scholarly journals Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of circulating omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids with lipoprotein particle concentrations and sizes: population-based cohort study with 6-year follow-up

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pekka Mäntyselkä ◽  
Leo Niskanen ◽  
Hannu Kautiainen ◽  
Juha Saltevo ◽  
Peter Würtz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lipoprotein Particle ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Longitudinal Associations

scholarly journals Serum Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Metabolic Syndrome: A Longitudinal Population-based Cohort Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 176 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vanhala ◽  
J. Saltevo ◽  
P. Soininen ◽  
H. Kautiainen ◽  
A. J. Kangas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Omega 6

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the use of an omega 3 and omega 6 combination(EquazenTM) in paediatric patients with refractory epilepsy

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Javier Barragán-Pérez ◽  
Irene Heredia-Barragán ◽  
Rosana Huerta-Albarran
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Ionic Currents ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Control Objective ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Satisfactory Clinical Response

INTRODUCTION: Epilepsy is considered a health problem. 85% of patients are satisfactorily controlled with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and 15% have refractory seizures. The combination of omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids (EquazenTM) can contribute to changes in ionic currents and to stabilization of neurotransmitter's function resulting in cell membrane equilibrium. These changes lead to potential seizure control. OBJECTIVE: To compare efficacy and safety in the treatment of refractory epilepsy with a supplement combining EPA, DHA (omega 3 fatty acids) and GLA (omega 6 fatty acids). METHODS: We reviewed patients from the Neurology Department of the Children's Hospital of Mexico who have refractory epilepsy, evaluating clinical characteristics of seizures, number of seizures and AEDs. 792 mg of EPA, DHA and GLA per day (6 capsules of EquazenTM) were administrated for four weeks in order to assess the frequency of seizures as well as tolerability and probable side effects. RESULTS: The study was conducted with a total of 13 patients with follow-up four weeks after the start of supplementation. We obtained a satisfactory clinical response with ≥ 80% decrease in the daily number of seizures in more than 60% of patient. The mean of number of seizures over all patients was reduced significantly from 26.61±37.2 to 5.92 daily. In addition a significant improvement in the neurocognitive capacity was observedin all patients. CONCLUSION: The co-adjuvant supplementation with EquazenTM may result in a reduction of the number of seizures in refractory epilepsy having in addition significant impact on neurocognitive aspects. To enhance the quality of life of epileptic patient supplementation with a specific combination of EPA, DHA and GLA should be reconsidered.

scholarly journals FADS2 Variants are Associated with Omega-6 Metabolic Conversion in Serbian Adults in a cross-sectional study – Implications for Precision Nutrition Practice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manja Zec ◽  
Ljiljana Stojković ◽  
Milica Zeković ◽  
Biljana Pokimica ◽  
Maja Živković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Omega 6

Abstract Background High omega-6/omega-3 intake ratio in westernized world is of concern. FADS genes variants are associated with plasma long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) in diverse ethnicities and might modulate plasma omega-6/omega-3 net balance. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the relationships between FADS genetic variants with dietary fat and macronutrient intake, plasma phospholipid fatty acid profile, estimated plasma desaturase activity and cardiometabolic risk factors, in a sample of Serbian subjects.Methods Non-smoking adult volunteers (>28 years), free of acute or chronic disease were included. Food and nutrient data were compiled through 24h recalls for non-consecutive days. Plasma phospholipid fatty acid content was assessed by gas-chromatography. Selection of FADS2 variants (rs174593, rs174616 and rs174576) was based on its positional and functional aspect, and evidence-based data. Genotyping was performed by using Real-Time PCR. Estimated desaturase activities were calculated as conversion rates towards LC-PUFA in omega-6 pathway. Multivariable-adjusted general linear were applied and the contribution of minor alleles to the variability of physiological parameters was analyzed by multivariable hierarchical multiple regression models.Results Sample included 34 men and 54 women, mean age=40±7years, with 70% being overweight (BMI>25). Minor allele frequencies were 33%, 36% and 51% for rs174593, rs174576 and rs174616, respectively, in line with other populations. None of the three variants was associated with food or nutrient intake, serum lipids, or obesity (p>0.05). Irrespective of gender, age, total daily polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid intake and obesity, rs174593, rs174616 and rs174576 were associated with lower arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4 n-6, p<0.001) and estimated desaturase-5 activity (p<0.001) in plasma phospholipids. The rs174576 associations with AA withstood multiple testing and additional adjustments for other variants.Conclusion We observed inverse associations between FADS2 variants and plasma phospholipid AA but not omega-3 fatty acids in a sample of Serbian adults, and larger cohorts should confirm the associations. In our study FADS2 rs174576 exhibited the strongest associations, and future gene-dietary studies with varying omega-6/omega-3 intake should validate its suitability for precision nutrition strategies aimed at PUFA recommendations in Serbian population.Trial registration This is a cross-sectional study, forming part of larger intervention study registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02800967.

