scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondiiand associated risk factors among pregnant women in Jimma town, Southwestern Ethiopia

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Endalew Zemene ◽  
Delenasaw Yewhalaw ◽  
Solomon Abera ◽  
Tariku Belay ◽  
Abdi Samuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Jimma Town

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Leptospira interrogans Serogroup Sejroe Serovar Hardjo in Dairy Farms in and around Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Garoma Desa ◽  
Yosef Deneke ◽  
Feyissa Begna ◽  
Tadele Tolosa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Management System ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Individual Animal ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Jimma Town

A cross-sectional study was conducted on selected dairy farms in and around Jimma town, Oromia, southwestern Ethiopia from November 2019 to May 2020 to determine the seroprevalence of Leptospira interrogans serogroup Sejroe serovar Hardjo (L. hardjo). Furthermore, information was gathered on individual animal and herd level by using pretested semistructured questionnaire to assess associated risk factors. A stratified and simple random sampling procedure was used for the selection of dairy farms and individual animal’s, respectively. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) was used in this study to detect antibody against L. hardjo. Out of 384 animal’s sera, 94 animals were seropositive against L. hardjo antibodies. From 77 dairy farms selected for the study, 57 of them were distinguished as positive for L. hardjo. The overall seroprevalence of leptospirosis caused by L. hardjo was 24.48% (95% CI: 20.18%–28.78%) and 74.03% (95% CI: 64.23%–83.82%) at individual animal and farm level, respectively. The result of multilogistic regression analysis revealed that management system ( p  < 0.05; OR = 4.25 (95% CI: 2.31–7.82)), hygienic status of the farm ( p  < 0.05; OR = 0.35 (95% CI: 0.20–0.61)), age of animals ( p  < 0.05; OR = 8.30 (95% CI: 1.87–36.89)), history of abortion ( p  < 0.05; OR = 8.37 (95% CI: 1.73–40.42)), herd size ( p  < 0.05; OR = 2.32 (95% CI: 1.17–4.61)), and access of rodents to the farm ( p  < 0.05; OR = 0.17 (95% CI: 0.03–0.86)) were significantly associated with the occurrence of L. hardjo infection. However, breed, parity, and introduction of new animals to the farm were insignificantly associated ( p  > 0.05). Management system of the animal, hygienic status of the farm, herd size, age of animals, previous history of abortion, and access of rodents to the farm were identified as potential risk factors of L. hardjo disease occurrence. Thus, limiting rodents contact with cattle and their feed and water as well as good sanitary practices and husbandry management should be undertaken.

scholarly journals The incidence of HIV and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Kabarole District, Uganda

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. e0234174
Author(s):  
Hannah Schumann ◽  
Kenyonyozi Rubagumya ◽  
John Rubaihayo ◽  
Gundel Harms ◽  
Rhoda K. Wanyenze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

scholarly journals Prevalence, incidence and associated risk factors of STIs during pregnancy in South Africa

2020 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2020-054631
Author(s):  
Dorothy Chiwoniso Nyemba ◽  
Andrew Medina-Marino ◽  
Remco P H Peters ◽  
Jeffrey D Klausner ◽  
Phuti Ngwepe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Syndromic Management ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth

ObjectiveSTIs during pregnancy increase adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes and may increase HIV risk. STI syndromic management is standard of care in South Africa. Our study evaluated the prevalence and incidence of STIs in pregnant women and the associated risk factors.MethodsWe combined data from two prospective observational studies of pregnant women enrolled while attending their first antenatal clinic (ANC) visit in Tshwane District and Cape Town. Women ≥18 years were tested at first ANC visit and at their first postpartum visit for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis using Xpert assays (Cepheid, USA). We evaluated the prevalence and incidence of STI and the associated risk factors using multivariable regression models.ResultsWe enrolled 669 pregnant women, 64% (n=427) from Tshwane District and 36% (n=242) from Cape Town; 80% (n=534) were women living with HIV (WLHIV) and 20% (n=135) without HIV. At enrolment, 37% (n=250) were diagnosed with at least one STI, of which 76% (n=190) were asymptomatic. STI prevalence was 40% (n=213) in WLHIV and 27% (n=37) in women without HIV (p=0.01). Baseline STI infection was associated with younger age (OR=0.95 per year, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.98), higher gestational age (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.03 per week, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.05), single relationship status (aOR=1.53, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.15) and HIV status (aOR=1.86, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.95). Of 419 participants with no STI at baseline, 21 had an incident STI during follow-up, with a mean follow-up time of 140 days. The incidence rate of STI during pregnancy and early post partum was 15 infections per 100 women-years (95% CI 9 to 23). Younger age was associated with STI incidence.ConclusionOur study shows high prevalence and incidence of STIs in pregnancy, especially in WLHIV, demonstrating the need for STI screening in ANC to prevent adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. Most STI cases were asymptomatic and would have gone untreated with syndromic management. Aetiological STI screening is urgently needed to reduce the burden of STIs in pregnancy.

Evaluating serum elastin levels in striae gravidarum

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Beril Gürlek ◽  
Ülkü Mete Ural ◽  
Sibel Tuğcugil ◽  
Medeni Arpa ◽  
Özgür Önal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Striae Gravidarum ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Objective Striae gravidarum (SG) is the most common dermatological defect in pregnancy leading to cosmetic anxiety with unknown etiopathogenesis. The aim of the study was to analyze the relation between serum elastin levels and striae and identify possible independent associated risk factors. Materials and methods This was a prospective observational study. In total, 138 primipara pregnant women were examined before delivery. Participants were separated into two groups according to the presence of SG. Striae assessment was performed according to Davey score. Before the active phase of labor patients were physically examined and blood samples were collected. Personal characteristics, features of birth, skin findings and serum elastin levels were compared between groups. Results Term pregnant women with SG had significantly higher serum elastin levels than those without SG (99.46 ± 32.92 vs. 88.36 ± 19.12, respectively; p = 0.018). Conclusions Serum elastin levels were increased in women with SG. However, the newly synthesized elastin may not be functional as it is thin and disorganized. Therefore, increased elastin production may not prevent the formation of striae. This finding may provide an impetus to explore the pathomechanisms of striae. Further controlled trials are warranted to determine the clinical significance of serum elastin levels in the formation of SG.

scholarly journals The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women and its associated risk factors in North Sumatera, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 012195 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Lestari ◽  
I I Fujiati ◽  
D Keumalasari ◽  
M Daulay ◽  
S J Martina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Urinary Tract Infections in Pregnant Women, Assessment of Associated Risk Factors in Makkah, KSA

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
A.M. Ashshi ◽  
H. S. Faidah ◽  
A.A. Saati ◽  
G.A.A. El-Ella ◽  
Ahmad K. Al-Ghamdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Tract Infections
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