scholarly journals Ecological determinants of effect of a free pit and fissure sealant program in Shanxi, China, 2017–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Wang ◽  
Wenjuan Ren ◽  
Yufang Li ◽  
Bin Zhao ◽  
Tingting Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
North China ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Medical Resources ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background The aim of this study is to explore the spatial heterogeneity of the retention of PFS in children aged 7–9 years in Shanxi Province, North China and investigate the risk factors associated with PFS retention. Methods In this study, 937 children aged 7–9 years from Shanxi Province, China were randomly selected, all of whom had at least one first permanent tooth sealed with PFS in 2016. The children were surveyed after 12 months (in 2017) and 24 months (in 2018). The Geo-detector model was used to explore the spatial heterogeneity of the retention rate of PFS and analyze the influence and interactions of the ecological factors on PFS. Results 3299 teeth from 937 children were analyzed. The PFS full retention rates after 12 months (in 2017) and 24 months (in 2018) were 81.6% and 75.1%, respectively. The incidence of caries of the first molar was 2.1% after 12 months and 5.4% after 24 months. The spatial heterogeneity of the PFS retention rate after 24 months was significant, which was shown as the retention rate of PFS increased from north to south after 24 months. Remarkably, the natural environmental factors exerted greater influence than the socioeconomic and medical resources factors after 12 months, where the interaction of fluorine in water (FW) had the strongest explanatory power of 52% (P < 0.05). The medical resources were important ecological factors after 24 months, and the percentage of medical technicians (PMT) had the strongest explanatory power of 70% (P < 0.05). Conclusion The natural environmental factors and medical resources factors are important ecological factors determining the spatial pattern. The government should strengthen medical and technician construction in North China, comprehensively control fluoride in water, optimize the allocation of medical resources, and promote the balanced development of regional medicine.

Environmental factors related to biogeographical transition zones of areas of endemism of Neotropical mammals

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elkin Alexi Noguera-Urbano ◽  
Ignacio Ferro
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Areas Of Endemism ◽  
Level Transition

Biogeographical transition zones are areas of a complex biotic mixture located at the borders between biogeographical units. Climatic, physical and ecological factors should play an important role in allowing coexistence of different biotic elements in the transition zone. Here, we explore the relationship between environmental factors and biogeographical transition zones, defined by Neotropical mammal distributions, by a model selection approach based on the Akaike information criterion and accounting for the spatial structure in the data. We detected three areas of high overlap between mammalian areas of endemism. Two of them corresponded to the well-established regional-level transition zones, namely Mexican (MTZ) and South American (SATZ) transition zones; the third was one located in south-eastern Brazil, approximately between the Paraná and Chacoan dominion that we call The Atlantic Forest integration zone (AF). Only one explicative variable was shared by the three transitions zones (precipitation of the warmest quarter). However, shared variables with great explanatory power indicated two environmental aspects as facilitators for the coexistence of different biotic components in a given geographical area. The first one was the heterogeneity component, either topographic for the SATZ and MTZ or climatic for the AF. The second one was related non-extreme thermal conditions: precipitation of the warmest quarter, interpreted as a thermal buffer, shared by AF and SATZ, and isothermality shared by MTZ and SATZ.

Buying Behavior of Organizations for Software Products: Influence of Environmental Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (10) ◽  
pp. 252-271
Author(s):  
Md. Hashmathur Rehman ◽  
Dr. M. Rajkumar
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Governing Board ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Environmental Situation ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
Innovation Dynamics ◽  
The Government

The environmental situation for an organization is the environment in which an organization operates.It consists of multiple stakeholders such as governing board members, business competitors, suppliers,customers, the government, etc. They can influence the organization’s decision to adopt an innovation. The influence can ease the organization in adopting the innovation or it can block or affect negatively the organization’s decision to adopt the innovation. Dynamics of the market in which the organization operatesand business competitors will also influence the organization’s decision to adopt innovations.  Customers, Suppliers are sources who will exercise their powers and influence the organization’s decision. Governmentregulation is also equally important and will influence the organization’s decision to adopt innovation. In a nutshell, the environment will influence the organization’s decision to adopt innovations for its business operations.

A Systematic Review on Extracellular Vesicles-Enriched Fat Grafting: A Shifting Paradigm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ghiasloo ◽  
Laura De Wilde ◽  
Kashika Singh ◽  
Patrick Tonnard ◽  
Alexis Verpaele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Graft Survival ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Fat Grafting ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Fat Graft ◽  
Cochrane Central Register

