Numeracy in Patients with Hemophilia

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 40-40
Author(s):  
Duc Q. Tran ◽  
Vaughn Barry ◽  
Ana G. Antun ◽  
Maria Ribeiro ◽  
Sidney F. Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Hemophilia A ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
College Education ◽  
Chronic Medication ◽  
Stick Figure ◽  
History Of ◽  
Figure Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
History Of Depression

Abstract Background: Numeracy, defined as the ability to handle basic probability and numerical concepts including computation, estimation, logic, and problem solving, is an under-recognized component of health literacy. Numeracy has been shown to influence performance of health tasks in non-hemophilia populations. Little is known about numeracy in the hemophilia population. Since hemophilia treatment requires understanding of numerical concepts to manage factor replacement, it is likely that numeracy also influences performance of health tasks by patients with hemophilia. A greater understanding of numeracy status and the characteristics influencing numeracy in the hemophilia population may allow healthcare providers to better influence health task performance. The objective of this study is to explore numeracy in the hemophilia population using two different tests of numeracy and to evaluate characteristics that are associated with low numeracy. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, adults with moderate or severe hemophilia A or B who spoke and read English were enrolled at their annual visit at the Emory/Children's Health Care of Atlanta Hemophilia Treatment Center (HTC). Numeracy was measured using the validated Schwartz Woloshin (SW) test requiring answers in words and the unvalidated stick figure test requiring answers using images. Subjects were considered numerate with the SW numeracy test if all three questions were answered correctly or with the stick figure numeracy test if all four questions were answered correctly. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics collected included age, race, ethnicity, household income (more or less than $50,000), level of education completed (more or less than completion of college), and duration of time followed at this HTC. Clinical information including type and severity of hemophilia, history of viral infections, history of depression, and use of chronic medication were abstracted from the medical records. Descriptive statistics of each variable and bivariate associations between numerate status and each dependent variable were calculated. Multivariable modeling using logistic regression was performed using the validated SW numeracy test as the dependent variable. Results: Of 91 enrolled participants with complete data, all were men. Most had hemophilia A [n=82 (90%)] and severe disease [69 (76%)]. Median age was 34 years [interquartile range (IQR) 18]. Sixty-three (69%) were Caucasian; 5 (6%) were Hispanic; 55 (61%) reported income of <$50,000; 33 (36%) had received an undergraduate degree or higher. Median duration of time followed at the HTC was 17.0 years [IQR 18]. Twenty-four (26%) were HIV positive; 54 (59%) were HCV positive; and 19 (21%) had history of depression. Forty-one (45%) used at least one chronic medication other than factor replacement. Using the SW numeracy test, there were 22 (24%) participants who were numerate. Using the stick figure numeracy test, 60 (66%) were numerate. Only 20 (22%) of all the participants answered all seven questions correctly; two participants (2%) were numerate on the SW test but not on the stick figure test; 40 participants (44%) were numerate on the stick figure numeracy test but not on the SW test; 29 (32%) were not numerate on either test. On bivariable analysis, SW numeracy was associated with higher education (p<0.01), higher income (p=0.035), and the use of chronic medication (p=0.048). On multivariable analysis, after adjusting for age, race, and ethnicity, SW numeracy was associated with higher education (OR 6.21, 95% CI = 1.95-19.76), use of chronic medication (OR 4.31, 95% CI = 1.29-14.34), and less time followed at the HTC (OR 0.92, 95% CI = 0.86-0.97). Conclusion: Among patients with hemophilia, a significant proportion of patients were not numerate. Patients with less than a college education were more likely to not be numerate. Accordingly, many patients with less than a college education may struggle to understand basic numeracy concepts and this may influence their understanding of dosing, factor pharmacokinetics and probability. The impact of numeracy on health outcomes and the utility of the SW and stick figure numeracy tests to help guide patient-centered discussions that involve mathematical concepts are important areas of future research. Disclosures Tran: Novo Nordisk: Honoraria. Kempton:Baxter Biopharmaceuticals: Honoraria; Biogen Idec: Honoraria; Kedrion Biopharma: Honoraria; CSL Behring: Honoraria.

