scholarly journals Territories of state-led aquaculture risk management: Thailand’s Plang Yai program

2020 ◽  
pp. 239965442096524
Author(s):  
Mariska JM Bottema ◽  
Simon R Bush ◽  
Peter Oosterveer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Shared Resources ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
Farmer Behavior ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree

The Thai aquaculture sector faces a range of production, market and financial risks that extend beyond the private space of farms to include public spaces and shared resources. The Thai state has attempted to manage these shared risks through its Plang Yai (or ‘Big Area’) agricultural extension program. Using the lens of territorialization, this paper investigates how, through the Plang Yai program, risk management is institutionalized through spatially explicit forms of collaboration amongst farmers and between farmers and (non-)state actors. We focus on how four key policy instruments brought together under Plang Yai delimited multiple territories of risk management over shrimp and tilapia production in Chantaburi and Chonburi provinces. Our findings demonstrate how these policy instruments address risks through dissimilar but overlapping territories that are selectively biased toward facilitating the individual management of production risks, whilst enabling both the individual and collective management of market and financial risks. This raises questions about the suitability of addressing aquaculture risks by controlling farmer behavior through state-led designation of singular, spatially explicit areas. The findings also indicate the multiple roles of the state in territorializing risk management, providing a high degree of flexibility, which is especially valuable in landscapes shared by many users, connected to (global) value chains and facing diverse risks. In doing so we demonstrate that understanding the territorialization of production landscapes in a globalizing world requires a dynamic approach recognizing the multiplicity of territories that emerge in risk management processes.

FEATURES OF RISK MANAGEMENT AFTER REALIZING PPP PROJECTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 179-190
Author(s):  
Mariya Zinovievivna Masik
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Contract Negotiations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Risks ◽  
Force Majeure ◽  
Investment Agreement ◽  
The Law ◽  
Partnership Agreement

The article is devoted to the clarification of the peculiarities of risk management during the implementation of PPP projects. The author identifies a set of risks for a private partner, business risks of PPP projects and the main risks associated with the protests of the public, as well as public and international organizations. The typical risks of PPP projects are presented, including force majeure, political risks, profitability risks, operational, construction, financial risks, and the risk of default. The world experience of sharing risks between the partners is presented. Also named are the main methods for assessing the risks of PPP projects. It has been determined that the conditions on which the parties should reach agreement in order for the contract to be concluded are essential. Risk management can be implemented within the framework of the essential conditions for the allocation of risks. However, the provisions of the law provide for the allocation of only those risks identified by the results of an analysis of the effectiveness of the PPP project. Legislation does not directly determine how risks can be allocated to the risks identified during the pre-contract negotiations (or even at a later stage), but not taken into account in the analysis of efficiency. For example, suggestions on the terms of the partnership agreement as part of the bidding proposal may include suggestions on risk management mechanisms. There are no definite and can not be fully defined possible ways of managing risks in view of their specificity for a particular project. For this purpose, it is advisable to provide for a period of familiarization with the draft tender documentation and the possibility of making changes to it based on the findings received from potential contestants. It is also advisable to foresee cases in which it is possible to review certain terms of the contract without a competition. It is substantiated that the law does not restrict the possibility of foreseeing specific terms of an agreement on the implementation of the PPP project or to conclude additional (auxiliary) contractual instruments (for example, an investment agreement). At the same time, when laying down conditions not provided for by law, it is necessary to take into account the scope of competence of the state partner. Also, in order to ensure the principle of equality of conditions, the state partner should provide such additional conditions in the tender documentation.

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT IN ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY: CONCEPT, SYSTEM AND PRINCIPLE OF BUILDING

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
M. M. KHAYTANOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Study Methods ◽  
Financial Risk Management ◽  
Concept System

The article reveals: theoretical justifications of the concept of “financial risk” in relation to the sphere of entrepreneurship; methods for its identification and processing. Financial risk management is the activity of identification, assessment, control and monitoring of risks. In the course of the study, methods for managing financial risks in entrepreneurial activity and their classification were identified.

