scholarly journals Leprosy in urban space, areas of risk for disability and worsening of this health condition in Foz Do Iguaçu, the border region between Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivaneliza Simionato de Assis ◽  
Thais Zamboni Berra ◽  
Luana Seles Alves ◽  
Antônio Carlos Viera Ramos ◽  
Luiz Henrique Arroyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Risk For Disability

scholarly journals Factors Associated with COVID-19 Testing among People who Inject Drugs: Missed Opportunities for Reaching those Most at Risk

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Yeager ◽  
Daniela Abramovitz ◽  
Alicia Y. Harvey-Vera ◽  
Carlos F. Vera ◽  
Angel B. Algarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
San Diego ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Chronic Health Condition ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mexico Border

People who inject drugs (PWID) are vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We examined correlates of COVID-19 testing among PWID in the U.S.-Mexico border region and described encounters with services or venues representing potential opportunities (i.e., "touchpoints") where COVID-19 testing could have been offered. Between October, 2020 and September, 2021, participants aged ≥18 years from San Diego, California, USA and Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico who injected drugs within the last month completed surveys and SARS-CoV-2, HIV, and HCV serologic testing. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with COVID-19 testing prior to enrollment. Of 583 PWID, 30.5% previously had a COVID-19 test. Of 172 PWID who tested SARS-CoV-2 seropositive in our study (30.1%), 50.3% encountered at least one touchpoint within the prior six months where COVID-19 testing could have been offered. Factors independently associated with at least two fold higher odds of COVID-19 testing were living in San Diego (versus Tijuana), having recently been incarcerated or attending substance use disorder (SUD) treatment and having at least one chronic health condition. In addition, recent homelessness, having had at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose and having been tested for HIV or HCV since the pandemic began were independently associated with COVID-19 testing. We identified several factors independently associated with COVID-19 testing and multiple touchpoints where COVID-19 testing could be scaled up for PWID, such as SUD treatment programs and syringe service programs. Integrated health services are needed to improve access to rapid, free COVID-19 testing in this vulnerable population.

scholarly journals HABITAT PERKOTAAN DI KOTA KUPANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Yoseph Liem ◽  
Rilia Rigina Mahagarmitha
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
City Government ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Urban Habitat ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
Commercial Area ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
The City

Title: Urban Habitat in Kupang City The issue of urban space clash in Indonesia is not only in the level of space occupation but also in the loss of habitat-driving force in the city. It is also happening in the city of Kupang as capital of East Nusa Tenggara Province, and also as the border region with the state of Timor Leste. The city of Kupang developing at this time, continues to carry out the growth to the coastal areas . It is in fact contradictory to the regulations that have been made before. The area in this case study of the research is Pasir Panjang Beach - Kelapa Lima, where it is locate in previously a habitat for fishermen colonies in the coastal area of Kupang City. Next to this location is a public space. This study aims to determine the conflict of interest in the space utilization in the city of Kupang. The descriptive research methods will be used, through literature studies, Kupang City government documents, observations, and interviews with local communities. Based on the results of the analysis, there are deviations in the function of urban space, which initially is a public space, then turned into a commercial area. Thus, in this study, it can be concluded that urban space can be assessed in terms of its function and role within the city in reallity can be influenced through the process of adaptation, negotiation, and power play. Changes in function of the urban space can cause various kinds of urban problems, including social issues, the environment, and unbalanced city growth.

scholarly journals City image based on mental maps — the case study of Szczecin (Poland)

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Barbara Osóch ◽  
Anna Czaplińska
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Mental Image ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Synthetic Image ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
City Image ◽  
Mental Maps ◽  
The City

Abstract Perception of space is an especially important part of research on urban fabric. The perception of a city is strongly correlated not only with a specific time and place but, first and foremost, with surveyed populations who, apart from having varying demographic features, frequently represent disparate community and cultural profiles. The objective of this study was to assess how the urban space of Szczecin (Poland) is perceived by its inhabitants and to ascertain the relations between various image elements. The example of Szczecin appears to be interesting, in as much as it is a peripheral city of a cross-border region with a historically and culturally diverse local community. The presented research used a method of analysing mental (image) maps based on the methodology proposed by Kevin Lynch (1960) and modified by the authors to incorporate in-depth interviews. Individual respondents’ views were used to create a synthetic image of the city.

Physical Illness and Suicide Risk in Rural Residents of Contemporary China

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cun-Xian Jia ◽  
Lin-Lin Wang ◽  
Ai-Qiang Xu ◽  
Ai-Ying Dai ◽  
Ping Qin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Population

Background: Physical illness is linked with an increased risk of suicide; however, evidence from China is limited. Aims: To assess the influence of physical illness on risk of suicide among rural residents of China, and to examine the differences in the characteristics of people completing suicide with physical illness from those without physical illness. Method: In all, 200 suicide cases and 200 control subjects, 1:1 pair-matched on sex and age, were included from 25 townships of three randomly selected counties in Shandong Province, China. One informant for each suicide or control subject was interviewed to collect data on the physical health condition and psychological and sociodemographic status. Results: The prevalence of physical illness in suicide cases (63.0%) was significantly higher than that in paired controls (41.0%; χ2 = 19.39, p < .001). Compared with suicide cases without physical illness, people who were physically ill and completed suicide were generally older, less educated, had lower family income, and reported a mental disorder less often. Physical illness denoted a significant risk factor for suicide with an associated odds ratio of 3.23 (95% CI: 1.85–5.62) after adjusted for important covariates. The elevated risk of suicide increased progressively with the number of comorbid illnesses. Cancer, stroke, and a group of illnesses comprising dementia, hemiplegia, and encephalatrophy had a particularly strong effect among the commonly reported diagnoses in this study population. Conclusion: Physical illness is an important risk factor for suicide in rural residents of China. Efforts for suicide prevention are needed and should be integrated with national strategies of health care in rural China.