Reconsidering a Classic: Assessing the History of Women's Higher Education a Dozen Years after Barbara Solomon

1997 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Eisenmann
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Access To Higher Education ◽  
Normal Schools ◽  
Educational History ◽  
Subsequent Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Women's Higher Education ◽  
The Impact

In this article, Linda Eisenmann examines the role and impact of Barbara Solomon's now classic text in women's educational history, In the Company of Educated Women: A History of Women and Higher Education in America. Eisenmann analyzes how Solomon's book influenced, defined, and in some ways limited the field of women's educational history. She shows how current historical research — such as the study of normal schools and academies — grew out of Solomon's work. She points out where the book is innovative and indispensable and where it disappoints us as teachers and scholars in the 1990s. Eisenmann criticizes Solomon for placing too much emphasis on women's access to higher education, thereby ignoring the importance of wider historical and educational influences such as economics, women's occupational choices, and the treatment of women in society at large. Finally, Eisenmann examines the state of subsequent research in women's higher educational history. She urges researchers to investigate beyond the areas defined by Solomon's work and to assess the impact of these neglected subjects on women's experiences in education.

Abstract 14134: The Impact of Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation on Dementia Incidence in Patients With and Without Depression

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi T May ◽  
Tami L Bair ◽  
Stacey Knight ◽  
Jeffrey L Anderson ◽  
Joseph B Muhlestein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidities ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
History Of Depression

Introduction: Studies have previously shown that atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with dementia. The mechanisms are likely multifactorial, but may involve treatment strategies that include anticoagulation use and rhythm management, particularly when used early. Patients that have earlier-life depression are at risk of dementia. However, depression diagnosis in AF patients may indicate a patient at higher risk of developing dementia and whether treatments ameliorate that risk is unknown. Methods: A total of 132,703 AF patients without a history of dementia were studied. History of depression was determined at the time of AF diagnosis. Patients were deemed as having a follow-up ablation if it occurred prior to a dementia diagnosis. Patients were stratified into 4 groups based on depression history and follow-up ablation status: no depression, ablation (n=5,960); no depression, no ablation (n=106,986); depression, ablation (n=923); and depression, no ablation (n=18,834). Patients were followed for 5-year incidence of dementia. Results: A total of 14.9% (n=19,757) pts had a history of depression at the time of AF diagnosis. The mean time between depression and AF diagnoses was 4.9±4.8 years. Patients with depression were younger (68±15 vs. 71±14 years), more likely to be female (62% vs. 44%), and had more cardiovascular comorbidities. Mean time to ablation was 1.3±1.4 days (median: 7.7 months) from AF diagnosis. Frequencies of 5-year dementia were: no depression, ablation=1.6%; no depression, no ablation=5.2%; depression, ablation=4.7%; and depression, no ablation=9.7%, p<0.0001. Multivariable comparisons between the groups are shown in the Figure. Conclusion: In AF patients with and without depression, ablation was associated with a lower risk of incident dementia. Rhythm control approaches that improve long-term brain perfusion may represent a means to impact cognitive declines in patients at higher risk because of earlier-life depression.

PHQ-9 and SNOT-22: Elucidating the Prevalence of Depression in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J. Vandelaar ◽  
Zi Yang Jiang ◽  
Alok Saini ◽  
William C. Yao ◽  
Amber U. Luong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sinonasal Outcome Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
History Of Depression ◽  
Snot 22

Objective Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has been associated with comorbid depression, yet the prevalence of depression among all patients with CRS is not well described. The Patient Health Questionnaire–9 (PHQ-9), a validated instrument for diagnosing depression, has been used to assess depression in a variety of clinical settings. PHQ-9 scores ≥10 are the threshold for a depression diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of depression in a rhinology practice and compare the PHQ-9 with the 22-item Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22). Study Design Retrospective chart review. Setting Tertiary rhinology practice. Subjects and Methods During the 2-month period ending April 30, 2018, all rhinology patients were asked to complete the PHQ-9 and SNOT-22. Results Among 216 patients, 46 (21.3%) had a self-reported history of depression, and 39 (18.1%) had a PHQ-9 score ≥10. Of the 39 patients screening positive for depression, 18 (41.9%) had no history of depression. Comparison of PHQ-9 with overall SNOT-22 score had a Pearson’s coefficient of 0.632 ( P < .005). Logistic regression showed that the highest 2 quintiles of SNOT-22 scores had an odds ratio of 60.6 (95% CI, 9.7-378.3) for a positive depression screen (PHQ-9 score ≥10). Conclusion Depression rates (estimated by PHQ-9 responses) among rhinology patients are similar to chronic disease populations; depression may be underdiagnosed in rhinology patients. Higher SNOT-22 scores were associated with higher PHQ-9 scores. Further studies are warranted to understand the impact of comorbid conditions of depression and CRS in patient quality of life.

