scholarly journals COVID-19 Vaccine Willingness and Hesitancy Among Marshallese Pacific Islanders

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 237437352110564
Author(s):  
Pearl A. McElfish ◽  
Don E. Willis ◽  
Cari Bogulski ◽  
Meetu Kelen ◽  
Sheldon Riklon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Vaccine Trial ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Health Insurance Status ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Group Variation

COVID-19 has disproportionally burdened racial and ethnic minorities. Minority populations report greater COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy; however, no studies document COVID-19 vaccine willingness among Marshallese or any Pacific Islander group, who are often underrepresented in research. This study documents United States (US) Marshallese Pacific Islanders’: willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine, willingness to participate in vaccine trials, and sociodemographic factors associated with willingness. From July 27, 2020-November 22, 2020, a convenience sample of US Marshallese adults were recruited through e-mail, phone calls, and a Marshallese community Facebook page to participate in an online survey. Of those surveyed (n = 120), 32.5% were extremely likely to get the COVID-19 vaccine; 20.8% were somewhat likely; 14.2% were unlikely or very unlikely; and 26.7% stated they did not know or were not sure. Only 16.7% stated they were willing to participate in a COVID-19 vaccine trial. Vaccine willingness was positively associated with older age, higher income, and longer US residence. Health insurance status and having a primary care provider were positively associated with vaccine willingness. Findings demonstrate within-group variation in COVID-19 vaccine willingness.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy in a Population-Based Sample in Italy

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 633
Author(s):  
Marco Del Riccio ◽  
Sara Boccalini ◽  
Lisa Rigon ◽  
Massimiliano Alberto Biamonte ◽  
Giuseppe Albora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Trust In Institutions ◽  
General Adult Population ◽  
High Level

Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 represents an effective and safe tool to protect the population against the disease; however, COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy could be a major barrier to achieving herd immunity. Despite the severity of the current pandemic, the population’s intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19 is still not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19 among a convenience sample of the general population resident in Italy and the factors associated with hesitancy and acceptance of the vaccine in the context of the current pandemic before the rolling out of COVID-19 vaccines. An anonymous online survey was diffused among a general adult population living in Italy. Participants aged 18 or older and living in Italy were considered eligible. Incomplete questionnaires were excluded. Overall, 7605 valid questionnaires were collected. Most of the participants (81.9%) were inclined to get vaccinated; male sex (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.12–1.71), a high level of trust in institutions (OR 3.93, 95% CI 2.04–7.83), and personal beliefs about high safety of COVID-19 vaccines (OR 56.33, 95% CI 31.57–105.87) were found to be among the significant predictors of COVID-19 acceptance. These data could help design larger studies to address the problem of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the current pandemic.

Correlation of education, age, and health insurance status with attitudes about and preferences for direct-to-consumer BRCA testing

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e22116-e22116
Author(s):  
S. W. Gray ◽  
D. Smith ◽  
L. Karp ◽  
C. O'Grady ◽  
R. Hornik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Brca Testing ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Health Insurance Status ◽  
Direct To Consumer ◽  
Positive Attitudes

