scholarly journals Migrant adolescents’ behavioral problems compared to host adolescents and adolescents in their region of origin: a longitudinal study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Qun Fang ◽  
Yan-rong Wang ◽  
Yun-Yun Du ◽  
Guo-Li Yan ◽  
Fu-Li Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Classroom Environment ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
Ecological Migration ◽  
Migrant Adolescents

Abstract Background Since the 1990s, families from the ecologically hostile mountainous southern areas of Ningxia Province, China, have been migrating to the northern areas of the province. This study compared the prevalence of behavioral problems among migrant adolescents to those among host adolescents (adolescents from the northern areas) and adolescents in the region of origin (adolescents from the southern areas), to determine whether ecological migration is related to adolescent behavioral problems, and possible changes in such problems over time. Methods We used the Children and Adolescents Ecological Migration Survey on Mental Health, administered to 4805 students aged 12–16 years and their parents between 2012 and 2014 (W1), of whom 1753 students and their parents completed the follow-up between 2014 and 2017 (W2). Parents answered questions related to adolescent behavioral problems, main source of family income, parents’ desire to reverse migrate, improved standard of living, and parents’ educational attainment, while children completed the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and a classroom environment questionnaire. Results The prevalence of behavioral problems among the migrant adolescents (28.04%) was significantly higher than among host adolescents (21.59%) or adolescents in the region of origin (24.37%; p < 0.001) at W1. After adjusting for gender and age, parents’ work outside the home was the main source of family income (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.13–1.78), and adolescents’ learning burden (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01–1.06) in school negatively influenced behavioral problems. Strong student-teacher relationships (OR = 0.97,95% CI = 0.94–0.99) and parents who had no intention to move back to the original residence (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.52–0.94) exerted a protective effect at W1; at W2, a protective effect was associated with improved living conditions (OR = 0.39–0.55, 95% CI = 0.25–0.84). The extent of behavioral problems among migrant adolescents significantly decreased after two years. Conclusion Ecological migration will increase children’s behavioral problems in the early stage, with various factors influencing the extent of these problems.

Care for delirium superimposed on dementia at an early stage

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Good Care ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Adequate Care ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Delirium Superimposed On Dementia

Delirium is a common serious complication in dementia that is associated with poor prognosis and a high burden on caregivers and healthcare professionals. Appropriate care is therefore important at an early stage for patients with delirium superimposed on dementia To gain insight into the care of six patients with delirium superimposed on dementia, 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted focused on the experiences of caregivers and professionals. The interviews revealed four themes that appeared to play a role: 1. experiences with and views on behavioral problems of these patients, 2. recognition and diagnosis of delirium in dementia, 3. views on good care and 4. organizational aspects. Knowledge gaps about delirium in dementia, as well as ethical considerations, play an important role in organizing timely and adequate care for patients with delirium superimposed on dementia.

Quality of life in breast cancer sufferers

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 721-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Essmat Shouman ◽  
Nahla Fawzy Abou El Ezz ◽  
Nivine Gado ◽  
Amal Mahmoud Ibrahim Goda
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Functional Domain ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to measure health-related quality of life (QOL) among patients with early stage cancer breast under curative treatment at department of oncology and nuclear medicine at Ain Shams University Hospitals. Identify factors affecting QOL among these patients. Design/methodology/approach – A cross-sectional study measured QOL among early stage female breast cancer (BC) patients and determined the main factors affecting their QOL. Three interviewer administered questionnaires were used. Findings – The physical domain mostly affected in BC patients and the functional domain least. Socio-demographic factors that significantly affected BC patients QOL scores were patient age, education, having children and family income. Specific patient characteristics include caregiver presence – a factor that affected different QOL scores. Age at diagnosis, affection in the side of the predominant hand, post-operative chemotherapy and difficulty in obtaining the medication were the disease-related factors that affected QOL scores. Originality/value – The final model predicting QOL for early stage female BC patients included age, education and difficulty in obtaining the medication as determinants for total QOL score. Carer presence was the specific patient characteristic that affected different QOL scores.

Immunoprotective Effect of Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase on Myeloid Graffi Tumor-Bearing Hamsters

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 649-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reneta A. Toshkova ◽  
Petia A. Dimitrova ◽  
Emilia H. Ivanova ◽  
Pavlina A. Dolashka ◽  
Maria B. Angelova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Tumor Antigens ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Tumor Bearing

Abstract Investigation on the immunoprotective activity of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase from Humicola lutea 103 AL (HLSOD) in hamsters with transplanted myeloid tumor was performed. Survivability, tumor growth and tumor transplantability were followed. The immune status of tumor-bearing animals, injected with the optimal protective HLSOD dose, was examined during 27 days after tumor transplantation by the following parameters: (i) the number, migration and phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages, (ii) the phagocytic activity of blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), (iii) the responsibility in vitro of spleen lymphocytes to T and B cell mitogens. It was established that intraperitoneal inoculation of HLSOD produced a protective effect on the development of tumors. Elongation of the latent time for tumor appearance and inhibition of the tumor growth were observed. The decreased percentage of mortality in early stage of tumor progression was established. Immunological studies on tumor-bearing hamsters (TBH) induced a tem porary immunorestoring effect on the suppressed phagocytic activities of peritoneal macrophages and blood PMNs during the first 14 days of tumor development. Moreover, HLSOD showed an expressed stimulating effect on proliferative activity in vitro of spleen B lymphocytes from healthy and TBH as well. The immunorestoring and protective effect of the enzyme was probably due to improve of the oxidant-antioxidant balance in peritoneal phagocytes. The tem porary character of the effect can be explained with the interference of immunosuppressing factors produced by tumor tissue as well as by the presence of tumor antigens, tumor cells and antigen-antibody complexes in the circulation.

