Paradoxes of Control: The (Electronic) Monitoring and Reporting System of the Dutch High Speed Alliance (HSA)

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kees Boersma ◽  
Sytze F. Kingma ◽  
Marcel Veenswijk
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Electronic Monitoring ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Control Versus ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control

Recently, some the large public (transport) infrastructures became an important issue on the Dutch political agenda. It was especially the High Speed Alliance (HSA), one of the major transport infra-structural projects in the Netherlands that attracted a lot of attention. On one hand, this project was highly advanced from a technical point of view; on the other hand, the HSA was characterized by enormous (budgetary, time, and technical) problems. A large part of these problems was supposed to be covered by a complex (electronic) monitoring and reporting system. The system, which was established to exclude uncertainty and risk, created its own uncertainty. In this paper, the authors examine the role of this system in the process of rationalization and control within the HSA-organization by focusing upon the process of sensemaking. The authors argue that the problems within the HSA can best be understood in terms of a paradox: rationalization and control versus local, individual freedom and initiatives. Three major paradoxes have been distinguished: the cost paradox, the control paradox, and the risk paradox.

Система дистанційного моніторингу та керування кліматичними параметрами приміщень в процесі промислового виробництва

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Ігор Бережний ◽  
◽  
Адріан Наконечний ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Remote Monitoring And Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control ◽  
Communication Lines

Based on the research and comparative analysis of existing systems, an algorithm for remote monitoring and control of the technological process using IoT technologies is proposed and developed. We consider a system with flexible algorithms, which combines different data protocols using Wi-Fi technology, which allows you to use this type of system in any industry safely with high speed, energy efficiency and without the cost of communication lines.

The Role of Polyculture in Sustainable Agricultural Development and Prevention of Land Degradation

2022 ◽  
pp. 132-153
Author(s):  
Milan Marković ◽  
Ivana Marjanović
Keyword(s):  
Land Degradation ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Sufficient Food ◽  
Growing Population ◽  
Research Show

The aim of the chapter is to show the possible impact of policulture farming on some determinants of sustainable agricultural development, especially from the point of view of economic viability, biodiversity, and land degradation. Increasing the area under polyculture is one of the main solutions to the present environmental problems. The key constraints are economic pressures due to the question of the cost-effectiveness of such a mode of production and the need to provide sufficient food for a growing population, especially in developing countries. The results of the research show that policulture (organic agriculture) should be favored, while monoculture farming must be adequately directed and put in the function of achieving ecological goals of sustainable development as much as possible. In addition, on the example of European countries, it was assessed that there are good conditions for further “greening” of agriculture, bearing in mind the movement of the analyzed indicators.

scholarly journals Ethical and political dilemmas of local self-government in Poland in the course of systemic transformations (1990–2018)

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 7-26
Author(s):  
Michał Kasiński
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Local Democracy ◽  
Control Rights ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Election Process ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Government Reforms ◽  
And Control

The study presents critical reflections on the course and results of Polish local self-government reforms from March 1990, when after 40 years of the system of territorial soviets (national councils), self-government was reintroduced into communes, until January 2018, when an attempt to improve the systemic institutions of self-government in communes, poviats and voivodships was once again revisited. The author points out significant discrepancies between the basic ethical and political values of local self-government, i.e. democracy, independence and efficiency, and the changing content of self-government systemic laws as well as the practice of local authorities’ operations, and formulates proposals aimed at repairing Polish local self-government by adjusting its organisation and functioning to the principles resulting from the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and the European Charter of Local Self-Government. He considers as the most important the elimination of pathological phenomena of simulated local democracy which include: a drastically low turnout in elections and referenda, the disappearance of democratic responsibility of local self-government bodies, and the autonomy of the directly elected executive body of the commune from the influence of the local representation. From this point of view, he positively assesses the new regulations, strengthening the guarantee of transparency of operations carried out by local self-government bodies and control rights of councillors, as well as expanding the catalogue of initiative, consultative and control powers of citizens. He points out, however, that ensuring real democracy in of the local authorities requires a deeper reconstruction of the principles of self-government, the election process, and strengthening the role of representation in creating and enforcing the responsibility of executive bodies.

scholarly journals PERIFERIAS TURÍSTICAS: LA ARTICULACIÓN DE UN DESTINO RURAL DE BORDE METROPOLITANO. EL CASO DEL SURESTE DE MADRID

2020 ◽  
pp. 215-247
Author(s):  
Claudia Yubero Bernabé ◽  
María García Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Economic Sector ◽  
Public Programs ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
La Red

