Neurologic complications in patients with lymphoid cancer

Blood ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Nayak ◽  
Tracy T Batchelor
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Paraneoplastic Syndromes ◽  
Neurologic Complications ◽  
Local Spread ◽  
Neurologic Deficits ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Oncologic Therapy

Neurologic complications of lymphoid cancer can be challenging to recognize and treat. The nervous system can be affected directly by hematogenous or local spread of lymphoma. Indirect neurologic effects of lymphoma include paraneoplastic syndromes and vascular complications. Lymphoma treatments can also cause neurologic complications. Early identification and treatment are crucial to stabilize or reverse neurologic deficits, prevent further nervous system injury, and to optimize overall oncologic therapy. This article provides an overview of different neurologic complications of lymphoma and its treatments, in addition to presentation of case studies that emphasize commonly encountered clinical scenarios.

Neurologic Complications of Cancer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soma Sengupta ◽  
Eudocia Q Lee ◽  
Patrick Y Wen
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Paraneoplastic Syndromes ◽  
Neurologic Complications ◽  
Neurologic Injury ◽  
Key Words Cancer ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Central Nervous System Metastases

Neurologic complications from cancer and its therapies can significantly impact mortality and morbidity. Early recognition and intervention are key to preventing permanent neurologic injury. This review discusses common and uncommon neurologic complications of cancer, including central nervous system metastases, treatment-related neurotoxicities (including immunotherapies), and paraneoplastic syndromes. Workup and management of these neurologic complications are also addressed. Key words: cancer, chemotherapy, metastases, nervous system complications, paraneoplastic syndromes

Neurologic Complications of Cancer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soma Sengupta ◽  
Eudocia Q Lee ◽  
Patrick Y Wen
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Paraneoplastic Syndromes ◽  
Neurologic Complications ◽  
Neurologic Injury ◽  
Key Words Cancer ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Central Nervous System Metastases

Neurologic complications from cancer and its therapies can significantly impact mortality and morbidity. Early recognition and intervention are key to preventing permanent neurologic injury. This review discusses common and uncommon neurologic complications of cancer, including central nervous system metastases, treatment-related neurotoxicities (including immunotherapies), and paraneoplastic syndromes. Workup and management of these neurologic complications are also addressed. Key words: cancer, chemotherapy, metastases, nervous system complications, paraneoplastic syndromes

scholarly journals The co-occurrence of leukemoid reaction and hypercalcemia in a patient with endometrial cancer: A case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042110040
Author(s):  
Weimin Tao ◽  
Qin Yan ◽  
Yao Zhou ◽  
Yanli Wang ◽  
Zhiqiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Metabolic Alkalosis ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Paraneoplastic Syndromes ◽  
Leukemoid Reaction ◽  
Clinical Prognosis ◽  
Infection Treatment

Paraneoplastic syndromes are rarely seen in gynecological tumors especially in endometrial cancer. Early identification of paraneoplastic syndromes plays a significant role in the treatment and prognosis of cancer. Here, we reported a rare case with endometrial cancer with a 2.7 cm × 2.2 cm × 3.4 cm lesion in the posterior cervix presenting leukemoid reaction and hypercalcemia as paraneoplastic syndromes simultaneously. During the progress of the endometrial cancer, her leukocyte level rose up to 60.7 × 109/L after anti-infection treatment. Meanwhile, the patient represented a series of severe clinical situation including hypercalcemia, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis. and respiratory failure. Finally, the patient died of respiratory circulatory failure 2 weeks later. In addition to symptomatic treatment, possible treatment targeted on the primary tumor as early as possible might help to improve the clinical prognosis.

scholarly journals Atypical cutaneous and musculoskeletal manifestation of SARS-CoV-2: ‘COVID-19 toes’ and spasticity in a 48-year-old woman

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e241410
Author(s):  
Avery Kopacz ◽  
Cameron Ludwig ◽  
Michelle Tarbox
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Adult Patient ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
History Of ◽  
Screening Questions ◽  
Insight Into

Establishing accurate symptomatology associated with novel diseases such as COVID-19 is a crucial component of early identification and screening. This case report identifies an adult patient with a history of clotting dysfunction presenting with rare cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19, known as ‘COVID-19 toes’', previously described predominantly in children. Additionally, this patient presented with possible COVID-associated muscle spasticity of the lower limbs, as well as a prolonged and atypical timeline of COVID-19 infection. The rare occurrence of ‘COVID-19 toes’' in this adult patient suggests that her medical history could have predisposed her to this symptom. This supports the coagulopathic hypothesis of this manifestation of COVID-19 and provides possible screening questions for patients with a similar history who might be exposed to the virus. Additionally, nervous system complaints associated with this disease are rare and understudied, so this novel symptom may also provide insight into this aspect of SARS-CoV-2.

