scholarly journals Immunocytochemical identification of meningeal leukemia and lymphoma: poly-L-lysine-coated slides permit multimarker analysis even with minute cerebrospinal fluid cell specimens

Blood ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1942-1950 ◽  
Author(s):  
BR Kranz ◽  
E Thiel ◽  
S Thierfelder
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Malignant Lymphoid Cell ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electrostatic Binding ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Optimized Conditions

Use of immunocytology for accurate identification of malignant cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has so far been hampered by high cell requirements of the immunologic methods hitherto used. In an attempt to minimize cell loss in cytopreparation, electrostatic binding of cells to poly-L-lysine (PLL)-coated multispot slides, followed by immunocytochemistry, was investigated. Using optimized conditions of cell attachment and fixation and performing all washing procedures on the slide made multimarker analysis possible even in paucicellular specimens, while preserving excellent cell morphology and yielding high sensitivity in the detection of antigens. In a study of 26 CSF specimens with inconclusive cytomorphology, comprising 335 single marker determinations, we were able to discriminate reliably between resting or activated benign cells and a wide range of types of malignant lymphoid cell. A definitive diagnosis was reached in all cases by one tap only. Malignant meningitis was ruled out in ten specimens and proved in 16, including five in which the type of malignancy could only be determined by immunophenotyping. We conclude that immunocytochemistry on PLL-coated slides constitutes the method of choice for immunologic cell differentiation in CSF, which allows equivocal morphologic findings to be clarified.

scholarly journals Immunocytochemical identification of meningeal leukemia and lymphoma: poly-L-lysine-coated slides permit multimarker analysis even with minute cerebrospinal fluid cell specimens

Blood ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1942-1950 ◽  
Author(s):  
BR Kranz ◽  
E Thiel ◽  
S Thierfelder
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Malignant Lymphoid Cell ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electrostatic Binding ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Optimized Conditions

Abstract Use of immunocytology for accurate identification of malignant cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has so far been hampered by high cell requirements of the immunologic methods hitherto used. In an attempt to minimize cell loss in cytopreparation, electrostatic binding of cells to poly-L-lysine (PLL)-coated multispot slides, followed by immunocytochemistry, was investigated. Using optimized conditions of cell attachment and fixation and performing all washing procedures on the slide made multimarker analysis possible even in paucicellular specimens, while preserving excellent cell morphology and yielding high sensitivity in the detection of antigens. In a study of 26 CSF specimens with inconclusive cytomorphology, comprising 335 single marker determinations, we were able to discriminate reliably between resting or activated benign cells and a wide range of types of malignant lymphoid cell. A definitive diagnosis was reached in all cases by one tap only. Malignant meningitis was ruled out in ten specimens and proved in 16, including five in which the type of malignancy could only be determined by immunophenotyping. We conclude that immunocytochemistry on PLL-coated slides constitutes the method of choice for immunologic cell differentiation in CSF, which allows equivocal morphologic findings to be clarified.

Development of an Online-PFSPE-Spectrophotometry System for the Quantification of Environmental Pollutants

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 879-882
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Jin Wei Zhu ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
Xue Jun Kang
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Automatic Method ◽  
Electrospun Nanofiber ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Water Media ◽  
Flow Injection System ◽  
Optimized Conditions

In order to detect the environmental pollutants in water sample with high sensitivity, an automatic method based on a combined preconcentration setup and flow injection system was developed. A novel packed fiber solid phase extraction (PFSPE) cartridge packed with electrospun nanofiber was first designed to adsorb environmental pollutants from water media in an online manner. Rhodamine B (RB) was selected as a model pollutant. Under the optimized conditions, a good linearity of wide range between 25-1000 ng mL-1 was achieved. The LOD was 7.5 ng mL-1. The method was applied to analysis RB in water samples with satisfactory results.

