Transcriptome profiling of Puccinellia tenuiflora during seed germination under a long-term saline-alkali stress

Abstract Background and Aims The long-term conservation of seeds of plant genetic resources is of key importance for food security and preservation of agrobiodiversity. Nevertheless, there is scarce information available about seed longevity of many crops under germplasm bank conditions. Methods Through germination experiments as well as the analysis of historical monitoring data, we studied the decline in viability manifested by 1000 maize (Zea mays subsp. mays) seed accessions conserved for an average of 48 years at the CIMMYT germplasm bank, the largest maize seedbank in the world, under two cold storage conditions: an active (–3 °C; intended for seed distribution) and a base conservation chamber (–15 °C; for long-term conservation). Key Results Seed lots stored in the active chamber had a significantly lower and more variable seed germination, averaging 81.4 %, as compared with the seed lots conserved in the base chamber, averaging 92.1 %. The average seed viability detected in this study was higher in comparison with that found in other seed longevity studies on maize conserved under similar conditions. A significant difference was detected in seed germination and longevity estimates (e.g. p85 and p50) among accessions. Correlating seed longevity with seed traits and passport data, grain type showed the strongest correlation, with flint varieties being longer lived than floury and dent types. Conclusions The more rapid loss of seed viability detected in the active chamber suggests that the seed conservation approach, based on the storage of the same seed accessions in two chambers with different temperatures, might be counterproductive for overall long-term conservation and that base conditions should be applied in both. The significant differences detected in seed longevity among accessions underscores that different viability monitoring and regeneration intervals should be applied to groups of accessions showing different longevity profiles.

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Metabolic Differences Between Suaeda Salsa and Puccinellia Tenuiflora Under Saline-alkali Stress

10.21203/rs.3.rs-892289/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qi Chen ◽

Huansong Xie ◽

Guanyun Wei ◽

Xiaorui Guo ◽

Jian Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Stress Measurement ◽

Suaeda Salsa ◽

Alkali Stress ◽

Plant Metabolites ◽

Habitat Transformation ◽

Response Strategies ◽

Puccinellia Tenuiflora

Abstract Background: Salinization of soil is an urgent problem that restricts agroforestry production and environment protection. Substantial accumulation of metal ion or high alkaline alters plant metabolites and may even cause plant death. In order to explore the differences in the response strategies between Suaeda salsa (S. salsa) and Puccinellia tenuiflora (P. tenuiflora), two main constructive species that survive in saline-alkali soil, their metabolic differences were characterized.Result: Metabolomics was conducted to study the role of metabolic differences between S. salsa and P. tenuiflora under saline-alkali stress. A total of 68 significantly different metabolites were identified by GC-MS, including 9 sugars, 13 amino acids, 8 alcohols, and 34 acids. A more detailed analysis indicated that P. tenuiflora utilizes sugars more effectively and may be salt-alkali tolerant via sugar consumption while S. salsa mainly utilizes amino acids, alcohols, and acids to resist salt-alkali stress. Measurement of phenolic compounds showed that more C6C3C6-compounds were accumulated in P. tenuiflora while more C6C1-compounds, phenolic compounds that can be used to defense stress as signaling molecules, were accumulated in S. salsa.Conclusion: Our observations suggest that S. salsa resists the toxicity of saline-alkali stress using aboveground organs and P. tenuiflora eliminates the poison of saline-alkali via roots. S. salsa has a stronger ability of habitat transformation and can provide better habitat for other plants.

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Orchid Reintroduction Based on Seed Germination-Promoting Mycorrhizal Fungi Derived From Protocorms or Seedlings

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.701152 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Da-Ke Zhao ◽

Marc-André Selosse ◽

Limin Wu ◽

Yan Luo ◽

Shi-Cheng Shao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Essential Element ◽

Ecological Factors ◽

New Approach ◽

Practical Procedure ◽

In The Wild ◽

Orchid Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Ecological Specificity

Orchids are among the most endangered in the plant kingdom. Lack of endosperm in their seeds renders orchids to depend on nutrients provided by orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) for seed germination and seedling formation in the wild. OMF that parasitize in germination seeds is an essential element for orchid seedling formation, which can also help orchid reintroduction. Considering the limitations of the previous orchid reintroduction technology based on seed germination-promoting OMF (sgOMF) sourced from orchid roots, an innovative approach is proposed here in which orchid seeds are directly co-sown with sgOMF carrying ecological specificity from protocorms/seedlings. Based on this principle, an integrative and practical procedure concerning related ecological factors is further raised for re-constructing long-term and self-sustained orchid populations. We believe that this new approach will benefit the reintroduction of endangered orchids in nature.

