scholarly journals Sex differences in the prevalence and adverse outcomes of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in community dwelling elderly in East China using the AWGS criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanping Du ◽  
Xiaodong Wang ◽  
Hua Xie ◽  
Songbai Zheng ◽  
Xiaoqing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
East China ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism

Abstract Background Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity (SO) have a greater impact on the elderly. This study aimed to explore whether there were sex differences in the prevalence and adverse outcomes of sarcopenia and SO in community-dwelling elderly individuals in East China. Methods This was a cross-sectional study that enrolled 213 males and 418 females aged > 65 years. Demographic characteristics, body composition, hand grip, gait speed, and indices of glucose and lipid metabolism were collected. Sarcopenia and SO were diagnosed using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria. Results (1) The prevalence of sarcopenia was 19.2% in males and 8.6% in females. The prevalence of SO was 7.0% in males and 2.4% in females. (2) In males, the odds ratios (ORs) of osteoporosis and dyslipidemia in the SO group were 4.21-fold and 4.15-fold higher than those in the normal group, respectively. In females, the ORs of osteoporosis and hyperglycemia in the SO group were 1.12-fold and 4.21-fold higher than those in the normal group. Conclusions Males were more likely to be sarcopenic and to have SO than females using the AWGS criteria. Females with SO were more likely to have higher blood glucose, whereas males with SO were more likely to have osteoporosis and dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with the Caregivers’ Desire to Institutionalize Persons with Dementia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 298-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Vandepitte ◽  
Koen Putman ◽  
Nele Van Den Noortgate ◽  
Sofie Verhaeghe ◽  
Eric Mormont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Respite Care ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Background/Aims: Dementia is one of the main reasons for institutionalization among the elderly. Few studies have explored factors associated with the caregivers’ (CG) desire to institutionalize (DTI) a person with dementia (PWD). The objective of this study is to identify modifiable and non-modifiable psychosocial and sociodemographic factors associated with a caregiver’s DTI. Methods: Cross-sectional data of 355 informal CG of community-dwelling PWD were analyzed. Several characteristics were identified in CG and PWD to be included in a multivariable regression model based on the purposeful selection method. Results: Positively modifiable associated factors were: higher CG burden, being affected by behavioral problems, and respite care use. Positively associated non-modifiable factors were: CG older age, being professionally active, and CG higher educational level. Cohabitation and change of professional situation were negatively associated. Conclusion: Although no causality can be assumed, several practical recommendations can be suggested. First of all, these results reconfirm the importance of multicomponent strategies, especially support aimed at decreasing burden and in learning coping strategies. Also, CG might benefit from information about support options, such as respite care services. Finally, special attention should be given to older and working CG. In the latter, flexible and adaptive working conditions might alleviate burden and therefore reduce the DTI of the PWD.

scholarly journals Factors associated with risk of malnutrition in the elderly in south-eastern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Damião ◽  
Álvaro da Silva Santos ◽  
Alicia Matijasevich ◽  
Paulo Rossi Menezes
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT: Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition risk and its association with socioeconomic, behavioral, and health characteristics in the community-dwelling elderly. Methods: A cross-sectional study with individuals aged ≥ 60 years. Nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Socioeconomic, behavioral, and health information was also collected from all participants. The association between each variable and the risk of malnutrition was calculated and adjusted using Poisson hierarchical regression. Results: The initial sample consisted of 3,101 elderly people, of whom 28.3% (95%CI 25.3 - 31.4%) were at risk of malnutrition. The multivariate analysis showed that the risk of malnutrition was significantly higher in women without formal education, who did not live with a partner, and identified as black-skinned. The risk of malnutrition was twice as high in individuals with no family income as compared to those who earned at least three minimum wages. Smokers were also more likely to be at risk of malnutrition than individuals who had never smoked. Participants suffering from kidney, respiratory or heart disease were at higher risk of malnutrition than those with no history of such illnesses. Conclusion: These findings could be used to help in the development of health policies and in the establishment of adequate programs aimed at reducing the risk of malnutrition in this population.

scholarly journals Malnutrition in free-living elderly in rural south India: prevalence and risk factors

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1328-1332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Vedantam ◽  
Vijay Subramanian ◽  
Nicholas Vijay Rao ◽  
KR John
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
South India ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of malnutrition among free-living elderly in a rural population of south India.DesignCross-sectional study. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire, which is an eighteen-item nutritional screening instrument used in the elderly.SettingKaniyambadi block, a rural development block in the state of Tamil Nadu, south India.SubjectsCommunity-dwelling elderly (aged 60 years and above).ResultsAs evaluated by the MNA, 14 % of the 227 subjects were malnourished and 49 % were at risk of malnourishment. No significant difference was found between men and women. The majority of the elderly were living with their children, had no income and consumed three meals per day. Older age (P < 0·001), decreased food intake (P < 0·001) and consuming fewer meals (P < 0·001) were independently associated with lower MNA scores.ConclusionsMore than 60 % of the subjects had low MNA scores (<23·5) indicating that deficient protein–energy intake is common among rural elderly of south India and requires more attention.