Abstract Background Recent evidence confirms that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) facilitate angiogenesis mainly through paracrine function. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are regarded as key components of the cell secretome, possessing functional properties of their source cells. Subsequently, MSC-EVs have emerged as a novel cell-free approach to improve fat graft retention rate. Objectives To provide a systematic review of all studies reporting the use of MSC-EVs to improve graft retention rate. Methods A systematic search was undertaken using the Embase, PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. Outcome measures included donor/receptor organism of the fat graft, study model, intervention groups, evaluation intervals, EV research data, in vitro and in vivo results. Results Of the total 1717 articles, 62 full-texts were screened. Seven studies reporting on 294mice were included. Overall, EV treated groups showed higher graft retention rates compared to untreated groups. Notably, retention rate was similar following EV- and MSC-treatment. In addition to reduced inflammation, graft enrichment with EVs resulted in early revascularization and better graft integrity. Interestingly, hypoxic preconditioning of MSCs improved their beneficial paracrine effects and led to a more proangiogenic EV population, as observed by both in vitro and in vivo results. Conclusions MSC-EVs appear to offer an interesting cell-free alternative to improve fat graft survival. While their clinical relevance remains to be determined, it is clear that not the cells, but their secretome is essential for graft survival. Thus, a paradigm shift from cell-assisted lipotransfer towards ‘secretome-assisted lipotransfer’ is well on its way.

Association of exposure to ambient air pollution with ovarian reserve among women in Shanxi province of north China

2021 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 116868
Author(s):  
Xiaoqin Feng ◽  
Jinhong Luo ◽  
Xiaocheng Wang ◽  
Wolong Xie ◽  
Jiao Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
North China ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Shanxi Province

scholarly journals Multimorbidity patterns in old adults and their associated multi-layered factors: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Lu ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Lihong Hou ◽  
Zhenxing Zuo ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Old Adults

Abstract Background Influenced by various factors such as socio-demographic characteristics, behavioral lifestyles and socio-cultural environment, the multimorbidity patterns in old adults remain complex. This study aims to identify their characteristics and associated multi-layered factors based on health ecological model. Methods In 2019, we surveyed a total of 7480 participants aged 60+ by using a multi-stage random cluster sampling method in Shanxi province, China. Latent class analysis was used to discriminate the multimorbidity patterns in old adults, and hierarchical regression was performed to determine the multi-layered factors associated with their various multimorbidity patterns. Results The prevalence of multimorbidity was 34.70% among the old patients with chronic disease. Over half (60.59%) of the patients with multimorbidity had two co-existing chronic diseases. “Degenerative/digestive diseases”, “metabolic diseases” and “cardiovascular diseases” were three specific multimorbidity patterns. Behavioral lifestyles-layered factors had the most explanatory power for the three patterns, whose proportions of explanatory power were 54.00, 43.90 and 48.15% individually. But the contributions of other multi-layered factors were different in different patterns; balanced diet, medication adherence, the size of family and friendship network, and different types of basic medical insurance might have the opposite effect on the three multimorbidity patterns (p < 0.05). Conclusions In management of old patients with multimorbidity, we should prioritize both the “lifestyle change”-centered systematic management strategy and group-customized intervention programs.

scholarly journals Groundwater Quality and Potential Human Health Risk Assessment for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes: A Case Study in the Semiarid Region of North China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 783
Author(s):  
Feifei Chen ◽  
Leihua Yao ◽  
Gang Mei ◽  
Yinsheng Shang ◽  
Fansheng Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
North China ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Hydrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Human Health Risks ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation ◽  
Hydrochemical Types ◽  
Potential Human Health

Groundwater is a valuable water source for drinking and irrigation purposes in semiarid regions. Groundwater pollution may affect human health if it is not pretreated and provided for human use. This study investigated the hydrochemical characteristics driving groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes and potential human health risks in the Xinzhou Basin, Shanxi Province, North China. More specifically, we first investigated hydrochemical characteristics using a descriptive statistical analysis method. We then classified the hydrochemical types and analyzed the evolution mechanisms of groundwater using Piper and Gibbs diagrams. Finally, we appraised the groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes using the entropy water quality index (EWQI). We assessed the associated human health risks for different age and sex groups through drinking intake and dermal contact pathways. Overall, we found that (1) Ca-HCO3 and Ca·Mg-HCO3 were the dominant hydrochemical types and were mainly governed by rock weathering and water–rock interactions. (2) Based on the EWQI classifications, 67.74% of the groundwater samples were classified as medium quality and acceptable for drinking purpose. According to the values of sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC) and soluble sodium percentage (%Na), 90.32% of the samples were suitable for irrigation, while the remaining samples were unfit for irrigation because of the high salinity in the groundwater. (3) Some contaminants in the groundwater, such as NO3−, NO2− and F−, exceeded the standard limits and may cause potential risks to human health. Our work presented in this paper could establish reasonable management strategies for sustainable groundwater quality protection to protect public health.