Semiology of the Pain Syndrome - Identifying the Ideal Methods of Locoregional Anesthesia Based on Their Rationale and Features

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2373-2377
Author(s):  
Mihaela Monica Scutariu ◽  
Vlad Danila ◽  
Corina Ciupilan ◽  
Oana Elena Ciurcanu
Keyword(s):  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Structuring Element ◽  
Technical Accuracy ◽  
Locoregional Anesthesia ◽  
Special Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree

Anesthesia and the degree of control over the perception of pain depends on the personality of the individual, the socio-economic conditions, potential previous painful experiences and, last but not least, on fatigue and fear of the dentist. The perception of pain in patients is closely connected to their mental state. Pain is defined as a sensation of discomfort, with wide variations, both in quality and intensity, for different people in seemingly identical conditions; an unpleasant sensitive and emotional phenomena connected to the threat of a wound or caused in the tissues or described in the terms of this disease. The essential element of any type of anesthesia is analgesia, an effect which in some cases cannot be achived, due to the patient�s particularities or the physician�s lack of experience in anesthesia. Locoregional anesthesia (LRA) represents the blocking of the nociceptive sensitive and sympathetic autonomic afferents as well as that of motor efferents at the level of peripheral nerves� axons, by means of local anesthetic. To achieve the set purpose, we carried out a study on a representative human sample comprised of 10.123 patients treated in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic (Ambulatory) from the County Clinic Emergency Hospital St. Spiridon Iasi, between 01.01.2015-31.12.2016. The reason for the exclusion of certain categories of patients in the reseach was: the patients with a special conditions background require individual pre-anesthesia schemes, personalised for the nature of the pre-existing general condition, which must be further approved by the attending specialist physician : cardiologist, internist, diabetologist; children under 18 years old, with a high degree of anxiety; a high precentage of elderly patients, over 60 years old, possess a combination of general issues, thus requiring a special approach. The thoroughness lying at the core of the anesthetic practice, most especially the safegurading of a technical accuracy in the performance of anesthesia [12,], instead of improvisations, the lack of anatomical and stomatological training in general and the resulting inefficiency as such, is the underlying in-depth structuring element of this paper.

Aligning Security Needs for Order in Cyberspace

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Dunn Cavelty
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Coercive Power ◽  
Strategic Actions ◽  
Threat Perceptions ◽  
Distributed Security ◽  
Considerable Resistance ◽  
Traditional Norms ◽  
High Degree

Due to heightened threat perceptions, states are currently expanding their coercive power in cyberspace. They attempt to reduce the risk of escalation in (cybered-)conflict through traditional norms building. At the same time, their strategic actions remain the biggest threat to stability. Cyber-exploitations are a major part of the problem, hindering the removal of known insecurities, thus reducing the effectiveness of any future order. At the same time, the forceful role that states aspire to play in cyber-security has led to questions of legitimacy. The security arrangements that emerged in the 1990s, focused on protection and risk management, had a high degree of legitimacy because they built on a pragmatic solution of distributed security provision. Unless a future order in cyberspace takes into account the interests of companies and consumers who shape this domain in peacetime, it will be met with considerable resistance, with high costs for all sides.

scholarly journals The Integration of People Convicted of a Sexual Offence Into the Community and Their (Risk) Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. McCartan ◽  
K. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Sexual Offending ◽  
Community Integration ◽  
Sexual Offence ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Purpose of Review We are reviewing recent research into the community integration of men convicted of a sexual offence and their (risk) management. This is a high-profile political issue that binds together research in psychology, criminology, politics, health, public health, and policy studies. The review will demonstrate that a multi-disciplinary, life course, EpiCrim-oriented approach is the most effective way of reducing re-offending and promoting desistance in this population. Recent Findings Research demonstrates that life course development, especially from psychology and criminology, has an impact on whether people sexually offend or not. Therefore, to understand sexual offending behaviour, we need to look at the aetiology of said behaviour from a nature and a nurture perspective. Therefore, we need to use an Epidemiological Criminology (a marriage of Public Health and criminology) approach that works at all four stages of the Socio-Ecological Model (SEM) (individual, interrelationship, community, and societal). The research encourages a person first approach, that we look at Adverse Childhood Experiences and past trauma in the lives of men who sexually offend and use this, in conjunction with strength-based approaches, to inclusively integrate them into society. Summary The prevention of sexual offending, both first time offending, and relapse prevention require a multi-level, multi-disciplinary approach. Successful desistance from sexual offending is as much about the community and society as it is about the individual.

