scholarly journals Assessing physical performance and physical activity in large population-based aging studies: home-based assessments or visits to the research center?

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erja Portegijs ◽  
Laura Karavirta ◽  
Milla Saajanaho ◽  
Timo Rantalainen ◽  
Taina Rantanen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older People ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Functioning

Abstract Background The current study aims to compare correlations between a range of measures of physical performance and physical activity assessing the same underlying construct in different settings, that is, in a home versus a highly standardized setting of the research center or accelerometer recording. We also evaluated the selective attrition of participants related to these different settings and how selective attrition affects the associations between variables and indicators of health, functioning and overall activity. Methods Cross-sectional analyses comprising population-based samples of people aged 75, 80, and 85 years living independently in Jyväskylä, Finland. The AGNES study protocol involved the following phases: 1) phone interview (n = 1886), 2) face-to-face at-home interview (n = 1018), 3) assessments in the research center (n = 910), and 4) accelerometry (n = 496). Phase 2 and 3 included walking and handgrip strength tests, and phase 4 a chest-worn and thigh-worn accelerometer estimating physical activity and assessing posture, respectively, for 3–10 days in free-living conditions. Results Older people with poorer health and functioning more likely refrained from subsequent study phases, each requiring more effort or commitment from participants. Paired measures of walking speed (R = 0.69), handgrip strength (R = 0.85), time in physical activity of at least moderate intensity (R = 0.42), and time in upright posture (R = 0.30) assessed in different settings correlated with each other, and they correlated with indicators of health, functioning and overall activity. Associations were robust regardless of limitations in health and functioning, and low overall activity. Conclusions Correlational analyses did not clearly reveal one superior setting for assessing physical performance or physical activity. Inclusion of older people with early declines in health, functioning and overall activity in studies on physical performance and physical activity is feasible in terms of study outcomes, but challenging for recruitment.

scholarly journals The relationship between physical activity and mental health varies across activity intensity levels and dimensions of mental health among women and men

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1207-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Asztalos ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽  
Greet Cardon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
General Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Secondary Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjectiveTo explore gender-specific variations related to activity intensity in the relationship between physical activity (PA) and mental health (MH). Evaluating whether psychological well-being enhances with increases in PA at recommended levels and above, in the general population.DesignCross-sectional.SettingPopulation-based, representative for Belgium.SubjectsA total of 6803 adults aged 25–64 years from the Belgian National Health Interview Survey.ResultsMultiple logistic regression analyses showed that clearly different intensity levels characterised the PA that associated with MH in women and men. In men, inverse associations existed between participation in vigorous-intensity PA and feelings of depression (OR = 0·580; 95 % CI 0·405, 0·830), anxiety (OR = 0·547; 95 % CI 0·364, 0·821) and symptoms of somatisation (OR = 0·590; 95 % CI 0·398, 0·874). In women, positive associations existed between walking and emotional well-being (OR = 1·202; 95 % CI 1·038, 1·394) and inverse associations between participation in moderate-intensity PA and symptoms of somatisation (OR = 0·737; 95 % CI 0·556, 0·977). Secondary analyses confirmed that differences in psychological complaints were significant for vigorous PA in men, and for moderate PA in women, whereas differences in emotional well-being were significant for walking exclusively in women.ConclusionsIn the general population, the PA–MH relationship is always positive, regardless of activity intensity. In men, it addresses complaints (symptoms, palpable discomfort) and the optimal PA intensity is high. In women, it addresses complaints, but also distress (lowered mood, disturbing anxiety, altered well-being) and the PA intensity is mild.

Does Habitual Physical Activity Prevent Insomnia? A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study of Elderly Japanese

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachiko Inoue ◽  
Takashi Yorifuji ◽  
Masumi Sugiyama ◽  
Toshiki Ohta ◽  
Kazuko Ishikawa-Takata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Elderly Japanese

Few epidemiological studies have examined the potential protective effects of physical activity on insomnia. The authors thus evaluated the association between physical activity and insomnia in a large population-based study in Shizuoka, Japan. Individual data were obtained from participants in an ongoing cohort study. A total of 14,001 older residents who completed questionnaires were followed for 3 yr. Of these, 10,211 and 3,697 participants were eligible for the cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, respectively. The authors obtained information about the frequency of physical activity and insomnia. Then, the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals between physical activity and insomnia were estimated. Habitual physical activity was related to lower prevalence of insomnia. Frequent physical activity also reduced the incidence of insomnia, especially difficulty maintaining sleep. For elderly people with sufficient mobility and no preexisting disease, high-frequency physical activity (e.g., 5 or more days/wk) may help reduce insomnia.

