In vitro antiviral activity of plant extracts from Asteraceae medicinal plants

The new SARS-CoV-2 belonging to the coronaviruses family has caused a pandemic affecting millions of people around the world. This pandemic has been declared by the World Health Organization as an international public health emergency. Although several clinical trials involving a large number of drugs are currently underway, no treatment protocol for COVID-19 has been officially approved so far. Here we demonstrate through a search in the scientific literature that the traditional Moroccan pharmacopoeia, which includes more than 500 medicinal plants, is a fascinating and promising source for the research of natural molecules active against SARS-CoV-2. Multiple in-silico and in-vitro studies showed that some of the medicinal plants used by Moroccans for centuries possess inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2. These inhibitory activities are achieved through the different molecular mechanisms of virus penetration and replication, or indirectly through stimulation of immunity. Thus, the potential of plants, plant extracts and molecules derived from plants that are traditionally used in Morocco and have activity against SARS-CoV-2, could be explored in the search for a preventive or curative treatment against COVID-19. Furthermore, safe plants or plant extracts that are proven to stimulate immunity could be officially recommended by governments as nutritional supplements.

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In vitro antiviral activity of twenty-seven medicinal plant extracts from Southwest Nigeria against three serotypes of echoviruses

Virology Journal ◽

10.1186/s12985-018-1022-7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Omonike O. Ogbole ◽

Toluwanimi E. Akinleye ◽

Peter A. Segun ◽

Temitope C. Faleye ◽

Adekunle J. Adeniji

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽

Southwest Nigeria

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Antibiofilm Potential of Medicinal Plants against Candida spp. Oral Biofilms: A Review

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10091142 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1142

Author(s):

Rafaela Guimarães ◽

Catarina Milho ◽

Ângela Liberal ◽

Jani Silva ◽

Carmélia Fonseca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Fungal Infections ◽

High Capacity ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Antibiofilm Activity ◽

Candida Spp

The use of natural products to promote health is as old as human civilization. In recent years, the perception of natural products derived from plants as abundant sources of biologically active compounds has driven their exploitation towards the search for new chemical products that can lead to further pharmaceutical formulations. Candida fungi, being opportunistic pathogens, increase their virulence by acquiring resistance to conventional antimicrobials, triggering diseases, especially in immunosuppressed hosts. They are also pointed to as the main pathogens responsible for most fungal infections of the oral cavity. This increased resistance to conventional synthetic antimicrobials has driven the search for new molecules present in plant extracts, which have been widely explored as alternative agents in the prevention and treatment of infections. This review aims to provide a critical view and scope of the in vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of several medicinal plants, revealing species with inhibition/reduction effects on the biofilm formed by Candida spp. in the oral cavity. The most promising plant extracts in fighting oral biofilm, given their high capacity to reduce it to low concentrations were the essential oils extracted from Allium sativum L., Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume. and Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf.

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Interaction of Folk Medicinal Plants with Levofloxacin against Escherichia Coli

Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology ◽

10.22207/jpam.14.3.24 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 1855-1861

Author(s):

Isra Tayseer ◽

Hanan Azzam ◽

Nehaya Al-Karablieh ◽

Amal Mayyas ◽

Talal Aburjai

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Thymus Vulgaris ◽

Additive Interaction ◽

Traditional Use ◽

E Coli

The present study was conducted to assess the in vitro activities of folk medicinal plants in combination with levofloxacin against TG1 and mutant KAM3-1(∆acrB-∆tolC) Escherichia coli strains. Plants were chosen based on their traditional use in combination with antibiotics among laymen. Standard protocols were followed to examine the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts and levofloxacin against E. coli in term of their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and to evaluate the plant extracts-levofloxacin interaction using checkerboard method. Among the twelve plants investigated, Thymus vulgaris, Zingiber officinale, Teucrium polium, Matricaria chamomilla and Curcuma longa had the best antimicrobial activities against E. coli strains with MIC values at 250 μg/ml. It is noteworthy to mention that other folk plants extracts reveled no effects against E coli strains. Furthermore, additive interactions were observed between levofloxacin and T. polium or T. vulgaris against E. coli wild-type TG1 strain. There was no antagonism being observed in this study. The detection of additive interaction between the extracts and levofloxacin demonstrates the prospective of these folk medicinal plants as a source of compounds to modulate antibiotic resistance.

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In Vitro Studies of Some Medicinal Plants Extracts for Antiviral Activity against Rotavirus

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences ◽

10.9790/3008-1202025358 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (02) ◽

pp. 53-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zakia F. S. AL-Ballawi ◽

Nezar A. Redhwan ◽

Mohamed Ali

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Antiviral Activity ◽

In Vitro Studies

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Natural Products as Potential Leads Against Coronaviruses: Could They be Encouraging Structural Models Against SARS-CoV-2?