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Seed germination evaluation of Phalaenopsis amabilis in various media for long-term conservation

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d221162 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

Author(s):

DWI MURTI PUSPITANINGTYAS ◽

ELIZABETH HANDINI

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Life Span ◽

Seed Storage ◽

Optimum Conditions ◽

Presidential Decree ◽

Orchid Seed ◽

Leaf Fertilizer

Abstract. Puspitaningtyas DM, Handini E. 2021. Seed germination evaluation of Phalaenopsis amabilis in various media for long-term conservation. Biodiversitas 22: 5231-5238. Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume (moon orchid) is one of Indonesia's national flowers, which is mentioned in Presidential Decree No. 4/1993. Study on the orchid seed of P. amabilis was conducted to observe the longevity of seeds storage. The purpose of this study was to determine the viability of P. amabilis seeds after storage for years, then to predict the life span of the seeds, and to find out the best media germination for P. amabilis seeds. After harvesting, P. amabilis seeds were stored at –20 °C and the germination tests were carried out periodically in different periods until the seeds lose their viability to determine the optimum conditions for long-term seed storage. Four trial media cultures have been used to test seed germination by means of in vitro culture. The result showed that seeds of P. amabilis were able to germinate in 4 media i.e. Knudson C, modified Knudson C, modified Vacin & Went and modified leaf fertilizer. The best germination was on leaf fertilizer medium. Based on the research showed that the viability seeds of P. amabilis decreased sharply after 6 years stored. By using regression analysis, the life span of the seeds could be predicted can reach 9 years of storage which is sowing on the best media (leaf fertilizer).

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3′ MACE RNA-sequencing allows for transcriptome profiling in human tissue samples after long-term storage

Laboratory Investigation ◽

10.1038/s41374-020-0446-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 100 (10) ◽

pp. 1345-1355 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Stefaniya Boneva ◽

Anja Schlecht ◽

Daniel Böhringer ◽

Hans Mittelviefhaus ◽

Thomas Reinhard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rna Sequencing ◽

Storage Time ◽

Transcriptome Profiling ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Fresh Tissue ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Ffpe Samples ◽

The Impact ◽

Term Storage

Abstract This study aims to compare the potential of standard RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) and 3′ massive analysis of c-DNA ends (MACE) RNA-sequencing for the analysis of fresh tissue and describes transcriptome profiling of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) archival human samples by MACE. To compare MACE to standard RNA-Seq on fresh tissue, four healthy conjunctiva from four subjects were collected during vitreoretinal surgery, halved and immediately transferred to RNA lysis buffer without prior fixation and then processed for either standard RNA-Seq or MACE RNA-Seq analysis. To assess the impact of FFPE preparation on MACE, a third part was fixed in formalin and processed for paraffin embedding, and its transcriptional profile was compared with the unfixed specimens analyzed by MACE. To investigate the impact of FFPE storage time on MACE results, 24 FFPE-treated conjunctival samples from 24 patients were analyzed as well. Nineteen thousand six hundred fifty-nine transcribed genes were detected by both MACE and standard RNA-Seq on fresh tissue, while 3251 and 2213 transcripts were identified explicitly by MACE or RNA-Seq, respectively. Standard RNA-Seq tended to yield longer detected transcripts more often than MACE technology despite normalization, indicating that the MACE technology is less susceptible to a length bias. FFPE processing revealed negligible effects on MACE sequencing results. Several quality-control measurements showed that long-term storage in paraffin did not decrease the diversity of MACE libraries. We noted a nonlinear relation between storage time and the number of raw reads with an accelerated decrease within the first 1000 days in paraffin, while the numbers remained relatively stable in older samples. Interestingly, the number of transcribed genes detected was independent on FFPE storage time. RNA of sufficient quality and quantity can be extracted from FFPE samples to obtain comprehensive transcriptome profiling using MACE technology. We thus present MACE as a novel opportunity for utilizing FFPE samples stored in histological archives.

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Opportunistic Germination Behaviour of Gypsophila (Caryophyllaceae) in Two Priority Habitats from Semi-arid Mediterranean Steppes

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha3916078 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 18 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Felix MORUNO ◽

Pilar SORIANO ◽

Oscar VICENTE ◽

Monica BOSCAIU ◽

Elena ESTRELLES

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Thermal Time ◽

Distribution Area ◽

Base Temperature ◽

Additional Information ◽

High Viability ◽

Germination Behaviour ◽

Alternating Temperature

Gypsophila tomentosa and G. struthium are closely related species, characteristic of two European priority habitats, salt and gypsum inland steppes, respectively. Germination strategies of the two taxa were investigated in plants from two nearby populations, growing under the same climatic conditions but on different types of soil, and belonging to different plant communities. Their germination patterns were studied at five constant temperatures in darkness: 5oC, 10oC, 15oC, 20oC and 25oC, and the base temperature and the thermal time requirement were calculated. As the distribution area of both species is subjected to a Mediterranean continental climate with significant differences between day and night, the possible preferences for an alternating temperature regime (25/10oC) were contrasted, as well as the influence of cold stratification and freezing. The effects on seed germination of light at constant 20oC and a 12/12 h photoperiod were also compared in the two species. The main conclusions of the work are the similarity of behaviour of both species, with an absence of seed dormancy, their opportunistic germination strategy, and water availability as the principal limitation to seed germination and plant establishment. The base temperature and thermal time indicate higher competitiveness of G. struthium at low temperatures, but seed germination of G. tomentosa is the most efficient at temperatures higher than 13.3oC. Optimal temperature and illumination conditions for nursery propagation depend on the species. The high viability of seeds observed after freezing prove the orthodox character of these seeds, providing additional information for long term seed conservation procedures.