Leisure-Time Physical Activity: Association With Activity Levels in Other Domains

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Airton J. Rombaldi ◽  
Ana M.B. Menezes ◽  
Mario Renato Azevedo ◽  
Pedro C. Hallal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

Objectives:To explore whether participation in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is associated with participation in occupational, housework, and transport-related physical activity.Methods:Population-based cross-sectional study covering a multistage sample of 972 subjects age 20 to 69 years. Physical activity was measured using the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. A LTPA score was calculated as follows: min/wk of walking + min/wk of moderate-intensity physical activity + (min/wk of vigorous-intensity physical activity × 2). Similar scores were generated for each domain. For categorical analyses, the scores were divided into 3 categories: 0 min/wk, 10−149 min/wk, and ≥150 min/wk.Results:The proportion of subjects practicing less than 150 min/wk of physical activity in each domain was: leisure-time (69.8%), occupational (58.3%), housework (35.0%), transportation (51.9%). Subjects with a transport-related physical activity score equal to or above 150 min/wk were 40% less likely to be sedentary in leisure-time in comparison with those who did not practice transport-related physical activity. Housework and occupational physical activity were not related to participation in LTPA.Conclusions:Future physical activity campaigns should focus on other domains instead of LTPA alone, particularly supporting transport-related physical activity as a strategy of health promotion.

scholarly journals The relationship between serum IGF-1, handgrip strength, physical performance and falls in elderly men and women

2018 ◽  
Vol 179 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
I C van Nieuwpoort ◽  
M C Vlot ◽  
L A Schaap ◽  
P Lips ◽  
M L Drent
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam

Objective Human aging is accompanied by a decrease in growth hormone secretion and serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 levels. Also, loss of muscle mass and strength and impairment of physical performance, ending in a state of frailty, are seen in elderly. We aimed to investigate whether handgrip strength, physical performance and recurrent falls are related to serum IGF-1 levels in community-dwelling elderly. Design Observational cohort study (cross-sectional and prospective). Methods We studied the association between IGF-1 and handgrip strength, physical performance and falls in participants of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. A total of 1292 participants were included (633 men, 659 women). Serum IGF-1 levels were divided into quartiles (IGF-1-Q1 to IGF-1-Q4). Data on falls were collected prospectively for a period of 3 years. All analyses were stratified for age and physical activity and adjusted for relevant confounders. Results Men with a low physical activity score in IGF-1-Q1 and IGF-1-Q2 of the younger age group had a lower handgrip strength compared to IGF-1-Q4. In younger more active males in IGF-1-Q2 physical performance was worse. Recurrent fallers were less prevalent in older, low active males with low IGF-1 levels. In females, recurrent fallers were more prevalent in older, more active females in IGF-1-Q2. IGF-1 quartile may predict changes in handgrip strength and physical performance in men and women. Conclusions Our results indicate that lower IGF-1 levels are associated with lower handgrip strength and worse physical performance, but less recurrent fallers especially in men. Associations were often more robust in IGF-1-Q2. Future studies on this topic are desirable.

scholarly journals Does meeting physical activity recommendations ameliorate association between television viewing with cardiovascular disease risk? A cross-sectional, population-based analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e036507
Author(s):  
Freda Patterson ◽  
Jonathan A Mitchell ◽  
Gregory Dominick ◽  
Alicia J Lozano ◽  
Liming Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Television Viewing ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectivesAs a common form of sedentary behaviour, television viewing is associated with an increase in body mass index (BMI) as well as overall cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This study examined the extent to which meeting the recommended volume of weekly physical activity (PA) reduced the association between television viewing with the outcomes of BMI and CVD risk. A second aim was to determine the number of hours (ie, cut-point) of daily television viewing that conferred a higher BMI and CVD risk for a large population-based sample of adults.DesignPopulation-based, cross-sectional study.SettingUK Biobank recruited across 35 centres in the UK between 2006 and 2010.Primary outcomeCVD risk, as measured by the 30-year Framingham risk score.ResultsLinear regression models indicated that every additional hour of television viewing per day was associated with a 3% increase in CVD risk (aCoeff=0.03, d=0.16, p<0.0001); the interaction between television viewing with meeting PA guidelines was marginally associated with CVD risk (aCoeff=0.0010, d=0.01, p=0.014). Each additional hour of television viewing per day was associated with a 0.54 increase in BMI (aCoeff=0.54, d=0.13, p<0.0001); the interaction between television viewing with meeting PA guidelines was not significantly associated with BMI. Regression tree models of the study outcomes revealed that 2.5 hours of television viewing was associated with pronounced increases in BMI and CVD risk.ConclusionsThese data underscore the independent association between television viewing with cardiovascular risk and suggest that reducing television viewing to less than 2.5 hours per day, even in physically active adults, is a clinical and public health priority.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Modified Short Physical Performance Battery and Falls: A Cross-Sectional Study of Older Outpatients