Natural Products and Bioprospecting ◽

10.1007/s13659-020-00250-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 171-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ilkay Erdogan Orhan ◽

F. Sezer Senol Deniz

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Natural Products ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Antiviral Activity ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Vaccine Development ◽

Genomic Sequence ◽

Structural Models ◽

Positive Sense

Abstract New coronavirus referred to SARS-CoV-2 has caused a worldwide pandemic (COVID-19) declared by WHO. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease with severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 is akin to SARS-CoV, which was the causative agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002 as well as to that of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012. SARS-CoV-2 has been revealed to belong to Coronaviridiae family as a member of β-coronaviruses. It has a positive-sense single-stranded RNA with the largest RNA genome. Since its genomic sequence has a notable similarity to that of SARS-CoV, antiviral drugs used to treat SARS and MERS are now being also applied for COVID-19 treatment. In order to combat SARS-CoV-2, many drug and vaccine development studies at experimental and clinical levels are currently conducted worldwide. In this sense, medicinal plants and the pure natural molecules isolated from plants have been reported to exhibit significant inhibitory antiviral activity against SARS-CoV and other types of coronaviruses. In the present review, plant extracts and natural molecules with the mentioned activity are discussed in order to give inspiration to researchers to take these molecules into consideration against SARS-CoV-2.

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Screening of Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Indian Medicinal Plants

Current Enzyme Inhibition ◽

10.2174/1573408016666200414153108 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 145-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pavan K. Mujawdiya ◽

Suman Kapur

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Terminalia Arjuna ◽

Terminalia Chebula ◽

Albizia Lebbeck

Background and Objective: Chronic diseases are associated with low-grade inflammation and oxidative damage. Traditional medicines have been used to manage these disorders due to their high polyphenol content and potent antioxidant activity. We evaluated the in-vitro anti-diabetic and antioxidant potential of extracts of several medicinal plants namely, Mangifera indica, Terminalia arjuna, Moringa oleifera, Albizia lebbeck, Terminalia chebula and Hippophae rhamnoides. Methods: Total polyphenol, flavonoid, and saponin contents were estimated by standard methods. Antioxidant activity was measured using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. The anti-diabetic potential was evaluated using in-vitro α-glucosidase inhibition assay. Results: Terminalia chebula was found to be the richest in both polyphenols (566.5 ± 21.9 μg Gallic acid equivalents/mg of dry weight) and flavonoids (190.67 ± 10.78 quercetin equivalents/mg of dry weight). Extract of Terminalia arjuna was the richest source of saponins (171.92 ± 12.48 μg saponin equivalents/mg of dry weight). All plant extracts showed potent anti-oxidant activity as reflected by their IC50 values in DPPH assay, with Albizia lebbeck (IC50 = 1.35 μg/ml) being the most potent. All plant extracts also showed potent anti-diabetic activity as inferred from their ability to inhibit α- glucosidase, the principal enzyme involved in the metabolism of dietary carbohydrates in the intestine. It was observed that all tested extracts were more potent (IC50 2.53 to 227 μg/ml) in comparison to the standard α-glucosidase inhibitor Acarbose (IC50=2.7 mg/ml). Conclusions: The plant extracts of Mangifera indica, Terminalia arjuna, Moringa oleifera, Albizia lebbeck, Terminalia chebula, and Hippophae rhamnoides possess potent antioxidant and α- glucosidase inhibitory potential and can aid in the management of postprandial hyperglycemia and oxidative damage.

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In vitro antibacterial activity of several plant extracts and essential oils against Brucella melitensis

Herba Polonica ◽

10.2478/hepo-2014-0003 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 29-38

Author(s):

Mazen Safi ◽

Ayman Al-Mariri

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Plant Extract ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Brucella Melitensis ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

Fluid Medium

Summary Medicinal plants are considered to be new resources for the production of agents that could act as alternatives to antibiotics in the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of some plants native to Syria in the treatment of brucellosis. In vitro activities of some essential oils and plant extracts of some medicinal plants against 89 Brucella melitensis isolates was determined by disc diffusion method at a concentration of 5%. The microdilution assay in the fluid medium was used to determine the MICs of essential oils and plant extracts. Among the evaluated herbs, only Thymus syriacus and Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oils and Laurus nobilis plant extract showed a high activity against B. melitensis strains. Thus, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC50) values for T. syriacus, C. zeylanicum, and L. nobilis against B. melitensis were 6.25, 3.125 and 6.25 μl/ml, respectively. Among studied essential oils and plant extracts, T. syriacus and C. zeylanicum essential oils, and L. nobilis plant extract were the most effective ones. Moreover, T. syriacus - C. zeylanicum combination was more effective than use of each of them alone. Then, T. syriacus and C. zeylanicum essential oils and L. nobilis plant extract could act as bactericidal agents against B. melitensis.

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