e22116 Background: Direct-to-consumer (DTC) cancer genetic testing is increasingly common. However, little is know about peoples' attitudes about or preferences for DTC testing as compared to clinic-based genetic testing. Methods: We surveyed a convenience sample of 257 women without prior BRCA testing/counseling experience about their attitudes about and intentions to get online BRCA testing (90% participation rate). Subjects completed baseline interviews, viewed a modified commercial DTC website and completed an online survey. Results: Sample characteristics: mean age 37 (range 19–71), 80% white, mean education 3 years college, 45% with a household income <$50,000, 3% with a history of breast/ovarian cancer and mean Frank risk 4.7%. 64% of women expressed interest in BRCA testing at baseline and 24% intended to get tested in the next year. After viewing the website, 22% of women said that they would prefer DTC testing, 60% said that they would prefer clinic-based testing and 18% were indifferent. Overall, women believed that DTC testing would be more convenient (p <0.001), offer greater privacy (p <0.01), and be less likely to lead to discrimination (p <0.001) while clinic testing would provide more information (p <0.001) and counseling (p <0.001). After adjusting for confounders, older and less highly educated women had more positive attitudes about DTC BRCA testing (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 4.20, p= 0.02 and OR 10.3, p=0.03 high school (HS) vs. college and OR 16.1, p=0.02 HS vs. graduate school). Women with no health insurance and more positive attitudes about DTC genetic testing were more likely to prefer DTC genetic testing over clinic testing (adjusted OR 3.1, p=0.03 and OR 3.7, p<0.01). There were no associations between race and outcomes. Conclusions: A substantial minority of women expressed a preference for DTC BRCA testing after viewing a modified commercial website. Preferential interest in DTC testing by less educated and uninsured populations makes it especially critical that these sites provide high quality services. Without high quality service, the availability of DTC testing may only exacerbate disparities in genetic services and prevention. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Risk, Trust, and Flawed Assumptions: Vaccine Hesitancy During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid V. Ebrahimi ◽  
Miriam S. Johnson ◽  
Sara Ebling ◽  
Ole Myklebust Amundsen ◽  
Øyvind Halsøy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Natural Immunity ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: The pace at which the present pandemic and future public health crises involving viral infections are eradicated heavily depends on the availability and routine implementation of vaccines. This process is further affected by a willingness to vaccinate, embedded in the phenomenon of vaccine hesitancy. The World Health Organization has listed vaccine hesitancy among the greatest threats to global health, calling for research to identify the factors associated with this phenomenon. Methods: The present study seeks to investigate the psychological, contextual, and sociodemographic factors associated with vaccination hesitancy in a large sample of the adult population. 4571 Norwegian adults were recruited through an online survey between January 23 to February 2, 2021. Subgroup analyses and multiple logistic regression was utilized to identify the covariates of vaccine hesitancy. Results: Several subgroups hesitant toward vaccination were identified, including males, rural residents, and parents with children below 18 years of age. No differences were found between natives and non-natives, across education or age groups. Individuals preferring unmonitored media platforms (e.g., information from peers, social media, online forums, and blogs) more frequently reported hesitance towards vaccination than those relying on information obtainment from source-verified platforms. Perceived risk of vaccination, belief in the superiority of natural immunity, fear concerning significant others being infected by the virus, and trust in health officials’ dissemination of vaccine-related information were identified as key variables related to vaccine hesitancy. Conclusions: Given the heterogeneous range of variables associated with vaccine hesitancy, additional strategies to eradicate vaccination fears are called for aside from campaigns targeting the spread of false information. Responding to affective reactions in addition to involving other community leaders besides government and health officials present promising approaches that may aid in combating vaccination hesitation.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy, Fear of Infection, and Protection Self-Efficacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110407
Author(s):  
Pearl A. McElfish ◽  
Don E. Willis ◽  
Sumit K. Shah ◽  
Keneshia Bryant-Moore ◽  
Martha O. Rojo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
General Trust ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Race And Education