Geriatrics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Kazuki Fukui ◽  
Noriaki Maeda ◽  
Makoto Komiya ◽  
Junpei Sasadai ◽  
Tsubasa Tashiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Short Physical Performance Battery ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional

The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a physical fall-risk screening tool and predictor of adverse health effects for the older. Its limited use in Japan is due to the relative ease for high-functioning older adults to achieve perfect scores. Japanese researchers thus created a community-based SPPB (SPPB-com). This study investigated whether the SPPB-com score can distinguish between older patients classified as “fallers” and “non-fallers.” Participants comprised 185 older outpatients aged 65 and above who self-reported their history of accidental falls and relevant physical activity. Fall risk was assessed using SPPB and SPPB-com. Handgrip strength, maximum isometric knee extensor strength, and maximum walking speed were measured as physical functions. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver-operating characteristic analyses determined criteria indicating faller status. Fallers were older and had lower physical function, physical activity, SPPB, and SPPB-com scores than non-fallers. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed SPPB (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.59–0.99, p = 0.045) and SPPB-com (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.45–0.87, p = 0.005) scores were both independently associated with prior falls. The SPPB-com score may function as a fall-risk assessment tool for older outpatients, and its combined use with SPPB can increase the accuracy and precision of distinction between fallers and non-fallers.

scholarly journals A comparison of the different anthropometric indices for assessing malnutrition among older people in Turkey: a large population-based screening

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülüşan Özgün Başıbüyük ◽  
Parvin Ayremlou ◽  
Sakineh Nouri Saeidlou ◽  
Faruk Ay ◽  
Akgül Dalkıran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objective Due to an increase in aging worldwide, assessment of the nutritional status of older people becomes an important matter. Malnutrition in older people increases the risk of infections, disease period and hospitalization rates. This study aimed to compare the different anthropometric indices for detecting malnutrition among older people and comparing these indices among males and females to explain the possible differences. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 2721 aged 65 years and older in Turkey were enrolled. Anthropometric measurements weight, height, hip circumference (HC), and waist circumference (WC), abdominal circumference (AC), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), triceps skinfold thickness (TST), calf circumference (CC)) were measured. Body mass index (BMI), abdominal volume index (AVI), body roundness index (BRI) and body adiposity index (BAI), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) indices were calculated using standardized formulas. The receiver operator characteristic curves (ROCs) were conducted in detecting the best anthropometric parameters. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) (stratified by sex) calculated for each anthropometric index. Results Participants with both BMI < 18.5 (1.1%) and BMI > 25 (80%) defined as the malnourished group and BMI of 18.5–24.99 (18.9%) defined as the normal group. In both sexes, the area under the curve (AUC) was > 0.7 for all anthropometric indices except WHR in females (AUC 0.66). BRI, WHR, WHtR, and AVI indices strongly predict the risk of malnutrition among both sexes. In males, the ORs were for BRI (6.83, 95% CI 5.39–8.66), WHR (6.43, 95% CI 5.9–6.9), AVI (2.02, 95% CI 1.86–2.12). In females, the ORs were for BRI (3.72, 95% CI 3.09–4.48), WtHR (2.63, 95% CI 1.3–3.5), and WHR (2.45, 95% CI 1.9–3.06). Discussion The presence of a large AUC in almost all anthropometric indices suggests that they can be used to assess the risk of malnutrition among older persons in both sexes.

scholarly journals Reference values and factors associated with hand grip strength among older adults living in southeastern Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Wiśniowska-Szurlej ◽  
Agnieszka Ćwirlej-Sozańska ◽  
Justyna Kilian ◽  
Natalia Wołoszyn ◽  
Bernard Sozański ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older People ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

AbstractHandgrip strength (HGS) is used as a biomarker for the state of health of older people, but the number of research publications containing the normative values of HGS in older adult populations is limited. The aim of the study was to define reference values and factors associated with HGS in older adults living in southeastern Poland. A cross-sectional study including 405 participants aged 65 and older was conducted. Handgrip strength for the dominant hand was assessed by the average of three trials using a JAMAR dynamometer. The sample was categorized into the following age groups: 65–69 years, 70–74 years, 75–79 years, 80–84 years, 85 and over. The average HGS was 19.98 kg (16.91 kg for women and 26.19 kg for men). There was a decrease in handgrip strength across the age range in both sexes. The average handgrip strength of the older people was 17.97 kg (14.47 kg for women and 25.66 kg for men) for those aged 80–85 and 16.68 kg (13.51 kg for women and 21.77 kg for men) in the group over 85 years old. In both sexes, marital status was an independent factor associated with reduced handgrip strength. In conclusion, this study described, for the first time, handgrip strength values for the southeastern Polish population aged ≥ 65 years according to age and gender.

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