A Highly Sensitive Fluorescent Sensor for Amitrole Determination in Aqueous Samples

NANO ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (07) ◽  
pp. 1750071
Author(s):  
Yue Wang ◽  
Danqun Huo ◽  
Jingzhou Hou ◽  
Junjie Li ◽  
Mei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Sensor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Inner Filter Effect ◽  
Aqueous Samples ◽  
Cdte Qds ◽  
Sensor Platform ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Optimized Conditions

A simple yet sensitive fluorescent sensor was reported for amitrole analysis based on integration of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and CdTe quantum dots (CdTe QDs) via inner filter effect (IFE). The fluorescence of GSH-coated CdTe QDs can be significantly quenched by AuNPs, and gradually restored in the presence of amitrole. Addition of amitrole induced AuNPs aggregation and decreased their characteristic surface plasmon absorption, which diminished the IFE between them. The sensor platform realized high sensitivity and good reproducibility in low concentration amitrole ranging from 9.5[Formula: see text]nM to 1000[Formula: see text]nM with a detection limit down to 4.75[Formula: see text]nM under the optimized conditions. It also resisted a wide range of interfering counterparts and showed analytical performance comparable to the majority of analytical methods reported in prior studies. We envisioned the first fluorescent amitrole sensor would be potentially useful for low cost on-site amitrole monitoring in real application.

scholarly journals Gold–Carbon Nanocomposites for Environmental Contaminant Sensing

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Shahrooz Rahmati ◽  
William Doherty ◽  
Arman Amani Babadi ◽  
Muhamad Syamim Akmal Che Mansor ◽  
Nurhidayatullaili Muhd Julkapli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
World Population ◽  
Chemical Contaminants ◽  
Carbon Nanocomposites ◽  
Minimal Sample ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Control ◽  
Analytical Tools

The environmental crisis, due to the rapid growth of the world population and globalisation, is a serious concern of this century. Nanoscience and nanotechnology play an important role in addressing a wide range of environmental issues with innovative and successful solutions. Identification and control of emerging chemical contaminants have received substantial interest in recent years. As a result, there is a need for reliable and rapid analytical tools capable of performing sample analysis with high sensitivity, broad selectivity, desired stability, and minimal sample handling for the detection, degradation, and removal of hazardous contaminants. In this review, various gold–carbon nanocomposites-based sensors/biosensors that have been developed thus far are explored. The electrochemical platforms, synthesis, diverse applications, and effective monitoring of environmental pollutants are investigated comparatively.

Glycans in scaffold design in tissue reconstruction

2021 ◽  
pp. 088391152199784
Author(s):  
Nipun Jain ◽  
Shashi Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Downstream Signaling ◽  
Cell Carrier ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Tissue Reconstruction ◽  
A Cell

Development of an artificial tissue by tissue engineering is witnessed to be one of the long lasting clarified solutions for the damaged tissue function restoration. To accomplish this, a scaffold is designed as a cell carrier in which the extracellular matrix (ECM) performs a prominent task of controlling the inoculated cell’s destiny. ECM composition, topography and mechanical properties lead to different types of interactions between cells and ECM components that trigger an assortment of cellular reactions via diverse sensing mechanisms and downstream signaling pathways. The polysaccharides in the form of proteoglycans and glycoproteins yield better outcomes when included in the designed matrices. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains present on proteoglycans show a wide range of operations such as sequestering of critical effector morphogens which encourage proficient nutrient contribution toward the growing stem cells for their development and endurance. In this review we discuss how the glycosylation aspects are of considerable importance in everyday housekeeping functions of a cell especially when placed in a controlled environment under ideal growth conditions. Hydrogels made from these GAG chains have been used extensively as a resorbable material that mimics the natural ECM functions for an efficient control over cell attachment, permeability, viability, proliferation, and differentiation processes. Also the incorporation of non-mammalian polysaccharides can elicit specific receptor responses which authorize the creation of numerous vigorous frameworks while prolonging the low cost and immunogenicity of the substance.

Age-Dependency of Total Tau in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Is Corrected by Amyloid-β 1–40: A Correlational Study in Healthy Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Paul Theo Zebhauser ◽  
Achim Berthele ◽  
Marie-Sophie Franz ◽  
Oliver Goldhardt ◽  
Janine Diehl-Schmid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Tau Proteins ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Total Tau ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Tau proteins are established biomarkers of neuroaxonal damage in a wide range of neurodegenerative conditions. Although measurement of total-Tau in the cerebrospinal fluid is widely used in research and clinical settings, the relationship between age and total-Tau in the cerebrospinal fluid is yet to be fully understood. While past studies reported a correlation between age and total-Tau in the cerebrospinal fluid of healthy adults, in clinical practice the same cut-off value is used independently of patient’s age. Objective: To further explore the relationship between age and total-Tau and to disentangle neurodegenerative from drainage-dependent effects. Methods: We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid samples of 76 carefully selected cognitively healthy adults and included amyloid-β 1–40 as a potential marker of drainage from the brain’s interstitial system. Results: We found a significant correlation of total-Tau and age, which was no longer present when correcting total-Tau for amyloid-β 1–40 concentrations. These findings were replicated under varied inclusion criteria. Conclusion: Results call into question the association of age and total-Tau in the cerebrospinal fluid. Furthermore, they suggest diagnostic utility of amyloid-β 1–40 as a possible proxy for drainage-mechanisms into the cerebrospinal fluid when interpreting biomarker concentrations for neurodegenerative diseases.

