scholarly journals Revisiting Spleen Function and Pneumococcal Risk in Children with Hemoglobin SC Disease

Blood ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 138 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 768-768
Author(s):  
Charlotte Pourdieu ◽  
Sara El Hoss ◽  
Enora Le Roux ◽  
Justine Pages ◽  
Berengere Koehl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Pneumococcal Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Splenic Function ◽  
Routine Administration ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Hemoglobin Sc Disease

Abstract Spleen dysfunction and susceptibility to pneumococcal infection is a well known feature in homozygous sickle cell disease (HbSS), whilst to date splenic function in hemoglobin SC disease (HbSC) has been poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to analyze spleen function in children with HbSC disease using a high-throughput validated method (1) and to examine if the current recommendations regarding pneumococcal risk are appropriate in this population. Spleen function was evaluated using a flow cytometry quantification of red blood cells (RBCs) with Howell-Jolly bodies (HJBs), in a cross-sectional study of patients at steady state during an outpatient visit in an expert center. Quantification of HJB-RBCs was performed in children with HbSC disease aged < 10 years and compared to children with HbSS disease or healthy children of the same age groups, or splenectomized children. Additional exploratory analysis was performed according to age (under or above the age of 5 years old) and treatment group (hydroxyurea). The median (Q1-Q3) HJB-RBCs count was 16 (11-28.25) /100.000 RBCs in 40 HbSC children (Figure 1). This result was not statistically different from the control group of 22 healthy children (p=0.96) nor in subgroups < or ≥ 5 years old, indicating that children with HbSC under 10 years have a preserved splenic function. Expectedly, the HJB-RBCs counts differed significantly from splenectomized children (419 (296-489)/100.000 RBCs, n=15, p<0.0001). By contrast, among the 53 HbSS children, the median HJB-RBCs count was 134 (29-216) /100.000 RBCs, differing significantly from HbSC children (p<0.0001). In HbSS children, HJB-RBCs counts increased significantly with age (r=0.30, p=0.03), showing important variability among subjects but did not reach the level found in splenectomized patients suggesting that complete loss of spleen function occurs presumably later in a majority of children in this population. Treatment with hydroxyurea did not significantly impact HJB-RBCs counts in a subgroup analysis in HbSS children. The result of this study suggests that spleen function in children under 10 years old with HbSC is not altered. The routine administration of prophylactic penicillin to young children with SC disease may therefore be questioned. Similarly, fever in children with HbSC under 3 years old may not require parenteral antibiotics as it is generally currently recommended by analogy to children with HbSS. Functional or anatomical asplenia in children with HbSC is delayed compared to those with HbSS at least after the first decade of life. Future large cohort studies using similar methodology will allow better evaluation of the pneumococcal risk in adolescents and adults with Hb SC disease. Bibliography (1) El Hoss S, Dussiot M, Renaud O, Brousse V, El Nemer W. A novel non-invasive method to measure splenic filtration function in humans. Haematologica. oct 2018;103(10):e436-9. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures El Nemer: Hemanext: Consultancy.

scholarly journals Reference values of electrographic and cardiac ultrasound parameters in Russian healthy children and adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldine Landon ◽  
Isabelle Denjoy ◽  
Enora Clero ◽  
Aleksandr Silenok ◽  
Irina Kurnosova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cardiac Ultrasound ◽  
Relevant Feature ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Echocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Electrocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Ultrasound Parameters

