scholarly journals Scientific Misconduct—Insights From the Work of an Ethics Committee

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Marek Glezerman ◽  
Ehud Grossman
Keyword(s):  
Medical School ◽  
Scientific Misconduct ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
Scientific Conduct

Scientific misconduct does not only relate to falsifying scientific data or plagiarism but may also include improper handling of authorship. A researcher may be cited as author of a manuscript without having contributed to the scientific work involved, another who has fulfilled the requirements of authorship is omitted or his/her name does not appear in the order, which would have been appropriate. All these may reflect various degrees of dishonesty and improper scientific conduct. There are even more severe cases, in which scientific research is sponsored, conducted, and sometimes even published by employees of vested parties who prefer their involvement not being disclosed, using proxy authors instead. This form of ghost authorship may sometimes amount to felony. As chair of the Ethics Committee (M.G.) and Dean (E.G.), both at the Sackler Medical School, Tel Aviv University, we report on our insights related to authorship and present 2 representative cases.

GOAL SETTING AND ITS ACHIEVEMENT AS A CRITERION OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF CIVIL LAW

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-123
Author(s):  
L.V. Shchennikova
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Definition Of

Introduction: the article deals with the methodological problem of the meaning of the goal of civil law research. The author analyzes the dissertation abstracts from the point of view of goal setting, which were completed in different periods of the development of Russian civil law science, identifies the qualitative characteristics of the stages, and proves the connection of the achieved results with the researcher’s knowledge of the methodological methods of goal setting. Purpose: to show the value of goal setting in scientific research in general and in civil research in particular; to consider the relationship of goal setting with the achievement of specific scientific results on the examples of dissertations defended in the specialty 12.00.03; to justify the need to set as goals the fundamental problems associated with the identification of patterns of development of relations that are part of the subject of civil law regulation and the creation of effective mechanisms that mediate them. Methods: system-structural, system-functional, generalization, abstraction, analogy, logical, statistical, classification, legal modeling, comparative legal, forecasting, formal legal, historical. Results: civil methodology should take into account the importance of the goal in the organization of scientific work. Only a competent possession of goal setting skills can ultimately ensure the creation of scientifically-based mechanisms for effective impact of civil law norms on regulated social relations. Conclusions: 1) any science, including the science of civil law, is not only designed to study and describe existing problems, including legislative, doctrinal, and law enforcement. Research, in order to meet the criterion of scientific character, must attempt to identify the laws of development, both regulated relations and mechanisms that mediate them; 2) the significance of the goal in the development of science has been proven by outstanding philosophers. In addition, the very definition of science indicates that goal setting is one of its essential characteristics; 3) the analysis of the author’s abstracts of leading Russian tsivilists showed how the skilful setting of research goals helped to achieve them consistently, as well as to create a high-quality categorical apparatus of civil law science; 4) the analysis of modern dissertations showed that not all young researchers see the value of goal-setting and this methodological disadvantage is important for the author to eliminate.

scholarly journals Mediating Corporeality: Re-Interpretations at the Art/Science Interface

Somatechnics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-304
Author(s):  
Patricia Adams
Keyword(s):  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Adult Stem Cell ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Research Data ◽  
The Self ◽  
First Century ◽  
Individual Perspective

Contemporary scientific discoveries are rapidly modifying established concepts of embodiment and corporeality. For example, developing techniques in adult stem cell research can actively remodel the human body; whilst neuroscientists are shedding increasing light on the functioning of our brains. My research at the art/science nexus draws upon recent media theories to investigate the ways twenty-first century constructs of ‘humanness’ and the ‘self’ are affected by both historical and contemporary scientific research and developments in digital imaging technologies. In this article, examples from my artworks: “machina carnis” and “HOST” illustrate how my use of innovative digital technologies and collaborative methodologies has enabled me to immerse myself in the scientific experience at first hand. I demonstrate how my reinterpretations of what is commonly termed ‘hard’ scientific research data does not seek to emulate ‘objective’ readings of the experimental digital image data but rather recontextualises it in the context of my artworks. These artworks acknowledge the personal and visceral content in the scientific data and enable viewer/participants to reflect upon the issues raised from an emotive and individual perspective.

scholarly journals Choosing between different AI approaches? The scientific benefits of the confrontation, and the new collaborative era between humans and machines