scholarly journals Higher Education in Modern Europe

2019 ◽  
pp. 257-274
Author(s):  
Vincent Carpentier
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
History Of Higher Education ◽  
Mass Higher Education ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Nation States ◽  
History Of ◽  
Institutional Differentiation ◽  
Medieval Universities ◽  
The Impact

This chapter explores the history of higher education in Europe by considering three intersected dimensions: the global, national, and local spaces or geography of higher education; the contours of the higher education system regarding access, participation, and institutional differentiation; and the cultural, political, social, and economic rationales driving its expansion. Four historical periods are considered: the emergence of the medieval universities and their spread in the feudal order; the demands posed to universities by nation-states and the Enlightenment during the early modern period; the impact of the political and industrial revolutions; and the crisis of mass higher education since 1918. Overall, articulation among the rationales, shapes, and spaces of higher education has changed periodically across history.

scholarly journals A Correlation between Complication in Pregnancy and Postpartum Depression: Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Desy Meldawati
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Maternal Anemia ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
History Of Depression ◽  
In Pregnancy

Postpartum depression is a depression syndrome that occurs in mothers after childbirth and can be prevented and cured. According to Fazraningtyas, in South Kalimantan, to be precise in the city of Banjarmasin, namely Ulin General Hospital of Banjarmasin and Dr. H.M. Ansari Saleh General Hospital of Banjarmasin showed 56.8% mild postpartum depression, 26.1% moderate postpartum depression, 17.0% severe postpartum depression. The impact of mothers experiencing postpartum depression is that mothers have difficulty interacting and can endanger their children. Postpartum depression is caused by several factors, the factors that contributed are complications in pregnancy. This study used a literature review approach. The articles obtained from Google Scholar, Biomed Central, and Pubmed. The criterias applied be restricted. As many as 10 journals are found. Based on the previous study, complications in pregnancy are the cause of postpartum depression. Complications that are often experienced by pregnant women are maternal anemia that can appear during the pregnancy process until the birth process occurs and 30-70% of pregnant women with maternal anemia have a risk of postpartum depression. Second, gestational diabetes is one of the complications of pregnancy that occurs in women who are pregnant. Pregnant women can increase hormones including the progesterone hormone, human placental lactogen estrogen, and cortisol. The last, a history of depression is a cause of postpartum depression because if pregnant women have a history of depression before pregnancy, they will have a higher risk of experiencing postpartum depression.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Hannah Cobb ◽  
Karina Croucher
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Changing Trends ◽  
Key Points ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pedagogic Research ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Impact

This chapter introduces the context of research, teaching, learning, practice, and pedagogy in archaeology, connecting this with changing trends in global higher education, and demonstrating how pedagogy and teaching have been seen as less valuable than research. A history of pedagogic research in archaeology is then presented to demonstrate how this has emerged, and which offers a series of arguments about why pedagogy should be revalued in the discipline. Specifically, we argue four key points: that our students are tomorrow’s practitioners; that pedagogy is fundamentally connected to sociopolitics; that the impact of good pedagogic practice is affective across multiple scales; and that archaeology needs its own pedagogic solutions. In the latter we argue that establishing our own disciplinary pedagogic solutions contributes to broader non-archaeological pedagogic research. In making these arguments we set the scene for the rest of the volume.

scholarly journals Despite worse baseline status depressed patients achieved outcomes similar to those in nondepressed patients after surgery for cervical deformity

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. E10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory W. Poorman ◽  
Peter G. Passias ◽  
Samantha R. Horn ◽  
Nicholas J. Frangella ◽  
Alan H. Daniels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Japanese Orthopaedic Association ◽  
Clinical Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cervical Deformity ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
History Of Depression