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Contrasting seed germination responses to red and far-red light in Leptospermum scoparium and Melicytus ramiflorus

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/pp00024 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 27 (11) ◽

pp. 1069

Author(s):

Helen Herron ◽

John Clemens ◽

Dennis H. Greer

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Red Light ◽

Green Light ◽

Photon Flux ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Subsequent Exposure ◽

R:Fr Ratio ◽

Leptospermum Scoparium

Effects of red light (R) and far-red light (FR), and selected photon flux densities (PFD) of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) on seed germination in the photoblastic, primary colonising species Leptospermum scoparium J. R. et G. Forst. and the late secondary successional Melicytus ramiflorus J. R. et G. Forst. were studied. A continuous R dose response curve forL. scoparium germination was developed, unifying data from experiments using long-term exposure to PAR with those following short-term exposure to R. The threshold R dose needed to effect germination was ~0.1 mmol m –2 , and the response was saturated at 1000 mmol m –2 . Stimulation of germination by R was reversed by a subsequent exposure to FR. These features are consistent with a low-fluence response mediated by phytochrome B. FR reversal of germination was achieved at a dose two orders of magnitude lower than that of R required to induce initial germination. However, when both R and FR were provided simultaneously, the FR dose needed to even partially inhibit germination (34% compared to > 95% in controls) was two orders of magnitude higher than the R dose (R:FR ratio = 0.007). Germination in L. scoparium was also stimulated in up to 12% of seed upon diurnal exposure to FR, or by green light (~2 mol m –2 ), indicating a very-low-fluence response mediated by phytochrome A also operating in this species. In contrast, seed germination in M. ramiflorus was relatively unresponsive to R, and secondary dormancy was induced by high PFD (515 mol m –2 s –1 ).

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Transcriptome profiling of liver of non-genetic low birth weight and long term health consequences

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/1471-2164-15-327 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 327 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alberto Miranda ◽

Angela P López-Cardona ◽

Ricardo Laguna-Barraza ◽

Alexandra Calle ◽

Irene López-Vidriero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Transcriptome Profiling ◽

Health Consequences

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Caracterization of seed germination of Zephyranthes sylvatica (Mart.) Baker (Amarilidacea)

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v32n2923 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 178-185

Author(s):

Mayara Wesley da Silva ◽

Laise Guerra Barbosa ◽

José Eduardo Santos Barboza da Silva ◽

Keylan Silva Guirra ◽

Diego Rangel da Silva Gama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Primary Root ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Optimum Temperature ◽

Salt Stress Tolerance ◽

Germination Process ◽

The Ideal

Zephyranthes sylvatica is a beautiful lily, endemic from the Brazilian Caatinga. Although it has a great ornamental potential, little is known about this species, especially regarding its seeds germination process. Aiming to characterize the germination of Z. sylvatica seeds, we studied its imbibition curve, optimum temperature and substrate for germination and seedling emergence, osmotic and salt stress tolerance, as well as the tolerance to frosting/ defrosting, which indicates long term cryostorage potential. The germination of Z. sylvatica presents a triphasic model of imbibition, in which the primary root protrusion occurs after 72 hours of imbibition. The ideal conditions for evaluating seed germination of Z. sylvatica is 25 ºC, in paper rolls. These seeds are highly tolerant to osmotic stress, but not to salt stress. Z. sylvatica seeds can be cryopreservated without loss of germination and seed vigor.

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Temperature Requirements for the Storage and Germination of Delphinium × cultorum Seed

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.9.989 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (9) ◽

pp. 989-992 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

William J. Carpenter ◽

Joseph F. Boucher

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seed Storage ◽

Moisture Contents ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Subzero Temperatures ◽

Temperature Requirements ◽

Cultivar Responses ◽

Term Storage ◽

Storage Temperatures

Delphinium seed germination was about equal in light or darkness. Seed total germination percentages were highest and about equal at constant 15 or 20C and alternating (12 h) 10/20C, 15/25C, or 20/30C. The most rapid and uniform germination generally occurred at constant 20C. Storing seeds dry at 2C for 3 weeks before germination reduced the days to 50% of final germination (T50) and between 10% and 90% germination (T90 - T10) but did not increase total germination. The seeds had only limited desiccation tolerance, with `Magic Fountains Lavender' having declining germination percentages at moisture contents below 7.0% and `Magic Fountains Lilac' below 6.7%. Seeds tolerated storage at low, nonfreezing or subzero temperatures, but cultivar responses differed. `Magic Fountains Lavendar' had progressively lower germination percentages as storage temperatures declined from 5 to –20C, while `Magic Fountains Lilac' germination increased. The relative humidity (RH) and temperature that delphinium seed received during long-term storage influenced germination. Germination after seed storage at 5C was higher, earlier, and more uniform than after 15 or 25C storage. The highest total germination percentages occurred following seed storage at 5C and 30% to 50% RH, the shortest T50 from 35% to 55% RH, and shortest spans (T90 - T10) from 25% to 50% RH.

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