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-216
Author(s):  
Jordi Vallverdú
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Computing ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Extended Mind ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Scientific Practices ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Aim Of Science

AI is a multidisciplinary activity that involves specialists from several fields, and we can say that the aim of science, and AI science, is solving problems. AI and computer sciences are been creating a new kind of making science, that we can call in silico science. Both models top-eown and bottomup are useful for e-scientific research. There is no a real controversy between them. Besides, the extended mind model of human cognition, involves human-machine interactions. Huge amount of data requires new ways to make and organize scientific practices: supercomputers, grids, distributed computing, specific software and middleware and, basically, more efficient and visual ways to interact with information. This is one of the key points to understand contemporary relationships between humans and machines: usability of scientific data.

Microbiological participants in the etiopathogenesis of otitis in dogs and cats

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
N. V. Pimenov ◽  
◽  
E. A. Pustovit ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Antibacterial Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Colonization Ability

The problem of otitis in small pets is widespread and requires improvement of therapeutic approaches based on modern scientific data and research achievements. This article presents an overview of current sources of primary scientific information on the field of microbiology in inflammatory diseases of the ear in small domestic animals – dogs and cats. Information about microbiom (involved in the pathogenesis of otitis), ability of microorganisms to biofilm formation and resistance to antimicrobial drugs is presented. The associativity of the bacterial component, its colonization ability and these characteristics actualize the problem of improving antibacterial treatment, prevention tactics and scientific research in this matter.

scholarly journals The UV Imager for the Israeli Scientific Satellite

1990 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 471-474
Author(s):  
N. Brosch
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
Moderate Cost

AbstractIsrael will orbit a satellite dedicated to scientific research. One of the two experiments studied for deployment on this platform is a three-channel imager in the ultraviolet proposed by Tel Aviv University and designed jointly by staff of the Wise Observatory and of El-Op (Electro-Optical Industries, Ltd.). The design provides very significant scientific returns in a small payload and for a moderate cost.

scholarly journals Edgar William Richard Steacie, 1900-1962

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 257-281
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Good Work ◽  
World War ◽  
Clear Vision ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Present Pattern

It is difficult to consider the development of science in Canada since the last World War without at the same time thinking of the late E. W. R. Steacie, and of the impact that he has had on this development. Temperamentally, he was the true scientist with all the scientist’s concentration and reserve, and yet to an outstanding degree he had a sense of the paramount importance that science would have in the world of the future. He was endowed with a compelling personality, had strong ideas about science, and had the firm conviction that research in Canada should be intensified and expanded both in the universities and in industry until it was commensurate with the standard of living prevalent in the country. With his understanding and clear vision, with his drive, his tenacity and powers of persuasion, Steacie was able to obtain from the government over the years increasingly important subsidies in support of scientific work in the universities. In scientific research his role has been truly remarkable, and his influence has been felt in all fields of scientific activity. He was always interested in men who did good work, no matter what the discipline was, and keen to help them in every way he could. If he had to defend a cause in which he believed, he was fearless and acted with vigour, without any consideration of possible adverse consequences to himself. He, more than anyone else, can be said to have moulded the present pattern of scientific research in Canada.

scholarly journals Research on Metadata Management System of Linkage Service of Scientific Data and Scientific Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 03026
Author(s):  
Xiujuan Wang ◽  
Jiankui Chen ◽  
Xuerong Li
Keyword(s):  
System Architecture ◽  
Management System ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Metadata Management ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
Research Environment ◽  
Data Intensive ◽  
Research Organizations

In the data-intensive scientific research environment, the linkage of scientific data and scientific literature forms a complete body of scientific content. The literature and data serve scientific research together, which have become a hot issue of scientific research organizations. Starting from the metadata description elements of scientific data and scientific literature, this paper summarizes and analyses the association models of author association, keyword association and subject category association based on metadata description. On this basis, this paper describes the metadata management system architecture and system functions of linkage service of scientific data and scientific literature, providing some references for the relevant researchers.

The Johns Hopkins Hospital

1991 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donlin M. Long
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Research University ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Johns Hopkins Hospital ◽  
Graduate Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
Fine Print

The role of The Johns Hopkins University as an innovative school with a basic mission of scientific research is discussed. Its principle that research is best performed by faculty and students at a graduate level gave birth to the revolutionary concept of a research university. Against this background, the hospital and later the medical school were founded. The innovations that emerged from this medical education structure are touched on.

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