OBJECTIVEDepression and anxiety have been demonstrated to have negative impacts on outcomes after spine surgery. In patients with cervical deformity (CD), the psychological and physiological burdens of the disease may overlap without clear boundaries. While surgery has a proven record of bringing about significant pain relief and decreased disability, the impact of depression and anxiety on recovery from cervical deformity corrective surgery has not been previously reported on in the literature. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of depression and anxiety on patients’ recovery from and improvement after CD surgery.METHODSThe authors conducted a retrospective review of a prospective, multicenter CD database. Patients with a history of clinical depression, in addition to those with current self-reported anxiety or depression, were defined as depressed (D group). The D group was compared with nondepressed patients (ND group) with a similar baseline deformity determined by propensity score matching of the cervical sagittal vertical axis (cSVA). Baseline demographic, comorbidity, clinical, and radiographic data were compared among patients using t-tests. Improvement of symptoms was recorded at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. All health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores collected at these follow-up time points were compared using t-tests.RESULTSSixty-six patients were matched for baseline radiographic parameters: 33 with a history of depression and/or current depression, and 33 without. Depressed patients had similar age, sex, race, and radiographic alignment: cSVA, T-1 slope minus C2–7 lordosis, SVA, and T-1 pelvic angle (p > 0.05). Compared with nondepressed individuals, depressed patients had a higher incidence of osteoporosis (21.2% vs 3.2%, p = 0.028), rheumatoid arthritis (18.2% vs 3.2%, p = 0.012), and connective tissue disorders (18.2% vs 3.2%, p = 0.012). At baseline, the D group had greater neck pain (7.9 of 10 vs 6.6 on a Numeric Rating Scale [NRS], p = 0.015), lower mean EQ-5D scores (68.9 vs 74.7, p < 0.001), but similar Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores (57.5 vs 49.9, p = 0.063) and myelopathy scores (13.4 vs 13.9, p = 0.546). Surgeries performed in either group were similar in terms of number of levels fused, osteotomies performed, and correction achieved (baseline to 3-month measurements) (p < 0.05). At 3 months, EQ-5D scores remained lower in the D group (74.0 vs 78.2, p = 0.044), and NDI scores were similar (48.5 vs 39.0, p = 0.053). However, neck pain improved in the D group (NRS score of 5.0 vs 4.3, p = 0.331), and modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) scores remained similar (14.2 vs 15.0, p = 0.211). At 6 months and 1 year, all HRQOL scores were similar between the 2 cohorts. One-year measurements were as follows: NDI 39.7 vs 40.7 (p = 0.878), NRS neck pain score of 4.1 vs 5.0 (p = 0.326), EQ-5D score of 77.1 vs 78.2 (p = 0.646), and mJOA score of 14.0 vs 14.2 (p = 0.835). Anxiety/depression levels reported on the EQ-5D scale were significantly higher in the depressed cohort at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months (all p < 0.05), but were similar between groups at 1 year postoperatively (1.72 vs 1.53, p = 0.416).CONCLUSIONSClinical depression was observed in many of the study patients with CD. After matching for baseline deformity, depression symptomology resulted in worse baseline EQ-5D and pain scores. Despite these baseline differences, both cohorts achieved similar results in all HRQOL assessments 6 months and 1 year postoperatively, demonstrating no clinical impact of depression on recovery up until 1 year after CD surgery. Thus, a history of depression does not appear to have an impact on recovery from CD surgery.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on anti-microbial resistance and secondary microbial infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 032-036
Author(s):  
Mishra KP ◽  
Mishra Priyanka ◽  
Singh AK ◽  
Singh SB
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Great Degree ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire World ◽  
The Impact

Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) has become one of the most serious diseases in the history of mankind. It has captured the entire world and solutions are yet to be discovered to fight this global crisis. The outcomes of COVID-19 are influenced by a variety of pre-existing factors. The secondary microbial infections are one of the prominent ones that are major contributors for Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) as they warrant the use of antimicrobial medications. The present review aimed at exploring the potential relationship between AMR under such circumstances and COVID-19 related outcomes. The published literature across the globe has delineated that the impact of COVID-19 may have worsened by a great degree due to the presence of secondary infections majorly bacterial ones. The consequences of COVID-19 have been fatal and a significant proportion can be a major attributor to AMR, either directly or indirectly. Although, there is a dearth of studies that can establish a very strong and direct relationship between AMR and negative COVID-19 outcomes so in-depth research on this topic is required to further explain this relationship in detail.

scholarly journals Conhecimentos prévios dos estudantes de ensino superior de química a respeito da tabela periódica

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-688
Author(s):  
Jailson Rodrigo Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Periodic Table ◽  
State University ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Chemistry Students ◽  
History Of ◽  
On Line ◽  
Teaching In Higher Education ◽  
The Impact

