scholarly journals Determination of genetic associations between indels in 11 candidate genes and milk composition traits in Chinese Holstein population

BMC Genetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Jiang ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Yahui Gao ◽  
Lijun Shi ◽  
Yanhua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Chinese Holstein ◽  
Holstein Population

scholarly journals Age by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Interactions on Bronchodilator Response in Asthmatics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Kirsten Voorhies ◽  
Joanne E. Sordillo ◽  
Michael McGeachie ◽  
Elizabeth Ampleford ◽  
Alberta L. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
P Value ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Bronchodilator Response ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Β2 Agonists

An unaddressed and important issue is the role age plays in modulating response to short acting β2-agonists in individuals with asthma. The objective of this study was to identify whether age modifies genetic associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with bronchodilator response (BDR) to β2-agonists. Using three cohorts with a total of 892 subjects, we ran a genome wide interaction study (GWIS) for each cohort to examine SNP by age interactions with BDR. A fixed effect meta-analysis was used to combine the results. In order to determine if previously identified BDR SNPs had an age interaction, we also examined 16 polymorphisms in candidate genes from two published genome wide association studies (GWAS) of BDR. There were no significant SNP by age interactions on BDR using the genome wide significance level of 5 × 10−8. Using a suggestive significance level of 5 × 10−6, three interactions, including one for a SNP within PRAG1 (rs4840337), were significant and replicated at the significance level of 0.05. Considering candidate genes from two previous GWAS of BDR, three SNPs (rs10476900 (near ADRB2) [p-value = 0.009], rs10827492 (CREM) [p-value = 0.02], and rs72646209 (NCOA3) [p-value = 0.02]) had a marginally significant interaction with age on BDR (p < 0.05). Our results suggest age may be an important modifier of genetic associations for BDR in asthma.

Development of a New Measurement Unit (MilkSpec-1) for Rapid Determination of Fat, Lactose, and Protein in Raw Milk Using Near-Infrared Transmittance Spectroscopy

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Ah Woo ◽  
Yoko Terazawa ◽  
Jie Yu Chen ◽  
Chie Iyo ◽  
Fuminori Terada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Scatter Correction ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Calibration Model ◽  
Transmittance Spectra ◽  
Infrared Transmittance

A new measurement unit, the MilkSpec-1, has been developed to determine rapidly and nondestructively the content of fat, lactose, and protein in raw milk using near-infrared transmittance spectroscopy. The spectral range over 700 to 1100 nm was used. This unit was designed for general glass test tubes, 12 mm in diameter and 10 mL in volume. Al2O3 with a thickness of 2.5 mm was found to be optimum as a reference for acquiring the milk spectrum for this measurement. The NIR transmittance spectra of milk were acquired from raw milk samples without homogenization. The calibration model was developed and predicted by using a partial least-squares (PLS) algorithm. In order to reduce the scattering effect due to fat globules and casein micelles in NIR transmittance spectra, multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) and/or second derivative treatment were performed. MSC treatment proved to be useful for the development of calibration models for fat and protein. This study resulted in low standard errors of prediction (SEP), with 0.06, 0.10, and 0.10% for fat, lactose, and protein, respectively. It is shown that accurate, rapid, and nondestructive determination of milk composition could be successfully performed by using the MilkSpec-1, presenting the potential use of this method for real-time on-line monitoring in a milking process.

scholarly journals Integrated in-depth bioinformatic analysis suggests RELCH/KIAA1468, LINC02341, and AKAP11 as candidate genes for ages at menarche and menopause

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-231
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Dvornyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Natural Menopause ◽  
Online Databases

Polymorphisms of the TNFRSF11A and TNFSF11 genes were reported for their association with age at menarche (AAM) and age at natural menopause (ANM). However, the biological mechanisms underlying this association remain largely unclear. The aim of the study: This study was to determine biological processes backing the observed genetic associations. Materials and methods: Fortyfour SNPs were analyzed using in silico approach and ten publicly available online databases and tools. Results: TNFRSF11A and TNFSF11 are highly pleiotropic genes that play a role in many metabolic processes. However, among that variety, lipid metabolism and cell survival and apoptosis seem the most biologically plausible mechanisms, through which these genes contribute to AAM and ANM. The analysis identified several mechanisms underlying the previously determined association of the TNFRSF11A and TNFSF11 genes with AAM and ANM and suggested RELCH/KIAA1468, LINC02341, and AKAP11 as new candidate genes for the traits.