Objectives: Arkansas COVID-19 vaccine uptake has been lower than the national average. This study examined associations between sociodemographic factors and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, fear of infection, and protection self-efficacy. Methods: Adults either residing, having employment, or receiving health care in Arkansas (n = 754) participated in an online survey between October 30, 2020 and January 16, 2021. Participants were recruited in both rural and urban areas from 6 Arkansas primary care clinics. Survey questions addressed sociodemographic factors, COVID-19 infection fear, protection self-efficacy, and COVID-19 vaccine attitudes. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess associations between dependent variables and respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19 infection fear, and COVID-19 protection self-efficacy. Results: About 38% of participants reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Age, sex, race, and education were significantly associated with COVID-19 and general vaccine attitudes. Odds of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy decreased as age increased (OR = 0.98; P < .01). Women had higher odds of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy than men (OR = 1.52; P < .05). Respondents with a high school diploma and below and respondents with some college or a technical degree had greater odds of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (OR = 2.58; P < .001; and OR = 1.97; P < .01, respectively) compared to respondents with a 4-year college degree. Black/African American respondents had greater odds of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy compared to White respondents (OR = 3.08; P < .001). No significant difference was observed among rural and urban respondents regarding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy; however, respondents in rural areas were more likely to report low general vaccine trust compared to those in urban areas (OR = 1.87; P < .01). Respondents reporting no fear (OR = 5.51; P < .001) and very little fear (OR = 1.95; P < .05) of COVID-19 had greater odds of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy compared to respondents who feared COVID-19 infection to a great extent. Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and general trust in vaccines differ significantly among age, sex, race, and education. These trust and hesitancy patterns are challenges for achieving population immunity and follow similar patterns of vulnerability to COVID-19. Vaccination programs and interventions must consider these differences in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and general vaccine trust to alleviate COVID-19 disparities. Findings make a significant contribution in evaluating vaccine hesitancy among a large, diverse sample from a rural state.

scholarly journals Parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy for children: vulnerability in an urban hotspot

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina L. Alfieri ◽  
Jennifer D. Kusma ◽  
Nia Heard-Garris ◽  
Matthew M. Davis ◽  
Emily Golbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cook County ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Publicly Insured

Abstract Objective To compare hesitancy toward a future COVID-19 vaccine for children of various sociodemographic groups in a major metropolitan area, and to understand how parents obtain information about COVID-19. Methods Cross-sectional online survey of parents with children < 18 years old in Chicago and Cook County, Illinois, in June 2020. We used logistic regression to determine the odds of parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (VH) for racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups, controlling for sociodemographic factors and the sources where parents obtain information regarding COVID-19. Results Surveys were received from 1702 parents and 1425 were included in analyses. Overall, 33% of parents reported VH for their child. COVID-19 VH was higher among non-Hispanic Black parents compared with non-Hispanic White parents (Odds Ratio (OR) 2.65, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): (1.99–3.53), parents of publicly insured children compared with privately insured (OR 1.93, (1.53–2.42)) and among lower income groups. Parents receive information about COVID-19 from a variety of sources, and those who report using family, internet and health care providers as information sources (compared to those who don’t use each respective source) had lower odds of COVID-19 VH for their children. Conclusions The highest rates of hesitancy toward a future COVID-19 vaccine were found in demographic groups that have been the most severely affected by the pandemic. These groups may require targeted outreach efforts from trusted sources of information in order to promote equitable uptake of a future COVID-19 vaccine.

scholarly journals Attitudes and Intentions toward COVID-19 Vaccination among Health Professions Students and Faculty in Qatar

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1275
Author(s):  
Amine Zaidi ◽  
Amal Elmasaad ◽  
Hend Alobaidli ◽  
Rana Sayed ◽  
Dana Al-Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Natural Immunity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive

A population’s desire to take the COVID-19 vaccine is an important predictor of a country’s future pandemic management. This cross-sectional study examines the impact of psychological and sociodemographic factors on attitudes toward and intentions to take the COVID-19 vaccine among students and faculty at four colleges of health professions and sciences at Qatar University. The data were collected through an online survey using Google Forms. The survey was distributed through various online platforms. Data analysis was conducted using Stata 16. Of the 364 participants, 9.89% expressed a high mistrust of vaccine safety, and 21.7% were uncertain about their levels of trust; 28% expressed strong worries about unforeseen side effects, whereas 54.95% expressed moderate worries. Furthermore, 7.69% expressed strong concerns and 39.84% showed moderate concerns about commercial profiteering. Approximately 13% of the participants expressed a strong preference towards natural immunity, whilst 45.33% appeared to believe that natural immunity might be better than a vaccine. Importantly, 68.13% of the participants intended to receive the COVID-19 vaccine once it became available, compared to 17.03% who were uncertain and 14.83% who were unwilling to be vaccinated. Our findings differ from the data on vaccine hesitancy among the general population of Qatar. We argue that this gap is due to scientific knowledge and domain of education. Furthermore, although knowledge and awareness may affect vaccine attitudes, mental health and sociodemographic factors play a role in shaping attitudes towards vaccines.

