-8787.2017051007013 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 94 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sandra Costa Fonseca ◽

Patricia Viana Guimarães Flores ◽

Kenneth Rochel Camargo Junior ◽

Rejane Sobrino Pinheiro ◽

Claudia Medina Coeli

Keyword(s):

Information System ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Adolescent Mothers ◽

Neonatal Death ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽

Low Education ◽

Education Levels ◽

Low Levels

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the interaction between maternal age and education level in neonatal mortality, as well as investigate the temporal evolution of neonatal mortality in each stratum formed by the combination of these two risk factors. METHODS: A nonconcurrent cohort study, resulting from a probabilistic relationship between the Mortality Information System and the Live Birth Information System. To investigate the risk of neonatal death we performed a logistic regression, with an odds ratio estimate for the combined variable of maternal education and age, as well as the evaluation of additive and multiplicative interaction. The neonatal mortality rate time series, according to maternal education and age, was estimated by the Joinpoint Regression program. RESULTS: The neonatal mortality rate in the period was 8.09‰ and it was higher in newborns of mothers with low education levels: 12.7‰ (adolescent mothers) and 12.4‰ (mother 35 years old or older). Low level of education, without the age effect, increased the chance of neonatal death by 25% (OR = 1.25, 95%CI 1.14–1.36). The isolated effect of age on neonatal death was higher for adolescent mothers (OR = 1.39, 95%CI 1.33–1.46) than for mothers aged ≥ 35 years (OR = 1.16, 95%CI 1.09–1.23). In the time-trend analysis, no age group of women with low education levels presented a reduction in the neonatal mortality rate for the period, as opposed to women with intermediate or high levels of education, where the reduction was significant, around 4% annually. CONCLUSIONS: Two more vulnerable groups – adolescents with low levels of education and older women with low levels of education – were identified in relation to the risk of neonatal death and inequality in reducing the mortality rate.

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Effect of Women's Autonomy on Neonatal Mortality and Associated Factors in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-135763/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Habtamu Dessie

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Postnatal Care ◽

Neonatal Death ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽

Women’S Autonomy ◽

Health Institution ◽

Death Risk ◽

Women's Autonomy

Abstract Introduction: Women’s decision-making autonomy is extremely important for the development of maternal, neonatal, and child healthcare utilization. However, there's no evidence on the association of women’s decision-making autonomy with neonatal mortality rate at a national level in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of women's autonomy on neonatal mortality rate and its associated factors in Ethiopia. Methods: A total of 5,128 neonates born 5 years before the survey from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016 were reviewed. A multivariable logistic regression model was employed to assess the effect of women's autonomy and identify the determinate predictors of neonate death risk. Results: The rate of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia was 20.7 per 1000 live births). Women's hadn't autonomy in health care increase neonatal death by 2.72 times compared with those that had autonomy. Hadn’t postnatal care was caused to grown neonatal death by 5.48 times (AOR 5.48, 95%CI: 1.29, 23.26). Delivering at a health institution had 0.61 times lowered neonatal death risk compared with delivering at of health institution without a health facility(AOR 0.61, 95% CI: 0.38,0.97). Breastfeeding immediately within 1hr after birth had 0.17 times reduce neonatal death risk compared with not initiation of breastfeeding(AOR 0.17, 95% CI: 0.12,0.26). Women's gave birth single had 0.09 times reduced neonatal death risk than those that gave birth multiple (AOR 0.09, 95% CI: 0.05,0.18). Unknowingly, male neonates had a 1.84 times higher risk of death than females (AOR 1.84, 95%CI: 1.20,2.81). Conclusion: Neonatal mortality rate was significantly related to women's hadn't deciding power on health care, hadn’t postnatal care, delivered out of health institution, breastfed not immediately, and gave birth multiple. It is important to encourage mothers autonomy, use postnatal care service, and deliver in health institutions.

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Comparison of Factors Associated with the Neonatal Mortality Rate in Fars Province before and after Implementing the Health Section Evolution: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Evidence Based Health Policy Management and Economics ◽

10.18502/jebhpme.v5i1.5645 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Khalil Alimohammadzadeh ◽

Farshad Falahati ◽

Hassan Karami ◽

Hamidreza Parsa ◽

Maryam Shirvani Shiri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Fars Province ◽

Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Before And After

Background: The neonatal period or the first 28 days after birth is a critical and vulnerable time for a child period, and the mortality rate is high due to the severe problems which might happen during this period. The goal of this study was to compare the risk factors associated with the neonatal mortality rate (NMR) before and after the implementation of the health sector evolution plan (HSEP) in Fars Province, Iran. Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study. This research was conducted using the census method, and 275951 newborns’ files were studied. Variables are expressed as percentage and frequency. The chi-square test and Fisher tests was used to measure the significance level of variables. A multivariate logistic regression model was also used to estimate the odds ratio of neonatal mortality and risk factors associated with neonatal mortality. All statistical tests were performed bilaterally with P-value < 0.05 considered as significant. All tests were conducted using the software SPSS19. Results: After HSEP, risk factors of pregnancy and delivery complications were significantly reduced, and abnormalities were significantly increased (P-value < 0.001). Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, the risk of death is nine times more in gestational age below 37 weeks compared to gestational age over 37 weeks. The chances of neonatal mortality among neonates weighing less than 1000 grams are much more, and it is about 140 times more than normal weight (over 2500 grams). There was not a significant relationship between the chance of neonatal mortality and the implementation of HSEP (P-value > 0.05). Conclusion: Neonates with abnormal weight and premature neonates had the highest chance of death. Therefore, the prevention of preterm labor and low-birth-weight infants are essential factors in reducing neonatal mortality. This study suggests that improved health service quality is determinative to decrease neonatal mortality rate.

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