scholarly journals Evaluation of In Vivo Antidiarrheal Activity of 80% Methanolic Leaf Extract of Osyris quadripartita Decne (Santalaceae) in Swiss Albino Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 2515690X1983334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meseret Yigzaw Teferi ◽  
Mohammedbirhan Abdulwuhab ◽  
Jibril Seid Yesuf
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Intestinal Content ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Different Doses

The leaf of Osyris quadripartita is traditionally used for the management of diarrhea in different parts of Ethiopia. However, its use has not been scientifically validated for its efficacy. The aim of this study was to investigate antidiarrheal activity of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of O. quadripartita in mice models. Different doses of the methanolic leaf extract of O. quadripartita (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) were tested for antidiarrheal activity using castor oil–induced diarrhea, enteropooling, and gastrointestinal motility models in Swiss Albino mice. The activities of the extract at different doses were compared with standard drugs and negative control groups of mice. The extract at all tested doses resulted in significant reduction ( P < .01) in number of wet feces, whereas significant reduction ( P < .01) in frequency of defecation in castor oil–induced diarrhea was seen at a dose of 400 mg/kg. It also showed a dose-dependent and significant reduction of volume of intestinal content in the enteropooling model at all tested doses and the observed results in 200 and 400 mg/kg were better than the standard drug, loperamide. However, significant antimotility effect was not observed at any of the tested doses. From these results we can conclude that methanolic leaf extract of O. quadripartita showed antidiarrheal activity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of In Vivo Antidiarrheal Activities of Hydroalcoholic Leaf Extract of Dodonaea viscosa L.(Sapindaceae) in Swiss Albino Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 2515690X1989195
Author(s):  
Jemal Abdela
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Transit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dodonaea Viscosa ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity ◽  
Albino Mice

Traditionally people used Dodonaea viscosa for the treatment of various ailments, including diarrhea. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the antidiarrheal activity of the 80% methanolic leaf extract of D viscosa against castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice models. Different doses of 80% methanolic leaf extract of D viscosa (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) were evaluated for their antidiarrheal activities using castor oil–induced diarrhea, gastrointestinal transit, and enteropooling models in Swiss albino mice. At all test doses, the plant extract showed significant ( P < .05) inhibition in the frequency of defecation of wet feces and total fecal output as compared to the control group. Similarly, at all dose ranges used the plant extract demonstrated significant ( P < .05) reduction in an intraluminal fluid accumulation as compared to the untreated group. Besides, at higher doses, the plant extract also indicated significant ( P < .05) antimotility activity in comparison with the control. In conclusion, these findings illustrated that the 80% methanolic leaf extract of D viscosa supported the traditional claim of antidiarrheal activity of the plant though further investigations are warranted.

scholarly journals Methanolic Crude Extract of Hagenia abyssinica Possesses Significant Antidiarrheal Effect: Evidence for In Vivo Antidiarrheal Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zemene Demelash Kifle ◽  
Seyfe Asrade Atnafie ◽  
Tesfaye Yimer Tadesse ◽  
Teshome Fentik Belachew ◽  
Birhanu Berihun Kidanu
Keyword(s):  
Crude Extract ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Hagenia Abyssinica ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity

Background. Hagenia abyssinica is one of the most commonly used medicinal plants for the treatment of diarrhea in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antidiarrheal effect of methanol crude extract of H. abyssinica leaves in mice. Methods. Acute toxicity testing was conducted using Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines. The antidiarrheal activity of the crude extract of H. abyssinica was investigated using three animal models such as small intestine transit, enteropooling, and castor oil-induced diarrhea models. The extract was administered at three different doses (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) to the test groups, while the positive control group received 3 mg/kg of loperamide and the negative control group received 10 ml/kg of vehicle (distilled water). Results. The crude extract of H. abyssinica did not exhibit death at the limit dose (2 g/kg) throughout the observation period. In the castor oil-induced model, the crude extract at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg exhibited a significant ( P < 0.05 ) antimotility effect as compared to the negative control. The crude extract revealed a significant reduction in the volume and weight of intestinal contents at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses of the extract. Moreover, the highest antidiarrheal index (ADI) was obtained with the dose of 400 mg/kg of crude extract, which was comparable to the standard drug. Conclusion. The crude extract of Hagenia abyssinica possesses antidiarrheal activity and supports the traditional use of H. abyssinica for the management of diarrhea.

scholarly journals In vivo antidiarrheal study of ethanolic extracts of Mikania cordata and Litsea monopetala leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatema Nasrin ◽  
Md. Lukman Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity

<p class="Abstract">In this study the antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic extracts of the leaves of <em>Mikania cordata</em> and <em>Litsea monopetala</em> was evaluated. Diarrhea was induced in mice by oral administration of castor oil (0.5 mL) 30 min after the administration of the extracts. During a 4 hour study the number of diarrheal feces and percentage inhibition of the extracts (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) was determined. Loperamide (3 mg/kg body weight) served as standard and belonged to the positive control group. The extracts exhibited potent antidiarrheal activity as well as achieved statistically significant p value (p&lt;0.01 and p&lt;0.05) compared to control group. Among the extracts the highest percentage inhibition of defecation (60%) was recorded for leaf extract (400 mg/kg body weight) of <em>L. monopetala</em>. So, the study corroborates the significant antidiarrheal activity of <em>M. cordata</em> and <em>L. monopetala</em> leaf extracts and raises the demand of further sophisticated investigation.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Vernonia Amygdalina Del (Bitter Leaf) extract ameliorates isoniazid (INH) induced liver injury in Swiss Albino Mice

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebreselassie Addisu Tilaye ◽  
Muluken Fekadie Zerihun ◽  
Kasaw Adane Chuffa ◽  
Mahelet Arayaselassie ◽  
Daniel Seifu
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Drug Clearance ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Antitubercular Drugs ◽  
Toxic Injury ◽  
Albino Mice

AbstractLiver plays a central role in the metabolism of drugs. Drug clearance and transformation exposes liver to toxic injury. Antitubercular drugs have been found to be hepatotoxic and potentially lead to drug-induced liver injury. Isoniazid is one of the most hepatotoxic first line antitubercular drugs. Conventional drugs used in the treatment of liver disease are often inadequate and a search for supplementation or alternative drugs for the treatment of hepatic damage is indispensible. Therefore our study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective potential of Vernonia Amygdalina Del (bitter leaf) extract against Isoniazid-induced liver injury in Swiss Albino Mice. Treatment of Mice orally with Vernonia Amygdalina Del extract at dose of 250mg/kg and 375 mg/kg significantly lowered (P<0.05) the serum level of liver enzymes in Isoniazid pretreated mice. The hepatoptotective activity of the extract found to be comparable with the standard drug, Silymarin (100 mg/kg, P.o.). Moreover, treatment with the extract significantly alleviated Isoniazid induced hepatic injury as supported by the photomicrographs of liver section of mice. The data shows aqueous Vernonia Amygdalina Del extract has a very promising hepatoprotective potential against isoniazid-induced liver injury.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Two Traditionally Used Medicinal Plants of Afar Region, Ethiopia, against Plasmodium berghei in Swiss Albino Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibhatu Gebrehiwot ◽  
Mohammed Shumbahri ◽  
Amelework Eyado ◽  
Tilahun Yohannes
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Salvadora Persica ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice

The objective of the present study was to investigate phytochemical components, antiplasmodial activity (in vivo) and evaluate the toxicity of two local medicinal plants, namely, Salvadora persica L. and Balanites rotundifolia (Van Tiegh.) used in Afar ethnomedicine for the treatment of malaria. In this study, phytochemical screening has been done using standard methods and the existence of antiplasmodial compounds was detected in these plant extracts. Four-day Peter’s test was used to determine parasite inhibition, PCV was determined by Wintrob’s method, and effects against loss of body weight and improvements on survival time were determined. LD50s of the crude extracts have been also done. Acute toxicity studies of the extracts were carried out in Swiss albino mice prior to antimalarial activity test. All extracts revealed no obvious acute toxicities on mice up to the highest (5000mg/kg) dose given. The crude extract was estimated to have oral median lethal dose higher than 5,000 mg/kg. With the 4-day suppressive test, both plant extracts demonstrated dose-dependent significant reduction in parasitemia level at all test doses compared to the negative control: in the extract of B. rotundifolia 500 mg/kg extract (60.59±3.25%), 350 mg/kg extract (48.1±1.4), and 200 mg/kg extract (41.33±1.1%) were found. And in case of S. Persica 500 mg/kg extract (50.6±4.01%), 350 mg/kg extract (35.85±0.89), and 200 mg/kg extract (27.69±1.14%) were found. The results of this study provide support for the traditional therapeutic value and the reported antimalarial activity.

Comparative in-vivo Study of Laxative, Anti-diarrheoal and Anti-emetic activity of Ethanolic and Ethyl Acetate Leaf Extract of Citrus limon in Rats and Chicks

2021 ◽  
pp. 3045-3050
Author(s):  
Ravishankar K. ◽  
Sudharani K.
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Copper Sulphate ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Fecal Matter ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Fecal Output ◽  
Sodium Picosulphate

The aim of present work is to evaluate the laxative, anti-diarrhoeal and anti-emetic activity extract of Citrus limon by using different solvents like ethanol and ethyl-acetate. The methods employed are measuring fecal output in naive rats, loperamide induced constipation in rats, castor oil induced diarrhoea in rats and anti-emetic activity was evaluated using chick model. In fecal output in naive rats, the consistency of stools expelled within 24hrs after administration of extracts was observed. The loperamide induced constipation in rats using standard drug sodium picosulphate (5mg/kg), the faeces were collected after 8hrs and stool consistency was observed. At higher dose there is increase in fecal matter and compared with standard. The castor oil induced diarrhoea decreased total no. of feces was observed after 4hrs and these values are compared with control. In anti-emetic activity, the chicks after 10 minutes of copper sulphate pentahydrate(50mg/kg) administration there was an increase in no. of retchings (An emetic action without emeting gastric material) and the results are comparable with that of standard Chlorpromazine(150mg/kg).