AbstractBetween 2009 and 2013, a large cross-sectional study on the health consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear accident was performed in the contaminated and uncontaminated territories of the Bryansk Oblast (Russian Federation). The objective of this work was to confirm or refute a possible association between childhood cardiac arrhythmia and a chronic exposure to caesium-137. As part of this study, a large number of electrocardiographic and cardiac ultrasound parameters were collected from 18,152 children aged 2–18 years including 12,512 healthy ones not contaminated with caesium-137. It seemed therefore relevant for us to share in a second publication these medical data based on healthy and uncontaminated children with the scientific community because of the large quantities and the limited availability of such kind of data. In the present study, relating to electrocardiographic parameters, the measurements performed fully reflect the expected evolution of the paediatric electrocardiogram between 5 and 18 years of age. Thus, the median values were generally quite close to those available in the literature. In contrast, differences in the 2nd and 98th percentiles were notable and could be explained in particular by the type of equipment used, the number of subjects included in the study and racial disparities. As for echocardiographic parameters, the evolution of the measured values in age groups is consistent with what was expected considering factors such as growth. In comparison with other scientific studies that have investigated these echocardiographic parameters, some differences by age groups have been identified. The ethnic factor truly appears to be a relevant feature to consider. In view of the results, it appeared essential to the authors to approach the methodological conditions of the scientific studies already published on the topic to be truly comparable and thus to provide a reliable answer on a topic for which real expectations in terms of medical care are required.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF ASTHMAAND ITS MEDICATIONS ON DENTAL CARIES STATUS AND STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS COUNT IN CHILDREN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Sneha Upadhyay ◽  
Jyoti Bhavthankar ◽  
Mandakini Mandale ◽  
Nivedita Kaorey
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background: Asthma and its medications have been linked to oral diseases in asthmatic children. Aim: Assessment of the dental caries status, salivary Streptococcus mutans count and S. mutans colony score in children receiving inhaled anti asthmatic medications and their comparison in healthy children Material and Method: A cross-sectional study was performed on 40 asthmatic children and 40 healthy children in the age group of 6-14 years. DMFT/deft indices were calculated and saliva samples were collected. Diluted saliva was inoculated on MSB agar plates. S. mutans count and colony score were analysed after 24-48 hours of inoculation. Results: Statistically significant difference was observed in the mean DMFT/deft index, salivary S. mutans load and S. mutans colony score in children of the asthmatic group and control group. Conclusion: Prevalence of dental caries and cariogenic bacteria is higher in asthmatic children.

scholarly journals Can Meals Outside Homes Impact Sodium Intake?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Pita Ruiz ◽  
Margareth Guimarães Lima ◽  
Lhais de Paula Barbosa Medina ◽  
Renata Luz Pinto ◽  
Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Study Participants

ABSTRACT Background The WHO currently recommends a daily sodium intake of 2 g and has established the goal of a 30% reduction in mean salt intake by 2025. Objective We sought to estimate sodium intake in study participants according to the locations of where they consumed meals and their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and practices related to salt consumption. Methods A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 2574 individuals aged ≥10 y who answered the 2015 Campinas-Brazil Nutrition Survey. Mean sodium intake was estimated using a 24-h recall log and associations with the independent variables were tested using generalized regression analysis stratified by age group. Results Sodium intake was higher in male participants as well as adolescents and adults who reported eating ≥1 meal outside the home (6.07% and 7.06% increase, respectively). Per meal, sodium was consumed more outside the home at breakfast, during an afternoon snack, and at dinner among adolescents. No significant differences were found in the analysis by type of meal among the adults and seniors. Conclusions Sodium intake exceeded the WHO recommendation in all age groups analyzed. Having ≥1 meal outside the home was associated with greater sodium intake among adolescents and adults. Measures to regulate the food industry and dietary/nutritional education strategies targeting consumers are important to reducing the sodium intake of the population.

scholarly journals Psychological and behavioural aspects in children and adolescents with congenital hypothyroidism diagnosed by neonatal screening: comparison between parents' and children's perceptions

2011 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Bisacchi ◽  
Milva Orquidea Bal ◽  
Laura Nardi ◽  
Ilaria Bettocchi ◽  
Graziana D'Addabbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Neonatal Screening ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Behavioural Aspects

ObjectiveTo compare the psychological adjustment and behaviour of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) children and their parents with a control group.Study designA cross-sectional study was carried out with 84 CH subjects diagnosed by neonatal screening (range 2.7–18.6 years), subdivided into four age groups: group 1 (2–5 years); group 2 (6–10 years); group 3 (11–13 years); and group 4 (14–18 years) and was compared with an age-matched control group. Patients were assessed using two questionnaires: Child Behaviour Checklist for parents and Youth Self-Report for children over 11 years of age.ResultsIn groups 1, 3 and 4, total score (TS), internalising score (IS=problems within the self) and externalising score (ES=conflicts with other people) as reported by parents were not significantly different in CH patients and in controls. In group 2, parents of CH children showed values of TS (P<0.05), IS (P<0.05), ES (P<0.05) and scores on other scales significantly higher than controls. In self-reports of groups 3 and 4, the behavioural scales were not significantly different in CH patients and in controls.ConclusionsPaediatricians should be informed about the increased risk of the development of behavioural problems at primary school age in CH patients. At this age special attention should be paid to parental worries and anxiety. However, it can be reassuring for the patients and parents to know that the problems may be related to CH, and that they may spontaneously disappear.