Within milking variation of urea, acetone, fat and protein and the determination of sampling time for an on-line system

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 157-158
Author(s):  
L.L. Masson ◽  
T.T. Mottram ◽  
P.C. Garnsworthy
Keyword(s):  
Representative Sample ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Milk Analysis ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Line System ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
On Line ◽  
Optimum Sampling

Sampling for analysis of milk constituents (fat and protein) is a routine procedure on commercial dairy farms. It is assumed that for this procedure a representative sample of whole milk is taken, either as a fractionated sample from the milk meter or as a thoroughly mixed milk sample taken after the milk has been agitated with air in the recording jar. The use of on-line sensors for milk analysis will provide real-time data on which nutritional management decisions can be made according to milk composition. However, there is no recommendation as to the optimum sampling time in an on-line system to obtain a representative sample during the milking process. Ideally sampling should be carried out as early as possible for the analysis to be completed before the milking system is needed for the next cow. It is important to establish within milking variation of milk constituents for an on-line sensing system, especially since fat increases significantly throughout milking. The aims of this study were to determine the within milking variation of urea, acetone, fat and protein and to specify the most appropriate time of sampling within milking to obtain representative concentrations of these constituents and analytes.

Genetic variation in the OPN gene affects milk composition in Chinese Holstein cows

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza ◽  
Rajwali Khan ◽  
Sameer D. Pant ◽  
Mujahid Ali Shah ◽  
Guobo Quan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Chinese Holstein ◽  
Chinese Holstein Cows

Genome-Wide Association Studies for Immunoglobulins in Colostrum and Serum in Chinese Holstein

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Lin ◽  
Cuncun Ke ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Yahui Gao ◽  
Lingna Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Chinese Holstein ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

Abstract BackgroundImmunoglobulins (Igs) are important components of the innate immune system, and fight pathogens as a part of the first defense line. Newborn dairy calves get maternal antibodies from colostrum. Therefore, contents of immunoglobulins in colostrum and serum of cows are essential traits when estimating potential natural disease resistance of calves. In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed to identify candidate genes that are responsible for the observed genetic variation of immunoglobulins contents in colostrum and blood in Holstein cows.ResultsColostrum, blood and hair follicle samples were collected from the 620 Chinese Holstein cows within 24 hours after calving. The concentration of IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgA and IgM in both colostrum and serum were detected via ELISA methods, respectively. Using GCTA software, GWASs were performed with 88,934 SNPs genotyped by using Illumina 50K (54,609 SNPs) and GeneSeek 150K (140,668 SNPs) chips in which 50K chip were imputed to 150K SNPs with BEAGLE 3.0.4 software. As a result, 20 and 5 SNPs were detected genome-wide significantly associated with contents of the IgG and IgM in colostrum and serum (P<3.16E–6). In addition, 57, 11 and 10 SNPs were suggestive significantly associated with IgG, IgA and IgM traits (P<6.32E–5). Next, a total of 1,083 functional genes were identified that included or adjacent to these significant SNPs with a distance less than 1 Mb. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these genes were involved in immune related pathways, such as immune response, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, negative regulation of immunoglobulin secretion, humoral immune response, Fc-epsilon receptor and NF-kappaB signaling pathways. By integrating analysis of the functional enrichment and the known QTL data, we identified 21 candidate genes associated with contents of immunoglobulins in colostrum and serum, including ABR, TIMM22, CRK, MYO1C, RILP, SERPINF2, AKT1, BCL11B, HHIPL1, DYNC1H1, HSP90AA1, TRAF3, KLC1, IL6, PYCARD, ITGAM, TGFB1I1, GUSB, CRCP, RABGEF1 and SBDS.ConclusionsIn this study, we identified 21 candidate genes associated with immunoglobulins level in colostrum and serum in dairy cattle. This founding demonstrated the possibility of increasing immunity through selective breeding and provided an important information for molecular breeding of dairy cattle.

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