Measurement equivalence across gender and education in the WHOQOL-BREF for community-dwelling elderly Taiwanese

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1375-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Ying Lin ◽  
Yueh-Ping Li ◽  
Sang-I Lin ◽  
Ching-Huey Chen
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Measurement Equivalence ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Root Mean Square Residual ◽  
Multiple Group

ABSTRACTBackground:The WHOQOL-BREF, a generic quality of life (QoL) instrument, has been widely used clinically and for research on older populations. However, its measurement equivalence/invariance (ME/I) has not been well examined for the elderly (≥ 65 years) across some different demographics.Methods:The data were derived from a cross-sectional study with a convenience sampling design in Taiwan. We enrolled 244 elderly participants: men = 143 (58.6%); educational level ≤ primary school = 121 (49.6%). The ME/I was examined using multiple group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) across gender and educational level.Results:The fit indices were satisfactory for the configural models of gender and educational level (standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = 0.0742 and 0.0770; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.0655 and 0.0686; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.953). In addition, MGCFAs showed that ME/I was supported across gender (ΔSRMR = 0.001 to 0.019; ΔRMSEA = −0.003 to 0.001; ΔCFI = −0.003 to 0.000) and educational level (ΔSRMR = 0.002 to 0.006; ΔRMSEA = −0.002 to 0.004; ΔCFI = −0.007 to 0.000).Conclusion:The WHOQOL-BREF Taiwan version is appropriate for combined use and for comparisons in older people across gender and different educational levels.

scholarly journals Sex differences in impact of sarcopenia on falls in community-dwelling Korean older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunsoo Soh ◽  
Chang Won Won
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Falls are one of the most serious health problems among older adults. Sarcopenia is characterized by a decrease in muscle mass, strength, and physical function. Due to potentially age-related conditions, both falls and sarcopenia have common risk factors. However, the association between sarcopenia and falls is controversial. Moreover, the sex differences in the impact of sarcopenia on falls is not yet clear. This study aimed to investigate the sex differences in the impact of sarcopenia, defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), on falls in Korean older adults. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we used data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study; 2323 community-dwelling older adults (1111 males and 1212 females) aged 70–84 years were recruited in this cross-sectional study. To evaluate sarcopenia, the AWGS diagnostic algorithm was used. We compared the faller and non-faller groups. We performed unadjusted and fully adjusted logistic regression analyses to evaluate the relationship between sarcopenia, falls, and fall-related fractures. Results A total of 239 (24.1%) females in the faller group had a history of falls in the past year, which was statistically higher than that in males (176, 15.8%). In the fully adjusted model, handgrip strength (odds ratio [OR] = 1.508, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.028–2.211), and short physical performance battery (OR = 2.068, 95% CI = 1.308–3.271) were significantly lower in the male faller group. However, in the fully adjusted model, the female faller group only showed a significantly low appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (OR = 1.419, 95% CI = 1.058–1.903). Conclusions This large cohort study aimed to identify the sex differences in the incidence of sarcopenia in the older Korean population, using the AWGS diagnostic algorithm, and its correlation with falls and fall-related fractures. The incidence of falls did not increase in the sarcopenia group. Among the sarcopenia components, sex differences affect the history of falls. Therefore, when studying the risk of falls in old age, sex differences should be considered.

scholarly journals Inflammatory parameters in elderly women with and without sarcopenic obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Silvana Schwerz Funghetto ◽  
Alessandro Oliveira Silva ◽  
Maurilio Tiradentes Dutra ◽  
Marina Morato Stival ◽  
Yuri Gustavo Sousa Barbalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters

The combination of increased fat mass with a decrease in muscle mass and strength in the elderly has been termed sarcopenic obesity (SO). In addition, augmented levels of inflammatory markers have been reported in subjects with SO. Two hundred-sixteen obese elderly women were included in this cross-sectional study. They underwent body composition analysis by DEXA to define the presence of SO. Volunteers were divided into two groups: SO (n= 83; 66.7 ± 5.6 years) and non-SO (n= 133; 67.6 ± 4.9 years) for the comparison of inflammatory cytokines.  There were no significant differences between SO and non-SO groups in the blood concentrations of the inflammatory markers analyzed, e.g. interleukin-6 (0.82 ± 0.20 vs 0.83 ± 0.19 pg/ml; p=0.64), C-reactive protein (2.70 ± 1.55 vs 2.82 ± 1.66 pg/ml; p=0.71), tumor necrosis factor alpha (0.71 ± 0.08 vs 0.70 ± 0.08 pg/ml; p=0.42) and interferon-gamma (0.75 ± 0.14 vs 0.74 ± 0.08 pg/ml; p=0.47), respectively. Thus, in the studied population, inflammatory markers are not exacerbated by SO when compared to obesity without sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Factors associated with protein consumption in elderly