scholarly journals A study of voice quality in obese Egyptian children

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa Abdel Hamid ◽  
Hend Soliman ◽  
Rasha Abdelhalim
Keyword(s):  
Voice Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Voice Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Egyptian Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Obesity is considered a health problem that affects many systems of the body among which the respiration and voice. The objective of the study was to analyze the impact of obesity in children on quality of their voice. Thirty obese children were included in this cross-sectional study and compared to 30 age- and sex-matched healthy children as a control group. Voice of cases and controls were assessed subjectively by auditory perceptual assessment and objectively by studying acoustic parameters using Computerized Speech Lab. Flexible laryngoscopy was done for cases with dysphonia. Results Dysphonia perceived in 60% of cases, voice analysis revealed increased jitter and noise to harmonic ratio with significant difference than controls. Conclusion The voice of children with morbid obesity reveals significant modifications pertaining to vocal characteristics in comparison to non-obese persons, so voice hygiene and voice therapy could be added to their therapy program as prophylactic or therapeutic management of voice disorder.

scholarly journals Quantification of macular perfusion in healthy children using optical coherence tomography angiography

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Ghassemi ◽  
Vahid Hatami ◽  
Farhad Salari ◽  
Fatemeh Bazvand ◽  
Hadi Shamouli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Avascular Zone ◽  
Capillary Plexus

Abstract Background This study aimed at defining the variance of vessel density (VD) characteristics in the macula of children with normal eyes. Methods This was a cross-sectional study in which subjects with normal eyes aged 3–18 years were enrolled. The macula was scanned by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Four age groups as under 7 years, 7–10 years, 11–14 years and more than 14 years of age were defined. The influences of age, gender, and body mass index on VD were analyzed. Results A total of 108 normal eyes from 54 participants with a mean age of 10.9 years were enrolled in the study. At the superficial and deep retina capillary plexus (SCP and DCP) and choriocapillaris (CC), respectively, the mean VD of the fovea was 20.10%, 36.99%, and 75.67%; at parafovea, these measurements were 53.12%, 55.81%, and 69.76%; and at perifovea, these measures were 51.38%, 52.46%, and 73.47%. The median foveal avascular zone (FAZ) was 0.30 mm2. No significant differences between superior-hemi VD and inferior-hemi VD were found in the studied plexuses. The VD at parafovea and perifovea CC differed significantly between groups. There was no variation in VD of macular retina and CC between eyes or sex. FAZ areas were different between genders. Conclusions No difference between eyes and genders in the retina and CC VD of macular area was noted. FAZ area was larger in male. Even though this is not a longitudinal study, it may provide us with hints about macular vascular development during puberty and clinical implications of OCTA in children.

scholarly journals The Effect of The Height of a Second-Degree Relative on Children with Short Stature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seda Yılmaz Semerci ◽  
Hasan Onal ◽  
Neval Topal ◽  
Rengin Siraneci
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Target Height ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Degree

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the heights of second-degree relatives on adult height. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Healthy children who applied to the general pediatric outpatient clinic to monitor the development of growth were considered as control group. Case group consisted of patients over 3 years of age with genetic, idiopathic short stature or without short stature but below the target height. All participants had either an uncle and an aunt with a short stature. Two groups were compared for their demographic characteristics and family information. Results: The control group consisted of 43 children who were older than 3 years. A total of 101 cases of short stature were included in the study. Prevalence rates of idiopathic (39.6%: n=40), familial (36.6%: n=37), and constitutional (23.7%: n=24) short stature were as indicated. When the males included in the study were examined from different perspectives (case, control, presence of consanguineous marriage), the height of the uncle was predicted to be closer to or equal to the target height. Conclusion: In case of short stature, the ‘target height’ criterion alone is shown to be not reliable in the assessment of genetic compatibility as well as the deviation from the predicted final height. Predicted final height was demonstrated to be similar to aunt height for girls and uncle height for boys. Therefore, the height of a second-degree relative can be used as an aid in the estimation.

scholarly journals Six-Minute Walk Test in Pediatric Cardiac Patients

2017 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Mohammed Sayed Elyan ◽  
Salah El-din Amry Ahmed ◽  
Hekma Saad Farghaly
Keyword(s):  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Life Activities ◽  
One Year