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF PERIODIC DISSIMILARITY OF PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIDIARRHEAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PSIDIUM GUAJAVA LINN (MYRTACEAE) LEAVES USING WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Uttam Borah ◽  
Biswajit Dash ◽  
Jashabir Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Phytochemical Variation ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Different Doses

  Objective: The current investigation was achieved to treasure out the modification of antidiarrheal activity of ethanoic leaves extract of Psidium guajava Linn. with respect to change of season, namely, autumn and spring.Methods: The castor oil induced diarrhea method is employed for assessment of periodic dissimilarity of antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic extract of P. guajava Linn. (Myrtaceae) leaves. Phytochemical variation is resolute as per typical procedure using various reagents.Results: Phytochemical scrutiny discloses that small fluctuation of phytoconstituent content was observed. The extract was initially assayed for its possessions in castor oil-induced diarrhea at different doses (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg, p.o.). There was statistically noteworthy lessening (p<0.05) in the number of wet feces by 78.33% during spring season and 78.26% during autumn season at 600 mg/kg body weight, and when compared to negative control rats, which might be due to change in climate or due to alteration in plant biosynthesis pathway in different season.Conclusion: The outcomes deliver the suggestion for variation in phytochemical contents as well as amendment in antidiarrheal activity of ethanoic extract of P. guajava leaves during autumn and spring.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antispasmodic and Antisecretory Activities of the 80% Methanol Extracts of Verbena officinalis L: Evidence From In Vivo Antidiarrheal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 2515690X1985326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekonnen Sisay ◽  
Negussie Bussa ◽  
Tigist Gashaw
Keyword(s):  
Plant Material ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Group I ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity

Verbena officinalis L. has a folkloric repute for the management of digestive disorders, including diarrhea. However, the safety and efficacy of the plant material has not been scientifically validated yet. This study was, therefore, aimed to evaluate the overall antidiarrheal activity of the 80% methanol extracts of V officinalis in mice. The antidiarrheal activity of the 80% methanol extracts of the roots (R-80ME) and the leaves (L-80ME) of V officinalis was tested in castor oil–induced diarrhea in mice. R-80ME was further evaluated using charcoal meal and entero-pooling. In each test, group I and group II (controls) received 10 mL/kg distilled water and standard drug (5 mg/kg loperamide), respectively, whereas groups III, IV, and V (test groups) received 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of the 80ME, respectively. The R-80ME at 200 mg/kg ( P < .01) and 400 mg/kg ( P < .001) significantly delayed the onset of diarrhea compared with negative control. Both R-80ME and L-80ME at 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly decreased the frequency of wet fecal outputs ( P < .01). Generally, 70.24% inhibition of the number of wet fecal output was recorded at R-80ME 400 mg/kg. Results from the charcoal meal test revealed that the R-80ME at 200 ( P < .01) and 400 mg/kg ( P < .001) produced a significant antimotility effect. In entero-pooling test, the R-80ME, at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses ( P < .01), showed a significant decline in both the volume and weight of intestinal contents. The maximum in vivo antidiarrheal index was determined to be 95.25 at dose of 400 mg/kg R-80ME. This study demonstrated that the 80ME, mainly the root extract, produced promising antidiarrheal activity and hence provides a scientific support for acclaimed traditional use of the plant material for treatment of diarrheal diseases.

scholarly journals Screening of analgesic activity of Phoenix sylvestris leaves in rodents

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
Pankaj Jain ◽  
◽  
Sonika Jain ◽  
Surendra Kumar Swarnkar ◽  
Swapnil Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Withdrawal Reflexes

Aim: The present study evaluated the central and peripheral analgesic activity of methanolic leaf extract of Phoenix sylvestris (PSLME) in swiss albino mice. Method: Peripheral and central analgesic activity was evaluated by tail immersion and acetic acid writhing in swiss albino mice. Dextropropoxyphene was used as a standard drug in the dose of 65mg/kg body weight in both models. PSLME was tested at 100 and 500mg/kg dose level. Results: The result revealed that methanolic extract exhibit 48% and 40.5% writhing inhibition at 500 and 100 mg/kg doses whereas ~30% tail withdrawal reflexes inhibition at 500mg/kg which was analogous to the standard drug dextropropoxyphene. Conclusion: Methanolic extract of leaves of P. sylvestris possesses both peripheral and central analgesic activity in experimental animal.

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