A comparison of the compressibilities of some gases with that of nitrogen at pressures below one atmosphere

1950 ◽  
Vol 200 (1061) ◽  
pp. 201-218 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Differential Method ◽  
Linear Extrapolation ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Pure Nitrogen ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Oxygen ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Straight Lines ◽  
High Degree

A differential method for comparing the compressibilities of gases at pressures below 1 atm. has been developed in which many of the errors inherent in methods employed previously have been to a large extent eliminated, especially those due to meniscus volume changes and capillary depression. Using pure nitrogen as a standard the low-pressure isothermals of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, oxygen, ethylene and propane have been determined at a temperature of 22-05° C. The deviations of the individual points from straight lines do not in most cases exceed 2 parts in 100,000. In no case, even with propane, was any curvature in the isotherms detectable. The contention of Moles and other recent workers that the molecular weights of liquefiable gases can be determined to a high degree of accuracy by linear extrapolation is rendered highly probable by this fresh evidence.

Management of Fiscal and Financial Risks Generated by PPPs: Conceptual Issues and Country Experiences

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgardo C. Demaestri ◽  
Cynthia Moskovits ◽  
Jimena Chiara
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Institutional Capacity ◽  
Debt Management ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Contingent Liabilities ◽  
Project Risks ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Risks Assessment

This paper discusses the main issues concerning sovereign fiscal and financial risks from public–private partnerships (PPPs) with a focus on contingent liabilities (CLs). It is based on the presentations and discussions that took place during the XI Annual Meeting of the Group of Latin American and the Caribbean Debt Management Specialists (LAC Debt Group), held in Barbados in August 2015. The main issues discussed include PPP risks assessment, institutional framework for PPP risk management, and accounting and reporting of CLs generated by PPPs. Six country cases (Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Honduras, Suriname, and Turkey) are presented to illustrate experiences with different degrees of development regarding the management of risks and CLs related to PPPs. The document concludes that PPP risk management should encompass the whole lifecycle of a PPP project, risks need to be identified and CLs must be estimated and monitored, and the institutional capacity of governments to evaluate and manage PPP risks plays a central role in the successful development of PPP contracts. Although institutional capacities in this regard have improved in recent years, estimations of CLs involved in PPPs are not regularly performed, and there is still room for improvement on the assessment, measurement, registration, budgeting, and reporting of risks and CLs related to PPPs.

Sustainable Development and Risk Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Pertseva ◽  
V. Yu. Skobarev ◽  
E. E. Telenkov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Management System ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Workplace Safety ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
Company Value ◽  
Risk Management System

In the context of the increasing role of non-financial factors of company value creation, many organizations, when developing a development strategy, go beyond exclusively financial and economic goals and include workplace safety, energy efficiency, customer satisfaction and other non-financial goals in their performance targets. Achieving such goals involves risks, but today there is no common understanding of the composition of the relevant risks, their sources (factors of occurrence), approaches to assessing these risks, as well as universal corporate tools for managing them. In this article, we offer our vision of the place of the so-called “non-financial risks” in the risk management system and show the possibilities of integrating non-financial risk management into the risk management system and the management model of the organization.

scholarly journals Reliability of the Brazilian version of HCR-20 Assessing Risk for Violence

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisieux Elaine de Borba Telles ◽  
Vivian Peres Day ◽  
Jorge Oscar Folino ◽  
José Geraldo Vernet Taborda
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Psychiatric Institute ◽  
Clinical Evaluations ◽  
Brazilian Version ◽  
Consensus Values ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric ◽  
The Individual

OBJECTIVE: Assessing risk for violence is a complex task often based on not objective or structured clinical evaluations. HCR-20 Assessing Risk for Violence has been used in several countries to increase the accuracy of this exam. The purpose of this study was to inform on central aspects of this instrument, as well as the results of the reliability assessment of the HCR-20 Assessing Risk for Violence in a Brazilian inpatient criminal population. METHOD: Two examiners independently assessed a random sample of 30 patients that were under criminal commitment at the Mauricio Cardoso Forensic Psychiatric Institute RESULTS: Mean consensus values means were as follows: Historical = 13.1; Clinical = 4.8 and Risk management = 5.8. The value of the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient for the score of subscale Historical was 0.97, for subscale Clinical it was 0.94, and for subscale Risk management, 0.96. As to the individual items of the HCR-20 Assessing Risk for Violence, the result of the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient was good to excellent (mean = 0.97; interval, from 0.60 to 0.99). CONCLUSION: The interrater reliability of the Brazilian version of the HCR-20 Assessing Risk for Violence scale was similar to the results of studies in other countries.

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