scholarly journals COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the adult population in Ghana: evidence from a pre-vaccination rollout survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kaba Alhassan ◽  
Matilda Aberese-Ako ◽  
Phidelia Theresa Doegah ◽  
Mustapha Immurana ◽  
Maxwel Ayindenaba Dalaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Vaccine Trial ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Safety Concerns

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has already claimed over four million lives globally and over 800 deaths in Ghana. The COVID-19 vaccine is a key intervention towards containing the pandemic. Over three billion doses of the vaccine have already been administered globally and over 800,000 doses administered in Ghana, representing less than 5% vaccination coverage. Fear, uncertainty, conspiracy theories and safety concerns remain important threats to, a successful rollout of the vaccine if not managed well. Objective Ascertain the predictors of citizens’ probability of participating in a COVID-19 vaccine trial and subsequently accept the vaccine when given the opportunity. Methodology The study was an online nation-wide survey among community members (n = 1556) from 18th September to 23rd October, 2020 in the 16 regions in Ghana. Binary probit regression analysis with marginal effect estimations was employed to ascertain the predictors of community members’ willingness to participate in a COVID-19 vaccine trial and uptake the vaccine. Results Approximately 60% of respondents said they will not participate in a COVID-19 vaccine trial; 65% will take the vaccine, while 69% will recommend it to others. Willingness to voluntarily participate in COVID-19 vaccine trial, uptake the vaccine and advise others to do same was higher among adults aged 18–48 years, the unmarried and males (p < 0.05). Significant predictors of unwillingness to participate in the COVID-19 vaccine trial and uptake of the vaccine are: married persons, females, Muslims, older persons, residents of less urbanised regions and persons with lower or no formal education (p < 0.05). Predominant reasons cited for unwillingness to participate in a COVID-19 vaccine trial and take the vaccine included fear, safety concerns, lack of trust in state institutions, uncertainty, political connotations, spiritual and religious beliefs. Conclusion The probability of accepting COVID-19 vaccine among the adult population in Ghana is high but the country should not get complacent because fear, safety and mistrust are important concerns that have the potential to entrench vaccine hesitancy. COVID-19 vaccine rollout campaigns should be targeted and cognisant of the key predictors of citizens’ perceptions of the vaccine. These lessons when considered will promote Ghana’s efforts towards vaccinating at least 20 million people to attain herd immunity.

Drivers and dynamics of brand prominence preferences among the Chinese little emperors residing in the US

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-82
Author(s):  
Sang-Eun Byun ◽  
Shuying Long ◽  
Manveer Mann
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Luxury Brands ◽  
Consumer Group ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Luxury Consumption ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Us

PurposeThis study investigates drivers and dynamics of preferences for brand prominence among the Chinese little emperors (LEs) residing in the US, a unique but powerful consumer group with dual-cultural characteristics.Design/methodology/approachUsing an online survey, the proposed model was tested with a convenience sample of the Chinese LE generation residing in the USFindingsSusceptibility to normative influence was a significant cultural driver of conspicuous, social, and unique value perceptions of luxury consumption among the Chinese LE generation residing in the US Perceived conspicuous and social values of luxury consumption were the primary drivers of this group's brand prominence preference for luxury fashion bags. However, perceived unique value of luxury consumption did not necessarily lead these consumers to prefer prominent logos or marks on a luxury bag. Furthermore, sociodemographic factors (gender, age, and time lived in the US) significantly affected perceptions and preferences related to luxury consumption among this consumer group.Research limitations/implicationsThis study advances the luxury literature by examining the drivers and dynamics of brand prominence preference among the Chinese LE generation residing in the US By testing the role of different sociodemographic factors, we demonstrate heterogeneity within this group and the evolving nature of their perceptions and preferences related to luxury consumption as they are acculturated to Western culture. We used a convenient sample and focused on luxury fashion bags for measuring preference for brand prominence, limiting the generalizability of the findings.Practical implicationsLuxury brands should effectively convey conspicuous and social values in product designs, advertising and promotions as these values play integral roles in determining the Chinese LE generation's preference for brand prominence. Our findings also highlight the importance of fine-tuned approaches to different segments within the LE generation cohort.Originality/valueThis study fills several gaps in the luxury literature by empirically investigating various factors affecting preference for brand prominence among the Chinese LE generation residing in the US, an important but under-researched luxury segment.