scholarly journals Risk of metabolic disorders in childless men: a population-based cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e020293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ane Berger Bungum ◽  
Clara Helene Glazer ◽  
Jens Peter Bonde ◽  
Peter M Nilsson ◽  
Aleksander Giwercman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reverse Causation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Diet And Cancer ◽  
Prospective Analyses

ObjectiveTo study whether male childlessness is associated with an increased risk of metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes.DesignA population-based cohort study.SettingNot applicable.Participants2572 men from the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer Cardiovascular Cohort.InterventionsNone.Main outcome measuresFrom cross-sectional analyses, main outcome measures were ORs and 95% CIs for MetS and diabetes among childless men. In prospective analyses, HRs and 95% CI for diabetes among childless men.ResultsAt baseline, in men with a mean age of 57 years, the prevalence of MetS was 26% and 22% among childless men and fathers, respectively. Similarly, we observed a higher prevalence of diabetes of 11% among childless men compared with 5% among fathers. In the cross-sectional adjusted analyses, childless men had a higher risk of MetS and diabetes, with ORs of 1.22 (95% CI 0.87 to 1.72) and 2.12 (95% CI 1.34 to 3.36) compared with fathers. In the prospective analysis, during a mean follow-up of 18.3 years, we did not see any increase in diabetes risk among childless men (HR 1.02 (0.76 to 1.37)).ConclusionThis study provides evidence of an association between male childlessness and a higher risk of MetS and diabetes. However, as these associations were found in cross-sectional analyses, reverse causation cannot be excluded.

scholarly journals Blood Omega-3 Fatty Acids Are Inversely Associated With Albumin-Creatinine Ratio in Young and Healthy Adults (The Omega-Kid Study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark G. Filipovic ◽  
Martin F. Reiner ◽  
Saskia Rittirsch ◽  
Irina Irincheeva ◽  
Stefanie Aeschbacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Albumin Creatinine Ratio

Background: Omega-3 fatty acids are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and with beneficial effects on CV risk factors. The albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) is a risk factor for CVD, all-cause mortality and accelerated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline in the general population. We aimed to investigate the association between n-3 PUFAS and ACR in heathy individuals with preserved GFR.Design and Methods: The present cross-sectional analysis is part of the GAPP study, a population-based cohort of healthy adults aged 25–41 years. Individuals with known CVD, diabetes, or a BMI &gt;35 kg/m2 were excluded. eGFR was calculated according to the combined Creatinine/Cystatin C CKD-EPI formula. ACR was obtained from a fasting morning urine sample. The Omega-3 Index (relative amount of EPA and DHA of total fatty acids in %) was obtained from whole blood aliquots.Results: Overall, 2001 participants (median age 37 years IQR 31; 40, 53% female) were included in this analysis. Median Omega-3 Index was 4.59 (IQR 4.06; 5.25) and median eGFR 111 ml/min/1.73 m2 (IQR 103; 118). Median ACR was 0.14 mg/mmol (IQR 0; 0.43). We found a significant inverse association of the Omega-3 Index with ACR (ratio 0.84, 95%CI 0.73–0.96; p = 0.011) which remained after comprehensive adjustment (ratio 0.86, 95%CI 0.74–1.00; p = 0.048). No association of the Omega-3 Index with eGFR was found. The adjusted difference in eGFR per 1-unit increase in Omega3-Index was −0.21 (95%CI −0.76; 0.35; p = 0.47).Conclusions: A higher Omega-3 Index was significantly associated with lower ACR in this young and healthy population with preserved eGFR. Omega-3 fatty acids may exhibit cardio- and nephroprotective effects in healthy individuals through modulation of ACR.

scholarly journals Serum n-6 Fatty Acids are Positively Associated with Growth in 6-to-10-Year Old Ugandan Children Regardless of HIV Status—A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghav Jain ◽  
Amara E. Ezeamama ◽  
Alla Sikorskii ◽  
William Yakah ◽  
Sarah Zalwango ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Omega 6