scholarly journals Pulsed Electromagnetic Cross-Well Exploration for Monitoring Permafrost and Examining the Processes of Its Geocryological Changes

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Viacheslav Glinskikh ◽  
Oleg Nechaev ◽  
Igor Mikhaylov ◽  
Kirill Danilovskiy ◽  
Vladimir Olenchenko
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vector Finite Element ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Pulsed Electromagnetic

This paper is dedicated to the topical problem of examining permafrost’s state and the processes of its geocryological changes by means of geophysical methods. To monitor the cryolithozone, we proposed and scientifically substantiated a new technique of pulsed electromagnetic cross-well sounding. Based on the vector finite-element method, we created a mathematical model of the cross-well sounding process with a pulsed source in a three-dimensional spatially heterogeneous medium. A high-performance parallel computing algorithm was developed and verified. Through realistic geoelectric models of permafrost with a talik under a highway, constructed following the results of electrotomography field data interpretation, we numerically simulated the pulsed sounding on the computing resources of the Siberian Supercomputer Center of SB RAS. The simulation results suggest the proposed system of pulsed electromagnetic cross-well monitoring to be characterized by a high sensitivity to the presence and dimensions of the talik. The devised approach can be oriented to addressing a wide range of issues related to monitoring permafrost rocks under civil and industrial facilities, buildings, and constructions.

scholarly journals Overview of Popular Techniques of Raman Spectroscopy and Their Potential in the Study of Plant Tissues

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1537
Author(s):  
Aneta Saletnik ◽  
Bogdan Saletnik ◽  
Czesław Puchalski
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Identification Technique

Raman spectroscopy is one of the main analytical techniques used in optical metrology. It is a vibration, marker-free technique that provides insight into the structure and composition of tissues and cells at the molecular level. Raman spectroscopy is an outstanding material identification technique. It provides spatial information of vibrations from complex biological samples which renders it a very accurate tool for the analysis of highly complex plant tissues. Raman spectra can be used as a fingerprint tool for a very wide range of compounds. Raman spectroscopy enables all the polymers that build the cell walls of plants to be tracked simultaneously; it facilitates the analysis of both the molecular composition and the molecular structure of cell walls. Due to its high sensitivity to even minute structural changes, this method is used for comparative tests. The introduction of new and improved Raman techniques by scientists as well as the constant technological development of the apparatus has resulted in an increased importance of Raman spectroscopy in the discovery and defining of tissues and the processes taking place in them.

Measurement of pulmonary edema in intact dogs by transthoracic gamma-ray attenuation

1979 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1228-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Simon ◽  
J. F. Murray ◽  
N. C. Staub
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Lung Edema ◽  
Lung Water ◽  
Vascular Congestion ◽  
Isolated Lung ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gamma Ray Attenuation

We evaluated the attenuation of the 122 keV gamma ray of cobalt-57 across the thorax of anesthetized dogs as a method for following the time course of lung water changes in acute pulmonary edema induced by either increased microvascular permeability or increased microvascular hydrostatic pressure. The gamma rays traversed the thorax centered on the seventh rib laterally where the lung mass in the beam path was greatest. Calibration measurements in isolated lung lobes demonstrated the high sensitivity and inherent accuracy of the method over a wide range of lung water contents. In control dogs reproducibility averaged +/-3%. Increased permeability edema led to large rapid increases in the transthoracic gamma ray attenuation (TGA), while increased pressure caused an immediate, modest increase in TGA (vascular congestion) followed by a slow further increase over 2 h. There was a fairly good correlation between the increase in extravascular lung water and the change in TGA. The method is simple, safe, and noninvasive and appears to be useful for following the time course of lung water accumulation in generalized lung edema in anesthetized animals.

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