Background The 6MWT (6MWT) is a self-paced walking test generally used to assess the functional capacity in people with chronic conditions the main outcome is the distance that a person can walk in 6 minutes. The 6 MWT is originally developed to measure the submaximal level of functional capacity in adult patients with moderate to severe heart or lung diseases and has been extensively used in other patient populations. Because the test reflects an exercise level close to that of daily life activities, it is easy to administer, is well tolerated by patients, and is increasingly being used as a functional outcome measure for people with chronic conditions, including pediatric populations. Patients and methods Our study is a cross sectional study to discuss the effect of cardiac diseases on the functional capacity of pediatric patients suffering from cardiac diseases compared with control group via 6MWT. The study included pediatric patients admitted to pediatric cardiology unit at Assiut University children hospital from age of 5 to 18 years at duration of one year from 1/8/2016 to 31/7/2017. The Patients One hundred cases (100) cases (52 males and 48 females) were suffering from cardiac diseases (42 suffering from CHD, 38 suffering from RHD and remaining 20 cases suffering from cardiomyopathy). The Control Hundred healthy children (50 males and 50 females). From primary, preparatory and secondary schools from the same age category of the patients. Results: 34 cases of congenital adrenal hyperplasia were included, of whom 8 cases were newly diagnosed on admission while 26 cases were previously diagnosed and came for follow up, 41.2% were males, 58.8% were females.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KEGIATAN POSYANDU AYAH TERHADAP PENCAPAIAN SKDN DI POSYANDU DESA PULO GEBANG DAN POSYANDU DESA GUBUS BANARAN WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS TEMBELANG KABUPATEN JOMBANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Mudhawaroh Mudhawaroh ◽  
Septi Fitrah Ningtyas ◽  
Niken Grah Prihartanti
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
A Value

Introduction: Posyandu is one form of Community-Based Health Efforts (UKBM) which is managed and organized from, by, for, and together with the community in organizing health development, in order to empower the community and provide facilities to the public in obtaining basic health services to accelerate the decline in numbers maternal and infant deaths. In addition, posyandu is a form of community participation that truly carries enormous significance for the health and welfare of the community. Posyandu success can be seen from the achievement of SKDN. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of father's Posyandu activities on the achievement of SKDN. Method: This study used an observational analytic method with a cross sectional study design. The population in this study is the population in this study are all participants in Posyandu activities, the sampling technique used in this study is simple random sampling. A sample of 50 people in both groups. Data analysis was performed by univariate and bivariate, statistical testing using the Mann Whitney Test with a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05). Results: Almost all toddlers in the father's posyandu group experienced an increase in July - September by 44 (88%) and in the control group the majority rose by 34 (68%). Respondent participation (D / S) with a value> 80% was found in the case group, while the increase in body weight in the last 3 months with a value> 80% was found in the case group. p <α, where the value is 0.047 <0, 05 so that it can be concluded that there is an influence of the father's Posyandu activity on the achievement of SKDN. Discussion: With the presence of the father's posyandu and toddlers' posyandu, it can increase public awareness about the importance of toddler health, by participating will also increase the child's weight. The simplest indicator in a posyandu is "Healthy children get older, gain weight" And this is also an icon of the existence of a posyandu (weighing post), as well as acting as an output for all activities at the posyandu.  Keywords: Father's Posyandu, SKDN Achievement, Toddler  

scholarly journals Different Clinical Features of Celiac Disease in Children, Adolescents, and Adults; a Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
Ramin Niknam ◽  
Alireza Salehi ◽  
Hossein Molavi Vardanjani ◽  
Mohammad Reza Fattahi ◽  
Seyed-Mohsen Dehghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

BACKGROUND Celiac disease is a common disorder but there are few studies comparing the clinical features of the disease in adults, adolescents and children. METHODS Demographic and clinical characteristics of all patients with celiac disease referred to the Celiac Clinic were evaluated and compared in different age groups. RESULTS Of 3416 participants, 473 patients were included. 302 (63.8%) were women and 171 (36.2%) were men. Overall, 325 (68.7%) and 411 (86.9%) patients had gastrointestinal (GI) and non-GI manifestations, respectively. The most common symptom in adults was psychiatric problems (66.5%), while abdominal discomfort was the most common symptom in adolescents (45.2%) and children (53.8%). According to age groups, GI manifestations were seen in 79 (66.4%), 119 (59.8%), and 127 (81.9%) children, adolescents, and adults, respectively. Adults had significantly more GI manifestations than the other groups (PR 1.167; 95% CI: 1.094- 1.244; p < 0.001). Non-GI manifestations were seen in 90 (75.6%), 174 (87.4%), and 147 (94.8%) children, adolescents, and adults, respectively. Adults had significantly more non-GI manifestations than the other groups (PR 1.112; 95% CI: 1.060-1.168; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our study showed that there were significant differences in the clinical features of celiac disease between the different age groups. Considering these results may help plan for future studies.

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