scholarly journals Chi-square test under indeterminacy: an application using pulse count data

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Count Data ◽  
Counting Process ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Traditional Test ◽  
Neutrosophic Statistics ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Pulse Count

Abstract Background The data obtained from the counting process is known as the count data. In practice, the counting can be done at the same time or the time of the count is not the same. To test either the K counts are differed significantly or not, the Chi-square test for K counts is applied. Results The paper presents the Chi-square tests for K counts under neutrosophic statistics. The test statistic of the proposed test when K counts are recorded at the same time and different time are proposed. The testing procedure of the proposed test is explained with the help of pulse count data. Conclusions From the analysis of pulse count data, it can be concluded that the proposed test suggests the cardiologists use different treatment methods on patients. In addition, the proposed test gives more information than the traditional test under uncertainty.

Hardy-Weinberg Testing for Continuous Data

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 147 (4) ◽  
pp. 1965-1975
Author(s):  
Lauren M McIntyre ◽  
B S Weir
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Kernel Density ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Continuous Data ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Many

Abstract Estimation of allelic and genotypic distributions for continuous data using kernel density estimation is discussed and illustrated for some variable number of tandem repeat data. These kernel density estimates provide a useful representation of data when only some of the many variants at a locus are present in a sample. Two Hardy-Weinberg test procedures are introduced for continuous data: a continuous chi-square test with test statistic TCCS and a test based on Hellinger's distance with test statistic TCCS. Simulations are used to compare the powers of these tests to each other and to the powers of a test of intraclass correlation TIC, as well as to the power of Fisher's exact test TFET applied to discretized data. Results indicate that the power of TCCS is better than that of THD but neither is as powerful as TFET. The intraclass correlation test does not perform as well as the other tests examined in this article.

scholarly journals Guía De Evaluación Por Resultados En El Aprendizaje De Cinemática Y Su Incidencia En El Rendimiento De Los Estudiantes De Ingeniería En Biotecnología Ambiental

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (33) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Pumalema Morocho Blanca Fabiola ◽  
Borja Saavedra Myrian Cecilia ◽  
Cuadrado Pumalema Coralia Fabiola
Keyword(s):  
Research Problem ◽  
Curriculum Theory ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Academic Activities ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Kinematics Learning

The objective of the research was to analyze the most appropriate approach to evaluate kinematics learning of first semester students in Engineering Environmental Biotechnology School of Chemical Sciences at the Escuela Superior Politecnica of Chimborazo. To do this, a theoretical framework was established based on didactics and curriculum theory. The investigation was correlational, explanatory and field. The Delphi method was used for consult of experts, who contributed synergistically to give a suitable answer to the research problem. A non-random sample of 24 students from a population of 68 was considered. To test the specific hypotheses, the Chi-square test statistic was used determining that the most appropriate kinematics evaluation approach to apply in the experimental group is by results through indicators of cognitive and affective domain, which positively affects the performance of students in the context of research. Because evaluation is a learning tool and an action-oriented organizational process to improve academic activities and obtain better results in the future, it is recommended to contrast evaluation by learning outcomes with evaluation by objectives or competences.

scholarly journals Selective Finite Memory Structure Filtering Using the Chi-Square Test Statistic for Temporarily Uncertain Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 4257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pyung Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Uncertain Systems ◽  
Estimation Error ◽  
Uncertain System ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Memory Structure ◽  
Conditional Density ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Finite Memory

In this paper, a finite memory structure (FMS) filtering with two kinds of measurement windows is proposed using the chi-square test statistic to cover nominal systems as well as temporarily uncertain systems. First, the simple matrix form for the FMS filter is developed from the conditional density of the current state given finite past measurements. Then, one of the two FMS filters, the primary FMS filter or the secondary FMS filter, with different measurement windows is operated selectively according to the presence or absence of uncertainty, to obtain a valid estimate. The primary FMS filter is selected for the nominal system and the secondary FMS filter is selected for the temporarily uncertain system, respectively. A declaration rule is defined to indicate the presence or absence of uncertainty, operate the suitable one from two filters, and then obtain the valid filtered estimate. A test variable for the declaration rule is developed using a chi-square test statistic from the estimation error and compared to a precomputed threshold. In order to verify the proposed selective FMS filtering and compare with the existing FMS filter and the infinite memory structure (IMS) filter, computer simulations are performed for a selection of dynamic systems including a F404 gas turbine aircraft engine and an electric motor. Simulation results confirm that the proposed selective FMS filtering works well for nominal systems as well as temporarily uncertain systems. In addition, the proposed selective FMS filtering is shown to be remarkably better than the IMS filtering for the temporarily uncertain system.