scholarly journals Serum keratan sulfate transiently increases in the early stage of osteoarthritis during strenuous running of rats: protective effect of intraarticular hyaluronan injection

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. R13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Tang ◽  
Takeshi Muneta ◽  
Young-Jin Ju ◽  
Akimoto Nimura ◽  
Kyosuke Miyazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Keratan Sulfate

scholarly journals Daily Stress and Behavioral Problems in Chinese Children: The Moderating Roles of Family Functioning and the Classroom Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Wu ◽  
Fangyuan Ding ◽  
Tianqiang Hu ◽  
Gang Cheng ◽  
Xiaoyu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Family Functioning ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Classroom Environment ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Classroom Environments ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Moderator Effects ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship

Grounded in the stress-coping model, our study examined family functioning and the classroom environment as protective factors in the relationship between daily stress and behavioral problems in Chinese children. The participants were 1,450 children (51.7% male, Mage = 10.91 years, SD = 0.96) in the fourth, fifth, and sixth grades at five schools. The children completed the questionnaires measuring daily stress, family functioning, and the classroom environment. Additionally, their parents rated their behavioral problems. The latent moderated structural (LMS) equation approach was used to test moderator effects. After controlling for sex and grade, our results indicate that daily stress positively predicted the children’s behavioral problems. Both family functioning and the classroom environment moderated the relationship between daily stress and behavioral problems. Further assessment of latent interaction effects indicate that buffering effects on behavioral problems were most prominent in conditions involving low stress. In sum, families and schools should not ignore children’s minor stressors, as interventions involving family functioning and favorable classroom environments may help to reduce behavioral problems in children who report low levels of daily stress.

scholarly journals Investigating Bangladeshi university students’ willingness to communicate (WTC) in English classes through a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Rabiul Alam
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Classroom Environment ◽  
English Learners ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Willingness To Communicate ◽  
English Classes ◽  
Learning English

Abstract In Bangladesh, learning English starts as a compulsory subject like other core subjects from the very early stage of a learner. However, after spending at least 12 years in learning English, learners’ oral skill is not seen up to the mark while they enter into the university for their tertiary education. Sometimes, they are noticed to have their unwillingness to communicate with others. Hence, the current study aims to see the experiences of Bangladeshi university students’ willingness to communicate (WTC) by employing a multiple case study method. 10 undergraduate students from a private university were interviewed. Apart from semi-structured interview, classroom observations were also carried out for data collection. The obtained data were analysed through the content analysis process. The findings show that students’ earlier experiences of learning English have been positive; however, they see grammar-based English learning as an obstacle in their communication development. It also reveals that learners’ WTC is greatly influenced by classroom environment that enhances or declines learners’ interest to communicate with others. Based on the findings, the study suggests incorporating more drills in English classes by engaging learners with real-life based conversations, dialogues and so forth to enhance learners’ WTC. Hence, learners’ real voice would help the policymakers and language instructors to take the issue into consideration and way-out timely measures. As the study has considered fewer respondents, future studies are expected to shed light on more respondents including the voice of the teachers to have a deeper understanding of the issue.

scholarly journals IL-33/ST2 Axis Plays a Protective Effect in Streptococcus pyogenes Infection through Strengthening of the Innate Immunity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10566
Author(s):  
Chih-Feng Kuo ◽  
Wei-Yu Chen ◽  
Hai-Han Yu ◽  
Yu-Hsuan Tsai ◽  
Ya-Chu Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Gene Knockout ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Th2 Response ◽  
Air Pouch ◽  
Infiltrating Cells

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) causes invasive human diseases with the cytokine storm. Interleukin-33 (IL-33)/suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) axis is known to drive TH2 response, while its effect on GAS infection is unclear. We used an air pouch model to examine the effect of the IL-33/ST2 axis on GAS-induced necrotizing fasciitis. GAS infection induced IL-33 expression in wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice, whereas the IL-33- and ST2-knockout mice had higher mortality rates, more severe skin lesions and higher bacterial loads in the air pouches than those of WT mice after infection. Surveys of infiltrating cells in the air pouch of GAS-infected mice at the early stage found that the number and cell viability of infiltrating cells in both gene knockout mice were lower than those of WT mice. The predominant effector cells in GAS-infected air pouches were neutrophils. Absence of the IL-33/ST2 axis enhanced the expression of inflammatory cytokines, but not TH1 or TH2 cytokines, in the air pouch after infection. Using in vitro assays, we found that the IL-33/ST2 axis not only enhanced neutrophil migration but also strengthened the bactericidal activity of both sera and neutrophils. These results suggest that the IL-33/ST2 axis provided the protective effect on GAS infection through enhancing the innate immunity.

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