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-709
Author(s):  
John C. Gall ◽  
Alvin B. Hayles ◽  
Robert G. Siekert ◽  
Haddow M. Keith
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Mayo Clinic ◽  
Spinal Fluid ◽  
Neurologic Deficits ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Physical Findings

Forty cases of disease of the central nervous system, characterized by several episodes and disseminated lesions, with onset in childhood and clinically typical of multiple sclerosis, were studied. The disease as it occurs in children does not appear to differ clinically from the disease as observed in adults, in respect to mode of onset, symptoms, physical findings, and changes in the spinal fluid. In the Mayo Clinic series, however, almost twice as many girls as boys were affected. A pediatrician confronted with a child showing evidence of scattered neurologic deficits that remit, particularly a disturbance of vision and co-ordination, should consider the possibility of multiple sclerosis.

scholarly journals Vesicular dysfunction and pathways to neurodegeneration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick A. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cellular Control

Abstract Cellular control of vesicle biology and trafficking is critical for cell viability, with disruption of these pathways within the cells of the central nervous system resulting in neurodegeneration and disease. The past two decades have provided important insights into both the genetic and biological links between vesicle trafficking and neurodegeneration. In this essay, the pathways that have emerged as being critical for neuronal survival in the human brain will be discussed – illustrating the diversity of proteins and cellular events with three molecular case studies drawn from different neurological diseases.

The Incidence of SARS-COV-2 Manifestations in the Central Nervous System: A Rapid Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena Mayr ◽  
Glechner Anna ◽  
Gerald Gartlehner ◽  
Irma Klerings ◽  
Peter Lackner
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Treatment Team

Abstract Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and presents itself mainly as a respiratory tract infection. However, reports of associated central nervous system (CNS) manifestations are increasing.Methods: We conducted this rapid review to determine the frequency of CNS manifestations of COVID-19 (CNS symptoms, acute cerebrovascular disease, and infectious/inflammatory CNS diseases) and to summarize the current evidence for direct invasion of the CNS by SARS-CoV-2. An information specialist searched Ovid MEDLINE, the CDC: COVID-19 Research Articles Downloadable and WHO COVID-19 Databases, CENTRAL, and Epistemonikos.org on May 13, 2020. Two reviewers screened abstracts and potentially relevant full-text publications independently. The data extraction, assessment of risk of bias,and certainty of evidence using GRADE was done by one reviewer and double-checked by another. If possible and reasonable, a meta-analysis was carried out.Results: We identified 13 relevant studies (four cohort studies, nine case studies) with a total of 866 COVID-19 patients.In a Chinese cohort, dizziness (16.8%; 36 of 214) and headache (13.1%; 28 of 214) were the most common CNS symptoms reported. A meta-analysis of four cohort studies including 851 COVID-19 patients showed an incidence of 3.3% (95% CI: 2.2–4.9) for ischemic stroke (follow-up: one to five weeks). In 13 of 15 encephalitis case studies, PCR testing of the cerebrospinal fluid did not detect any virus components.Conclusion: CNS manifestations occur frequently in patients with COVID-19. It is important to integrate neurologists into the multiprofessional COVID-19 treatment team to detect neurological complications early and to treat them correctly.

scholarly journals Developmental disabilities: Barriers in early identification

2019 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Rincymol Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Early Intervention Services ◽  
Local Schools ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
The Impact

Background: A healthy active child is a promise for healthy and productive future generation. But sometimes a baby is born with apparent defects or develop disturbances in intellectual, motor and social functioning in early childhood.  This may be due to due to impaired development of the nervous system. It is estimated that in India 2.21% of the population is affected with disabilities out of which a major portion is contributed by disabilities of childhood origin. Developmental disabilities include limitations in function resulting from disorders of the developing nervous system. These limitations manifest during infancy   or childhood   as delays in reaching developmental milestones or lack of function in one or multiple domains including cognition, motor performance, vision, hearing and behavior. Early identification of the disabilities combined with initiation of appropriate medical, educational, social and psychological interventions can maximize the health outcome and minimize the impact of disability. This paper discusses the barriers identified in early intervention of developmental disabilities. Materials and methods: Qualitative Sample:  Parents of children affected with developmental disabilities, Primary School Teachers, Special Educators, Nursing personnel working in the clinical setting. Sample subjects were selected from local schools, and hospital by purposive sampling. Method of data collection:  Focus group discussion. Instruments used: Self developed questionnaire to conduct discussion. Results: The major themes evolved as the barriers in adoption of early intervention programmes were grouped under 7 categories namely intellectual, attitudinal, social, cultural, technological, political and economic barriers.  Conclusion: The study findings suggest direction regarding possible steps to facilitate enhancement of early intervention services by an exploration of the role played by different barriers.

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