scholarly journals How Social Exclusion, Embitterment, and Conspiracy Beliefs Mediate Individual’s Intention to Vaccination against COVID-19: Results from a Moderated Serial Mediation Analysis

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Dennis Koroma ◽  
Maria I. Pestalozzi ◽  
Hansjörg Znoj
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Conspiracy Beliefs ◽  
Serial Mediation ◽  
The Government

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> As Switzerland faced the “second wave” of COVID-19 incidences, a discussion of a potential vaccine against the virus emerged. While some individuals accept vaccines, others challenge or refuse to be vaccinated, a phenomena called <i>vaccine hesitancy</i>. Here, trust plays a vital role in vaccination intention. Embitterment not only goes along with the sense of being treated unjust but also innates a distrust in others. Thus, embitterment may influence individuals’ vaccination intention against COVID-19. In the present study, we investigate how feelings of being socially excluded and the perceived negative impact of the pandemic are associated with embitterment and in turn, how embitterment is related to individuals’ vaccination intention and the tendency to hold COVID-19-related conspiracy beliefs (CCBs). This is in regard of the perceived communication style by the government. <b><i>Method:</i></b> A convenience sample of 281 individuals completed an online survey developed on Qualtrics. In this cross-sectional, nonexperimental designed study, indirect effects of a moderated serial mediation were analyzed using <i>Jamm</i> (Jamovi, Version 0.9; 2019). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Results indicated that embitterment went along with increased feelings of social exclusion (β = 0.45, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). Further, individuals high in embitterment generally indicated a higher vaccination intention against COVID-19 (β = 0.15, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01). However, embittered individuals holding CCBs had a decreased vaccination intention against COVID-19 (β = −0.71, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). Thus, whether or not embittered individuals develop CCBs might be a crucial determinant for their vaccination intention. Noteworthy, the relationship between embitterment and the tendency to hold CCBs was reinforced by the notion of an unsatisfactory style of communication by the government. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Taken together, results suggest that embitterment not only plays a relevant role in vaccination intention against COVID-19 but also for the susceptibility to engage in conspiracy beliefs.

scholarly journals Self-Perceived Life Satisfaction during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Sweden: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6234
Author(s):  
Christina Brogårdh ◽  
Catharina Sjödahl Hammarlund ◽  
Frida Eek ◽  
Kjerstin Stigmar ◽  
Ingrid Lindgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Life Domains ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Life Satisfaction

Currently, there is limited knowledge on how the Swedish strategy with more lenient public health restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced people’s life satisfaction. Here, we investigated self-reported life satisfaction during the first wave of the pandemic in Sweden, and perceived changes in life satisfaction in relation to various sociodemographic factors. A total of 1082 people (mean age 48 (SD 12.2); 82% women) responded to an online survey during autumn 2020 including the “Life Satisfaction Questionnaire-11”. A majority (69%) were satisfied with life as a whole, and with other important life domains, with the exception of contact with friends and sexual life. An equal share reported that life as a whole had either deteriorated (28%) or improved (29%). Of those that perceived a deterioration, 95% considered it to be due to the pandemic. Regarding deteriorated satisfaction with life as a whole, higher odds were found in the following groups: having no children living at home; being middle aged; having other sources of income than being employed; and having a chronic disease. The Swedish strategy might have contributed to the high proportion of satisfied people. Those who perceived a deterioration in life satisfaction may, however, need attention from Swedish Welfare Authorities.

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