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália GASPARETO ◽  
Ágatha Nogueira PREVIDELLI ◽  
Rita de Cássia de AQUINO
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Calf Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protein Consumption ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Consumption Data

ABSTRACT Objective We evaluated factors associated with protein consumption by the elderly. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study in a sample of 295 elderly consumers of health facilities in São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil. Protein consumption data (g and g/kg) were obtained through 24-hour dietary recalls, which was reapplied in a 30% sub-sample to estimate habitual consumption, with an interval of two weeks. The association between protein consumption and sociodemographic, economic, health, and dietary variables was tested using multiple linear regression. Results There was a positive association between protein consumption (g and g/kg) and better Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised, between protein consumption (g) and male sex, and a negative association between protein consumption (g/kg) and greater calf circumference. Higher average protein consumption (g or g/kg) was observed among married elderly, individuals with higher income and schooling, who were economically active, eutrophic, without dyslipidemia and symptoms of dysphagia, who consumed three main meals and an intermediate snack. Conclusion The results showed that protein consumption was associated with diet quality, sex, and calf circumference. The identification of elderly groups prone to protein inadequacy may direct individual and collective interventions to prevent muscle mass reduction and its implications, such as sarcopenia and other adverse outcomes.

scholarly journals Serum concentrations of oxytocin, DHEA and follistatin are associated with osteoporosis or sarcopenia in community-dwelling postmenopausal women

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanping Du ◽  
Cuidi Xu ◽  
Hongli Shi ◽  
Xin Jiang ◽  
Wenjing Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Function ◽  
Healthy Community

Abstract Background Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are major health issues in postmenopausal women due to their high prevalence and association with several adverse outcomes. However, no biomarkers may be used for screening and diagnosis. The current study investigated potential biomarkers for osteoporosis and/or sarcopenia in postmenopausal women. Methods A cross-sectional study on 478 healthy community-dwelling postmenopausal women aged 50–90 years was performed. Osteoporosis and sarcopenia were defined according to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). Results Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) was related to muscle strength (β = 0.19, p = 0.041) and function (β = 0.58, p = 0.004). Follistatin (β = − 0.27, p = 0.01) was related to muscle mass. Oxytocin (β = 0.59, p = 0.044) and DHEA (β = 0.51, p = 0.017) were related to bone mass. After adjusting for age, oxytocin (odds ratio (OR) 0.75; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.63–0.98; p = 0.019) was associated with osteoporosis, and DHEA (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.51–0.96; p = 0.032) and follistatin (OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.19–3.57; p = 0.022) were associated with sarcopenia. Conclusions Postmenopausal women with sarcopenia were more likely to have lower DHEA levels and higher follistatin levels, and postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were more likely to have lower oxytocin levels.

scholarly journals FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DURATION OF NAPS AMONG COMMUNITY-DWELLING ELDERLY: DATA FROM THE MULTICENTER STUDY FIBRA

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariene Angelini dos Santos-Orlandi ◽  
Maria Filomena Ceolim ◽  
Sofia Cristina Iost Pavarini ◽  
Simone Camargo de Oliveira-Rossignolo ◽  
Aline Maino Pergola-Marconato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Frailty Criterion ◽  
State Examination

This study aimed to analyze the association between the duration of the nap and the variables gender, age, education, family income, frailty levels and frailty criteria of community-dwelling elderly. This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study, an excerpt from the multicenter project Frailty in Elderly Brazilians. A total of 3,075 older adults were evaluated, aged 65 and over, using a sociodemographic questionnaire, question about nap (Minnesota Leisure Activity Questionnaire), phenotype of frailty proposed by Fried and screening test for cognitive impairment (Mini Mental State Examination). Descriptive analysis, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests (p<0.05) and multiple linear regression were applied. Ethical principles were respected. Most of the elderly participants napped (61.7%), with an average of 53.4±42.7 min/day. There was an association between duration of naps and variables gender (p=0.002), frailty (p=0.022) and frailty criterion "hand grip strength" (p=0.008). It was observed that the length of the naps is greater for male and frail elderly.

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