scholarly journals Celebrating the End of Enlightenment: Organization Theory in the Age of the Anthropocene and Gaia (and why neither is the solution to our ecological crisis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 263178772110367
Author(s):  
Subhabrata Bobby Banerjee ◽  
Diane-Laure Arjaliès
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Organization Theory ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Relational Ontology ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Indigenous Worldviews ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Western Scholarship ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

This article aims to change the terms of the conversation about the ecological crisis. We argue that the human–nature dualism, a product of Enlightenment thought and primarily responsible for the ecological crisis, cannot be the basis for any meaningful solutions. We show how more recent Western imaginaries like the Anthropocene and Gaia proposed to overcome the separation of nature from culture are also based on exclusions that reflect Enlightenment rationality and legacies of colonialism. In sharp contrast, we show that Indigenous philosophies that preceded the Enlightenment by thousands of years have developed systems of knowledge based on a relational ontology that reflects profound connections between humans and nature. We demonstrate that such forms of knowledge have been systematically subjugated by Western scholarship based on arguments inspired by Enlightenment ideals of rationality and empiricism. A decolonial imagination will be able to generate new insights into understanding and addressing the ecological crisis. We therefore call for organization and management scholars to challenge the anthropomorphic biases and the economism that dominates our field through a respectful engagement with Indigenous worldviews.

scholarly journals Исторический процесс в свете христианской антропологии Ф. М. Достоевского

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Nikolaievitch Tarassov
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Christian Realism ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Moral World ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One

Based on the fundamental concepts of the "mystery of man" and Christian realism, the "law of the Ego" and the "law of love" for Dostoevsky's creative consciousness, the article examines the one-sidedness of biologizing and socializing concepts of human nature since the Enlightenment and their connection with entropic processes in the spiritual and moral world of people and declining trends in the course of history. It is shown how the spiritual laws of life, which are leaving the field of view of rationalistic and pragmatic consciousness, transform social-progressive design and planning, and introduce nihilistic elements into them. It is emphasized that the methodology of Christian realism is universal, that it connects the "mystery of man" with the mystery of history, and becomes one of the main principles for assessing the hierarchy of values in various ideological and social systems.

Developing a Knowledge-Based Organizational Performance Model for Improving Knowledge Flows in Discontinuous Organizations

2011 ◽  
pp. 89-108
Author(s):  
Rahinah Ibrahim ◽  
Mark E. Nissen
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Organization Theory ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Insight Into

Tacit knowledge attenuates particularly quickly in organizations that experience discontinuous membership: the coming and going of organizational roles or positions during a workflow process. Since knowledge flows enable workflows, and workflows drive performance, theory suggests that dynamic knowledge—particularly tacit knowledge—is critical for competitive advantage. This research seeks to extend established organization theory, through integration of emerging knowledge-flow theory, to inform the design of discontinuous organizations. Toward this end, we build a computational model based upon ethnographic study of an affordable housing project that experienced severe discontinuous membership. Analysis of this model reveals problematic theoretical gaps, and provides insight into how scholarly understanding of knowledge flows can extend organization theory to address discontinuous organizations. This research contributes new knowledge for designing knowledge-based organizations in discontinuous contexts.

Introduction

2009 ◽  
pp. 2-6
Author(s):  
Barbara Graziosi ◽  
Phiroze Vasunia ◽  
George Boys-Stones
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Criticism ◽  
Classical Antiquity ◽  
Matthew Arnold ◽  
Alexander The Great ◽  
Greek Society ◽  
The Enlightenment

This article introduces the themes for the first part of this book, ‘Hellenes and Hellenism’. In the classic Victorian statement of political and social criticism, Culture and Anarchy, Matthew Arnold wrote that to get rid of one's ignorance and to see things as they are is the simple and attractive ideal which Hellenism holds out before human nature; and from the simplicity and charm of this ideal, Hellenism and human life is imbued with a kind of clarity and radiance. The rest of the article briefly describes related themes such as modernity, classical antiquity, Greek society, colonization, Alexander the Great, Hellenistic culture, Rome, Hebraism, Islam, the Renaissance, and the Enlightenment.

A systematic approach to develop risk registry frameworks for complex projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Khallaf ◽  
Nader Naderpajouh ◽  
Makarand Hastak
Keyword(s):  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Complex Projects ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge ◽  
Tacit And Explicit Knowledge

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to build upon the extensive application of risk registries in the construction literature and establish a systematic methodology to develop risk registries. Risk registries channel judgment of experts as a basis for risk analysis and should be tailored for each project to be more effective. Given their prevalence, there is a need for systematic integration of tacit and explicit knowledge to develop practical risk registries. Design/methodology/approach A combined approach is proposed using the systematic literature review (SLR) technique to integrate explicit knowledge and Delphi technique to integrate tacit knowledge in the development of risk registries. This two-step approach further increases the robustness of the registries by validating them through integrating and contrasting multiple forms of knowledge for a tailored risk registry. Findings The application of the proposed approach indicates that the use of multiple forms of knowledge can increase the robustness and practicality of risk registries. It also showcased its potential in the development of risk registries for complex projects. Examples include modification of risk factors obtained from the explicit sources of knowledge based on contextual tacit knowledge. Originality/value The proposed approach is an imperative step to standardize the development of risk registries. With its inherent validation process through integrating and contrasting tacit and explicit knowledge, practitioners can use this approach to develop practical risk registries for different categories of projects. Integrating different forms of knowledge can increase the impact of registries beyond risk assessment and in contexts such as decision making and performance assessment.