The characteristics of health condition of students of medical university

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shestera A. A. ◽  
◽  
Kijunova V. Yu. ◽  
Kiku P. F. ◽  
Kuzmina T. N. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Condition ◽  
Medical University

Development of entrepreneurship in valuable natural rural areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 753-770
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Slusarza ◽  
Marek Cierpial-Wolan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Synthetic Indicators ◽  
Linkage Method ◽  
Endogenous Potential ◽  
Urbanized Region

The values of the natural environment in the subject literature are commonly indicated as an asset conducive to development shaping the competitiveness of areas with such values. The paper attempts to assess the use of endogenous potential of such areas in shaping the multifunctional, sustainable development of rural areas that have such qualities. In particular, the aim was to check to what extent the sme sector, dominating in the economic structure of rural areas, solves the key problem of labour market imbalance and population migration in environmentally valuable areas. The area of detailed research is Podkarpacie, the Polish region considered as a peripheral, border region, the least urbanized region with the highest share of areas covered by various forms of nature protection and forestation, with one of the lowest gdp per capita indicator in the country. For the purpose of implementing the research assumptions, a taxonomic unit (using the complete linkage method) consisting of powiats with the highest concentration of features characteristic for rural areas of high natural values was separated. Synthetic indicators calculated on the basis of the Hellwig taxonomic development pattern method and a positional method using Weber's median were used to assess the diversity of entrepreneurship level. The research confirmed that the non-agricultural economic activity sector is less developed in areas of high natural value. Despite positive developments in the enterprise sector, their potential is too weak an economic base for addressing unsustainable labour market problems, as evidenced by high unemployment and a high negative migration balance. This limits the use of the endogenous potential of these areas and is not conducive to the concept of multifunctional, sustainable development. Migration poses a threat to the depopulation of these areas with all the negative consequences associated with such processes. This is a challenge for the studied areas and regional policy.

Construction of citizenship in hospitalized children, Peru

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Fernando Ledesma Perez ◽  
Maria Caycho Avalos ◽  
Juana Cruz Montero ◽  
Andrea Ayala Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interview ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Communication Interaction ◽  
The Individual

Citizenship is the exercise of the fundamental rights of people in spaces of participation, opinion and commitments, which can not be violated by any health condition in which the individual is. This research aims to interpret the process of construction of citizenship in hospitalized children, was developed through the qualitative approach, ethnomethodological method, synchronous design, with a sample of three students hospitalized in a health institute specializing in childhood, was used Observation technique and a semi-structured interview guide were obtained as results that hospitalized children carry out their citizenship construction in an incipient way, through the communication interaction they make with other people in the environment where they grow up.

Oral Health Status in Relation to Nutritional Status among 9 years old school Children in Dewanyiah City/Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Dr. Zahraa Ali Al-Awadi ◽  
Dr. Baydaa Hussien Hussien
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Primary Dentition ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Although they are not life threatening, dental caries and periodontaldisease are the most predominant and widely spread oral diseases throughout theworld. The aims of the study included the investigation of the prevalence andseverity of dental caries, gingivitis and dental plaque in relation to gender,furthermore, nutritional status was assessed in relation to oral health condition(dental caries).Materials and Methods: This oral health survey was conducted among primaryschool children aged 9 years old in Dewanyiah city in Iraq. The total samplecomposed of 600 child (320 males and 280 females) selected randomly fromdifferent school in Dewanyiah city. Diagnosis of dental caries was according tothe criteria described by WHO (1987). Plaque index of Silness and Loe (1964)was used for plaque assessment, gingival index of Loe and Silness (1963) wasfollowed for recording gingival health condition. Nutritional status was assessedaccording to body mass index (BMI) indicator using anthropometric measurement(height and weight).Results: Results showed that the prevalence of dental caries was 85% for 9 year-oldschool children. Regarding primary and permanent dentition, dental caries washigher among females compared to males with statistically significant difference(P<0.05) for primary dentition, on the other hand, males showed higher values offilled surfaces compared to females with statistically significant difference(P<0.05) for primary dentition and highly significant difference (P<0.01) forpermanent dentition. Finding of this study revealed that 100% of the children hadgingival inflammation. Furthermore, the values of plaque and gingival indiceswere higher among males compared to females with statistically highly significantdifferences (P<0.01). In current study, the prevalence of malnutrition described bythe BMI indicator was 5.3%. For total samples no significant difference wasrecorded in dmfs /DMFS values among wasting and well nourished children(P>0.05).Conclusion: A high prevalence of dental caries and gingivitis were recorded.Improvement in the prevention educational programs is needed among schoolchildren.

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