El sureste de Madrid ha sido recientemente incorporado en la agenda política regional como oportunidad para el reequilibrio turístico del territorio. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar el papel de los 6 principales programas acometidos desde su capacidad para generar adhesión entre los agentes locales y articulación de la red de gestión pública del turismo. El resultado del análisis refleja la realidad de unas relaciones intracomarcales débiles y polarizadas por el gobierno regional, así como un sector económico diversificado (que dificulta la adhesión del sector privado a los programas). Solo algunos atisbos de cooperación en “la periferia de la periferia” emergen como efectos positivos de tales programas. Se llama la atención hacia las limitaciones en la construcción de un destino rural de base comarcal en territorios periféricos bajo influencia metropolitana. The southeast of Madrid has recently been incorporated into the regional political agenda as an opportunity for the tourist rebalancing of the territory. The objective of this work is to evaluate the role of the 6 main programs undertaken from the point of view of their capacity to generate articulation in this destination. The result of the analysis reflects the reality of weak relationships at the intra-regional level that are polarized by the regional government, as well as a diversified economic sector (which hinders the engagement of the private sector to public programs). Only a few glimpses of cooperation in “the periphery of the periphery” emerge as positive effects of such programs. Attention is drawn to the limitations in the construction of a rural destination with a regional base in peripheral territories under metropolitan influence.  

scholarly journals The Influence of Carbon Tax on the Feasibility of Industrial Project: A Case Study of Heat Exchanger Replacement at PT Kaltim Methanol Industri, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Wingo Wira Dewanatan ◽  
Muhammad Kurniawan Adiputra ◽  
Imam Karfendi Putro ◽  
Soni Hartanto ◽  
Jonas Kristanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Financial Policies ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Industrial Project ◽  
The Cost

Petrochemical industries have faced growing pressure to decrease their carbon emission from direct and indirect sources. This work aims to demonstrate a carbon tax’s introduction to a feasibility study on the heat exchanger (HE) replacement project at PT Kaltim Methanol Industri, Indonesia. The project was aimed to avoid methanol release as much as 48.88 MT/year. The release of methanol can also be associated with CO2 emission with an emission factor of 0.6 ton CO2e/ton methanol. Here, we investigated the influence of inclusion and exclusion of carbon tax to monetize the CO2 release. From the project investment point of view, carbon tax inclusion is expected to increase the cost-saving. Introduction of the carbon tax as high as 10 USD/ton CO2e with 5% annual increase gives IRR value of 7.06% with Payout Time (PoT) of ca. 11 years. The IRR value without carbon tax scenario is 6.68 % with the same range of PoT. Hence, the inclusion of carbon tax may increase the feasibility of the project. This work has demonstrated the positive role of the carbon tax to increase the feasibility of a project which inlines with the national initiatives to curb the CO2 emission from chemical industries. It is also worth noting that introduction of carbon tax should be accompanied by a reorganization of government incentives, including several financial policies to create a conducive atmosphere for investors in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Modeling and optimization of hourglass-shaped aquaporins

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (08) ◽  
pp. 1529-1564
Author(s):  
Matthieu Bonnivard ◽  
Florian Omnès ◽  
Yannick Privat
Keyword(s):  
Chem Phys ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Optimal Shapes ◽  
Regularity Properties ◽  
Good Filtration ◽  
Single File Transport ◽  
Energy Dissipated ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Filtration Properties

This paper is concerned with aquaporins (AQPs), that are proteins playing the role of water-selective channels also called nanopores, involved in many biological systems. From a technological point of view, it is relevant to design systems enjoying as good filtration properties. Inspired by [S. Gravelle, L. Joly, C. Ybert and L. Bocquet, Large permeabilities of hourglass nanopores: From hydrodynamics to single file transport, J. Chem. Phys. 141 (2014) 18C526], we investigate in a quite general framework shape optimization issues related to the improvement of hourglass-shaped aquaporins performances, in terms of energy dissipated by the fluid through the channel. After modeling this problem mathematically, we show that it is well-posed in some sense, and compute the so-called shape derivative of the cost functional in view of numerical simulations. Noting that our framework requires regularity properties of the free boundary, we introduce a dedicated numerical method, using in particular a proper shape gradient extension-regularization to adapt the mesh at each iteration, in an adequate way. Optimal shapes of aquaporins are then provided for relevant values of parameters, and we finally discuss the observed performances with respect to the existing results/literature.

scholarly journals Alluvial lands of Vasilyevsky Island at the start of the urbanization of the third millennium

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-26
Author(s):  
L. P. Lavrov ◽  
◽  
F. V. Perov ◽  
E. G. Molotkova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Residential Development ◽  
City Center ◽  
Negative Factor ◽  
Transport Connectivity ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City ◽  
Further Development