Vocational Rehabilitation Acceptance: A Tale of Two Races in a Large Midwestern State

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith B. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
European Americans ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Phi Coefficient ◽  
Criterion Variables

The purpose of this study was to examine whether Americans and European Americans disability would differ in vocational rehabilitation (VR) acceptance. The author used a Chi-square test of independence as the test statistic. Because the majority of previous studies of VR acceptance fail to use a relational statistic to test the practical significance among explanatory and criterion variables, the phi coefficient was utilized. Relational statistics are important because it shows how variables relate, either negatively or positively. Using this methodology, there was no statistically significant difference between African Americans and European Americans. Moreover, the strength of the association between variables proved slight, even in the presence of a relatively large sample. The author concludes by discussing limitations and future research.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy and the Use of Prescription Medication: A Pilot Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Mannion ◽  
Deborah Mansell
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Prescription Medication ◽  
Dopamine Antagonist ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Hospital Protocols

Objective. To examine the association of self-efficacy, perception of milk production, and lactating women’s use of medication prescribed to increase breast milk in a cohort of 18–40-year-old mothers over six months.Methods. Mothers (n=76) attending community clinics completed the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale and the Humenick/Hill Lactation Scale, a measure of perceived milk production, three times.Results. Domperidone, a dopamine antagonist, was used by 28% of participants. On average, those using domperidone had lower self-efficacy scores than those not using it (P<0.05) and were more likely to have used formula (Pearson chi-square test statistic =6.87,df=1,P<0.05). Breastfeeding self efficacy and perception of milk production were positively correlated.Conclusion. Breastfeeding assessment conducted prior to prescription of galactogogues is recommended for mothers and healthy term babies. Following Baby-Friendly hospital protocols and increasing self-efficacy for lactating women may be most effective in sustaining breastfeeding. Risks and benefits of various galactogogues are discussed.

Zero-Inflated Poisson Model with Group Data

2012 ◽  
Vol 569 ◽  
pp. 627-631
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Model Selection ◽  
Count Data ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Estimate ◽  
Poisson Model ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Chi Square Test

The Zero-inflated Poisson model has been widely used in many fields for count data with excessive zeroes. In fact, group data are often collected for many count data, such as cigarette consumption. In order to solve the problem, Zero-inflated Poisson model with group data is investigated in this paper. Parameter estimation is given by the maximum likelihood estimate, model selection is discussed by the Chi-square test, and one real example is given for application in the end.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN KUANTITAS TIDUR DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-159
Author(s):  
Gusnilawati Gusnilawati
Keyword(s):  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sleep Quantity ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Chi Square Test

Hypertension is not a contagious disease that is a cause of death in the world .Approximately 17.5 million people worldwide die from hypertension . An estimated 2025cases of hypertension will be 1.6 billion cases of hypertension . The cause of hypertension isdivided into two factors that can be controlled and uncontrolled . Controlled factors , amongothers, excessive salt intake , cholesterol , smoking , alcohol , physical activity , quantity ofsleep , lifestyle , stress , and obesity . This study was to determine the relationship of physicalactivity and quantity of sleep with the incidence of hypertension in Puskesmas SukamerinduBengkulu .This type of research is the use of cross -sectional and sampling methodsperformed with accidental sampling technique . The number of samples of this study were 97respondents and data collection was done by questionnaire interview . This study analyzesusing univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi - Square test statistic where the significantlevel p = 0.05The results of the study demonstrate a significant association between physicalactivity with incidence of hypertension with p = 0:00 and a significant correlation with theincidence of sleep quantity with hypertension incidence with p = 0:00 .PHC nurses expectedfurther improve the quality of health services, especially in patients at risk for hypertensionand preventive improvement can be done by preventing the increase in hypertension .

Effect of daylength at birth and lunar phase on the occurrence of first oestrus in beef heifers

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Greer
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Lunar Cycle ◽  
Lunar Phase ◽  
Linear Regression Equation ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
A Value ◽  
Chi Square Test

ABSTRACTData records from 556 beef heifers which included age at first oestrus (AFE) were used to test the null hypotheses: 1) daylength at birth is not a determinant of AFE in beef females; and 2) there is not an association between the day on which first oestrus occurred and the lunar phase.The effect of daylength at birth was measured by forming a variable, X1 where X1 = sine (X1′ 360/365·25)°, and including it among the set of variables in a multiple linear regression equation with AFE as the dependent variable. The resultant estimated coefficient on X1 was -3·617 with a standard error of 21·32, and led to the conclusion that daylength at birth was not a factor which affected AFE in this group of beef heifers.The lunar phase hypothesis was tested by forming the frequency distribution of the 556 observations of first oestrus over the 30-day lunar cycie. The chi-square test was applied with the theoretical (hypothesized) distribution being the uniform distribution. The value of the test statistic was such that the null hypothesis would not be rejected even with an a value approaching 0·50. Additionally, coefficients of autocorrelation calculated for lag phases of 7, 14 and 21 days were quite small. Thus it was concluded that the occurrence of first oestrus was uniformly distributed over the lunar cycle.

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