Fatty acids (FAs) are crucial in child growth and development. In Uganda, antiretroviral therapy (ART) has drastically reduced perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of infants, however, the interplay of FAs, ART, and HIV in relation to child growth is not well understood. To investigate this, serum was collected from 240 children between 6–10 years old in Uganda and analyzed for FAs using gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry. HIV status and anthropometric measurements were taken, and relationships with FAs were assessed. No significant differences in growth parameters or serum FAs were found between HIV uninfected children with and without exposure to ART. HIV positive children had significantly lower height-for-age-z-scores (HAZ) than uninfected children (p < 0.001). HIV-positive children had higher arachidonic acid than uninfected children (p = 0.003). Total omega-6 FAs were significantly associated with HAZ regardless of HIV status (p = 0.035). Mean total omega-3 FAs (2.90%) were low in this population compared to other cohorts in Africa. These results provide reference serum FA values for 6–10-year-old children in Uganda and may be used to inform lipid supplementation programs to promote child growth. Future studies should investigate the relationships between child growth trajectories in relation to HIV status and serum FAs.

scholarly journals Cognitive Impairment Is Associated with a Low Omega-3 Index in the Elderly: Results from the KORA-Age Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 236-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karoline Lukaschek ◽  
Clemens von Schacky ◽  
Johannes Kruse ◽  
Karl-Heinz Ladwig
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Background: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may affect the risk of cognitive decline in older adults. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 720 (50.4% women) participants aged 68-92 years (mean age: 77.6, SD ±6.2) of the population-based KORA-Age study. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (omega-3 index) were measured in erythrocytes as a percentage of total fatty acids. The categories low (<5.7), intermediate (5.7-6.8), and high (>6.8) levels of the omega-3 index were built using tertiles. The association between cognitive status and omega-3 levels was assessed by logistic regression analyses with adjustments for important concurrent risk factors of cognitive decline. Results: In the sex- and age-adjusted model (model 1), subjects with a low omega-3 index were at a significantly higher risk for cognitive impairment (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.15-2.73, p = 0.009). This association remained stable after further adjusting for educational level (model 2; OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.13-2.71, p = 0.01) and metabolic risk factors (model 3; OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.14-2.75, p = 0.01). After further controlling for affective disorders (model 4), the association did not attenuate (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.14-2.76, p = 0.01). Conclusion: A robust association was found between low omega-3 levels and cognitive impairment in an elderly population. Further research is needed to understand the link between omega-3 PUFA and cognitive functioning.

Consumption of trans fatty acid and omega 6 to omega 3 ratio in Lebanese adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine G. Farhat ◽  
Doris Jaalouk ◽  
Sara R. Moukarzel ◽  
Jennifer J. Ayoub
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
World Health ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Omega 6

Purpose – This study aims to quantify the dietary intake of different fat classes in Lebanese adults, compare the intakes between adult age groups and gender and compare the intakes to the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. Despite the health benefits of the Mediterranean diet, the diet of Lebanese adults may be altered away from the typical dietary lipid profile, possibly by the increased consumption of trans fatty acids (TFAs) and the ratio of omega 6 (n-6) to omega 3 (n-3) fatty acids. Design/methodology/approach – This is a cross-sectional survey conducted on 657 Lebanese adults (19-70 years) who completed the USA National Institute of Health diet history questionnaire. Findings – Mean daily energy intake was estimated at 2,900 ± 1,466 kcal in men and 1,977 ± 902 kcal in women. Mean TFA consumption was significantly higher in men than in women (7.2 ± 1.9 and 6.8 ± 2.0 per cent of total fat, p < 0.001) and was at least double the WHO recommendations of 1 per cent of total energy, particularly among younger adults. The n-6 to n-3 fatty acid intake ratio, fluctuated around 9:1 in both genders and in all age groups and is higher than the maximum 5-to-1 ratio recommended by WHO. The mean intake of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid was significantly lower than the latest recommendations (147 ± 182 mg/day for men and 100 ± 155 mg/day for women). Originality/value – Limited data exists on the quantity and quality of fat consumed among Lebanese adults. In conclusion, this descriptive study estimated the quantity of different fat classes consumed and compared the intakes of critical fatty acids to the WHO recommendations. Future studies need to address the implications of the high intakes of TFA and n-6 to n-3 ratio on health outcomes, including cardiometabolic diseases in our population.

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