scholarly journals Justification of human nature. Universalism and cultural diversity from the point of view of modern science

KANT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
Alexander Brodsky
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
And Behavior

In this article the author is going to prove that all the data of recent decades obtained in the field of neurophysiology, linguistics, logic, semiotics and anthropology prove that the idea of a unite Human Nature, which was postulated by the Enlightenment, is not a fiction or even "abstraction", but a perfectly recognizable (though nondescript) reality. All humans are the same, and human nature does not depend on culture. However, the paper addresses not so much the data as their consequences. The universal Human Nature implies the existence of uniform standards of thinking and behavior (ethics), unaffiliated with historical experience, traditions, and beliefs. These standards are available to everyone. But they are unevenly implemented in various cultures due to various historical circumstances.

scholarly journals 反思現代文明的脆弱——回應薩斯教授

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Kai Man KWAN
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Gross National Product ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Moral Order ◽  
Good Society ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Human Happiness ◽  
Digital Commons ◽  
The Face

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract in English only.In my response to Prof. Sass, I first elaborate some points on which we agree. For example, I find the five crises of modern civilization discussed by Prof. Sass to be quite real, and I believe that this points to the fragility of modern civilization. I then critique the Enlightenment ideology of progress and argue that we need to prepare for the possibility of a cultural decline. I also agree with Prof. Sass’s emphasis on both the human potential for creativity and the human capacity for self-destruction. This contradicts liberal optimism about human nature and raises questions about our internal and spiritual resources. I support Prof. Sass’s critique of modern society’s obsession with GNP (Gross National Product) and agree that the concept of a GHP (Goss Happiness Product) is a better criterion for a good society. However, I believe that we must overcome even the vestiges of hedonism by affirming the intrinsic value of an objective moral order that transcends human happiness. In the end, in the face of the possibilities of disasters and the collapse of modern civilization, we need to return to our basic communities, such as family, and emphasize the cultivation of virtue.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 7 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

scholarly journals Humanism and nature – some reflections on a complex relationship

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörn Rüsen
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ancient Rome ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
The One

The paper starts with a systematical analysis of the interrelationship of humanism and nature. It proceeds to a historical reconstruction of this relationship in the development of Western humanism from ancient Rome via Renaissance till the Enlightenment of the 18th century. In both respects the result of the analysis is the same: The Western tradition of humanism is characterised by a gap between an emphasis on the cultural quality of human life on the one hand and nature on the other one. Men are entitled to dominate and govern nature and use it for their purpose. This fits into an idea of a progressing destructive relationship between man and nature in the West. On the other the tradition of humanism has put the gap between man and nature into a harmonising cosmological or theological context. In this context a simple destructive relationship between man and nature is not possible. The humanism of today has to pick up the challenge of the ecological crisis and to refer to its tradition where man and nature are mediated into a meaningful and sense-bearing interrelationship. Instead of simply referring to the traditional cosmology a convincing idea of this mediation or even synthesis can only be made plausible by referring to the already pre-given synthesis between nature and culture, the human body.

scholarly journals TPACK of Prospective Mathematics Teachers at an Early Stage of Training

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Morales-López ◽  
Yerlin Chacón-Camacho ◽  
Wilbert Vargas-Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Quadratic Function ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Theoretical Inquiry ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

The objective of this work is to present the results of an investigation on the technological, pedagogical and content knowledge evidenced by mathematics teachers in the second-level of initial training (preservice) at the Universidad Nacional, from the TPACK model perspective, on the subject of functions. The research has a qualitative approach with an interpretive hermeneutical stance. A sample of 27 teachers in training who were enrolled in courses related to the three base domains of the TPACK model (pedagogical, technological and content of quadratic function) during the first semester (I cycle) of 2020 was used. A theoretical inquiry was carried out that allowed the creation of an instrument that made possible the description of the participants’ knowledge based on this model focused on the topic of quadratic function. The results show that participants possess instrumental dominance over the basic forms of knowledge underlying the model. It is concluded that, although participants have already experimented in courses related to these forms of knowledge, there is insufficient evidence to ascertain that their current knowledge would allow them to integrate technologies as a didactic resource within the teaching of the subject of quadratic function.

Human Dignity before Kant

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remy Debes
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Rational Agency ◽  
The Enlightenment

Most modern discussions of human dignity give historical pride of place to Immanuel Kant and his idea that dignity is grounded in human rational agency or autonomy. This chapter challenges this practice by articulating a “second story” about dignity—a story that also unfolded during the Enlightenment, but which grounded dignity in human passionate agency. Thus it is suggested that a range of thinkers, including Rousseau, Adam Smith, and Smith’s French translator, Sophie De Grouchey, all seemed to have inclined in this new direction. However, above all others, this chapter lauds Denis Diderot’s contribution to this second story of human dignity. Correspondingly, the essay culminates in an examination of Diderot’s wide-ranging inquiries into human nature, politics, and social theory.

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