Resumo: Este artigo buscou identificar os conhecimentos prévios sobre algumas temáticas relacionadas à história da tabela periódica em um minicurso ministrado de forma remota na Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG) usando uma coleta de dados on-line. O foco dessa busca foi detectar a presença da mulher na construção da ciência, a descoberta de elementos artificiais e o impacto do Ano Internacional da Tabela Periódica nos conhecimentos dos alunos. Como resultado preliminar, reconheceu que os conhecimentos prévios dos alunos estavam assentados nos conteúdos de livros didáticos, com pouca relação com a divulgação científica e as pesquisas recentes. Esses resultados são fundamentais para se repensar a docência no Ensino Superior e o planejamento de atividades focadas na aprendizagem dos alunos.Palavras-chave: tabela periódica; conhecimentos prévios; ensino de química. Previous knowledge of higher education chemistry students about the periodic tableAbstract: This article sought to identify previous knowledge on some themes related to the history of the periodic table in a distance course at the State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG) using online data collection. The focus of this search was to detect the presence of women in the construction of science, the discovery of artificial elements and the impact of the International Year of the Periodic Table on students' knowledge. As preliminary results, he recognized that the students' previous knowledge was based on the contents of textbooks, with little relation to scientific dissemination and recent research. These results are fundamental to rethink teaching in higher education and planning activities focused on student learning.Keywords: periodic table; previous knowledge; chemical education. 

scholarly journals ANTECEDENTES HISTÓRICOS DOS MECANISMOS SELETIVOS PARA INGRESSO NOS CURSOS SUPERIORES NO BRASIL: revisitando o passado

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Lucinete Marques Lima ◽  
Francisca das Chagas Silva Lima ◽  
Maria José Pires Barros Cardozo
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
College Education ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Educational Policies ◽  
Educación Superior ◽  
Educacion Superior ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
History Of ◽  
Siglo Xx

Este artigo objetiva reconstruir a história dos mecanismos seletivos para ingresso na educação superior do Império à década de 90 do século XX, para apreender as contradições, continuidades, rupturas e sentidos na democratização de oportunidades educacionais, considerando suas mediações e resulta de estudos preliminares de um projeto de pesquisa sobre Educação Superior. Foi realizado com base em estudos bibliográficos e documentais (textos normativos). O estudo evidencia, nas diversas iniciativas reformistas da educação superior, a presença da tendência elitista, do esforço de ajustamento aos interesses capitalistas, com tímidas assimilações das reivindicações de movimentos sociais e da academia, dificultando a democratização das oportunidades educacionais. Palavras-chave: Políticas educacionais. Educação superior. Seletividade no ingresso.HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE SELECTIVE MECHANISMS FOR ENTRY IN THE HIGHER COURSES IN BRAZIL: revisiting the pastAbstract: This article aims to reconstruct the history of selective mechanisms for entering higher education in the  Empire in the 1990s in order to understand the contradictions, continuities, ruptures and meanings in democratization of educational opportunities, considering their mediations and results in preliminary studies of a research project on Higher Education. It was carried out based on bibliographical and document studies (normative texts). The study shows, in diverse reformist initiatives in higher education, presence of elitist tendencies with slight assimilations of social movement and academia revindications, hindering democratization of educational opportunities.Keywords: Educational policies. College education. Admissions selectivity. ANTECEDENTES HISTÓRICOS DE LOS MECANISMOS SELECTIVOS PARA ADMISIÓN EN LOS CURSOS SUPERIORES EN BRASIL: encuentro con el pasadoResumen: Este artículo tiene como objetivo reconstruir la historia de mecanismos selectivos para el ingreso a la educación superior del Imperio a los años 90 del siglo XX, para entender las contradicciones, continuidades, rupturas y sentidos en la democratización de las oportunidades de educación, teniendo en cuenta sus mediaciones y los resultados de los estudios preliminares de un proyecto de investigación sobre la Educación Superior. Fue realizado con base en estudios bibliográficos y documentales (textos normativos). El estudio muestra, en las diversas iniciativas reformistas de la educación superior, la presencia de tendencia elitista, del esfuerzo de ajuste a los intereses capitalistas, con tímidas asimilaciones de las reivindicaciones de los movimientos sociales y el mundo académico, dificultando la democratización de las oportunidades educativas. Palabras clave: Políticas educacionales. Educación universitaria. Selectividad en la admisión.

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