The article analyzes some variants of assimilation of new territories and development of unbuilt sites on the example of alluvial lands of Vasilyevsky Island.The data on the functional load, architectural and artistic features and principles of investment are regarded. The exclusive role of transport connectivity and framework is emphasized. The authors are of the opinion that the idea of laying a high-speed highway through the city center on Vasilyevsky Island is really a breakthrough significantly increasing St. Petersburg urban development potential. It is underlined that the sale of economy-class apartments, which had been conceived as the main source of financing the work according to the plans of 2017, has failed to become a sufficient basis for the cost of land reclamation and creation of a representative coastal multifunctional complex. According to the authors, the negative factor in this aspect was the inertia of the design and construction system, which has developed in St. Petersburg for many decades and is focused on the mass residential development of vast peripheral territories, and does not envisage the development of a highly urbanized environment. Considerations about the prospects for further development of building on the alluvial lands of Vasilyevsky Island are offered.

Structure and Management of European R&D Projects

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
N. Arranz ◽  
J. C. Fdez. de Arroyabe
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Framework Programmes ◽  
And Control ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Structural Point

Collaboration between economic agents, especially in technological areas, is characterized by ambiguity in terminology, multiple analytical approaches, a diversity of objectives and multiple organizational forms, among which the network constitutes the most important example of ‘common organization’ in international collaboration. This paper describes the main factors in the structure of a network that develops an R&D project and the predominant aspects of its management. The authors then discuss an empirical study based on technological projects developed within the framework of European RTD programmes. The sample comprises 350 industrial liaison organizations (ILOs) which often take an active part in the European Commission's Framework Programmes. The results show, from a structural point of view, how a network is shaped for technological product development. From the management perspective, the discussion highlights the role of the promoter and partners in achieving a project's objectives in terms of organization, decision and control.

scholarly journals Sustainable Scheduling of Material Handling Activities in Labor-Intensive Warehouses: A Decision and Control Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Carli ◽  
Mariagrazia Dotoli ◽  
Salvatore Digiesi ◽  
Francesco Facchini ◽  
Giorgio Mossa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Optimal Schedule ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Penalty Cost ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control

In recent years, the continuous increase of greenhouse gas emissions has led many companies to investigate the activities that have the greatest impact on the environment. Recent studies estimate that around 10% of worldwide CO2 emissions derive from logistical supply chains. The considerable amount of energy required for heating, cooling, and lighting as well as material handling equipment (MHE) in warehouses represents about 20% of the overall logistical costs. The reduction of warehouses’ energy consumption would thus lead to a significant benefit from an environmental point of view. In this context, sustainable strategies allowing the minimization of the cost of energy consumption due to MHE represent a new challenge in warehouse management. Consistent with this purpose, a two-step optimization model based on integer programming is developed in this paper to automatically identify an optimal schedule of the material handling activities of electric mobile MHEs (MMHEs) (i.e., forklifts) in labor-intensive warehouses from profit and sustainability perspectives. The resulting scheduling aims at minimizing the total cost, which is the sum of the penalty cost related to the makespan of the material handling activities and the total electricity cost of charging batteries. The approach ensures that jobs are executed in accordance with priority queuing and that the completion time of battery recharging is minimized. Realistic numerical experiments are conducted to evaluate the effects of integrating the scheduling of electric loads into the scheduling of material handling operations. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the model in identifying the optimal battery-charging schedule for a fleet of electric MMHEs from economic and environmental perspectives simultaneously.

Visual and Acoustic Display in Uca Mordax and U. Burgersi, Sibling Species of Neotropical Fiddler Crabs. I. Waving Display

Behaviour ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 83 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 229-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinrich-Otto Von Hagen
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Fiddler Crabs ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Waving Display ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Major Cheliped ◽  
Evolutionary Point ◽  
Analysis Of Motion

AbstractThe fiddler crabs Uca mordax and U. burgersi, living sympatrically from Guatemala to southern Brazil, were until recently discussed as belonging to only one species, because their similarities refer not only to morphology but also to their waving displays, which were called "indistinguishable". A frame-by-frame analysis of motion pictures taken in Trinidad (W.I.) confirmed the presence of many similarities in respect to the special "jerking" type of waving display, the mean duration of routine waves, the effect of increasing excitation, the pattern of leg-waving and the presence of a "precursory" downstroke" of the major cheliped. However, a closer analysis of certain components or elements of the display yielded various interspecific differences. In burgersi there is the tendency to omit the precursory downstroke and to extend all motion components at the cost of all kinds of pauses, while in mordax the contrary is true. Furthermore, the movements of the minor cheliped show a different pattern in the two species. The differences found are discussed in respect to differences in the allometry of the major cheliped and from an evolutionary point of view. It is concluded that the waving display of mordax represents the more ancestral type. The role of the waving display as a possible means of reproductive isolation will be discussed in part II of this study dealing with the acoustic display.

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