scholarly journals Near-falls in Singapore community-dwelling older adults: a feasibility study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn Leng-Hsien Soh ◽  
Chee-Wee Tan ◽  
Judith Lane ◽  
Ting-Ting Yeh ◽  
Benjamin Soon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Balance Recovery ◽  
Recruitment And Retention ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Near Falls ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background A near-fall is defined as a loss of balance that would result in a fall if sufficient balance recovery manoeuvres are not executed. Compared to falls, near-falls and its associated balance recovery manoeuvres have been understudied. Older adults may not recognise a near-fall or identify the use of their balance recovery manoeuvres to prevent a fall. The consensus on the methods to collect near-fall data is lacking. The primary objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of recruitment and retention. Secondary objectives were to establish evidence that Singapore community-dwelling older adults can identify near-falls and associated balance recovery manoeuvres. Texting and calling methods were explored as reporting methods. Methods This study took place in Singapore (September to October 2019). Participants were healthy, community-dwelling adults aged 65 or older. Recruitment was done through poster advertisement, and all participants gave informed consent. Participants attended a briefing session and reported their near-fall or fall incidence over 21 days using either daily texting or calling. The primary outcome measures were the recruitment rate, retention rate, preferred modes for data reporting and ability to report near-falls or falls. Secondary outcomes included the self-reported incidence of falls and near-falls. Results Thirty older adults were recruited in 5 weeks. All participants completed the study. They understood near-fall concepts and were able to report the occurrence and relevant balance recovery manoeuvres used to prevent a fall. 87% (26/30) chose to text while 13% (4/30) selected calling as their reporting method. One actual fall (0.16%) out of 630 responses was reported. Thirty-six incidents (5.7%) of near-falls were recorded. Sixteen participants (53.3%) experienced near-falls and half of this group experienced two or more near-falls. The use of reach-to-grasp strategy (36%), compensatory stepping (52.8%), and other body regions (11.2%) were used to prevent the fall. Conclusions The study provided evidence that studying near-falls in Singapore community-dwelling older adults is feasible and can be applied to a large-scale study. Recruitment and retention rates were good. Older adults were able to identify near-falls and balance recovery manoeuvres. Both texting and calling were feasible reporting methods, but texting was preferred. Trial registration ClinicalTrials identifier: NCT04087551. Registered on September 12, 2019

scholarly journals Turnover Intention Among Direct Care Workers of Older Adults in Chinese Hospitals and Nursing Homes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 86-86
Author(s):  
Zhenzhen Zhang ◽  
Shuangshuang Wang ◽  
Nengliang (Aaron) Yao ◽  
Zhang Zhenzhen
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Aged Care ◽  
Identity Transformation ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Direct Care Workers ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Government

Abstract High retention rates among direct care workers (DCWs) affect the quality of aged care. However, limited research has explored factors associated with retention in the Chinese aged care industry. This study compared turnover intention and job satisfaction among DCWs in Chinese hospitals and nursing homes. A total 370 DCWs from 7 hospitals (297 contractual, 73 non-contractual) and 311 DCWs from 7 nursing homes (27 contractual, 284 non-contractual) located in Fujian, China were recruited to fill out a questionnaire. Overall, DCWs from hospitals reported lower turnover intention (20.5 % vs 37.0%) and higher levels of job satisfaction (31.1% vs 16.4%) than DCWs from nursing homes. Specifically, contractual DCWs from hospitals indicated lower turnover intention (14.8%) than non-contractual DCWs from hospitals (43.8%) and both types of DCWs from nursing homes (36.3% and 44.4%). Higher job satisfaction was associated with lower turnover intention, but did not mediate the association between DCW types and turnover intention. Findings suggested that the government and institutions should help DCWs complete the identity transformation from non-contractual DCWs to contractual DCWs to enhance job security and benefits. For nursing home DCWs, licensing and registration requirements shall meet the standards for hospital DCWs. Attention is also to be paid to working conditions and staff welfare of DCWs, including social insurance, pensions, and trainings, to improve job satisfaction and reduce turnover intention.

Morphological and molecular characteristics of Bastiania sinensis sp. n., Tripyla aquatica Brzeski & Winiszewska-Ślipińska, 1993 and T. setifera Bütschli, 1873 (Nematoda: Triplonchida) from Shanxi Province, North China

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Mei Na Liu ◽  
Yu Mei Xu ◽  
Zeng Qi Zhao ◽  
Jian Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Using Data ◽  
First Time ◽  
Respective Species

Summary This paper describes a new species of Bastiania, presents a new record and redescribes a known species of Tripyla. These nematodes are all in the order Triplonchida and were collected from Shanxi Province, North China. Bastiania sinensis sp. n. is characterised by having the female with a relatively slender body 1049-1295 μm long, dorsally arcuate after heat relaxation, with outer labial setae and cephalic setae in a single circle, an oval amphid, 7-8 laterodorsal cervical setae scattered in the pharyngeal region, orthometamenes and pseudocoelomocytes present, tail conoid with a mucron 1-2 μm long, two pairs of caudal setae present, a = 58.1-75.5, b = 4.0-4.6, c = 12.7-19.7, c′ = 4.1-7.8 and V = 61.1-67.7. Males were not found. Tripyla aquatica is recorded for the first time from China, and is redescribed. Tripyla setifera has been reported from China but without a detailed description – now provided. In addition, phylogenetic relationships among the species were analysed using data from the near full length small subunit (SSU) and D2-D3 segments of large subunit (LSU) of rRNA genes. Bastiania sinensis sp. n. is monophyletic with the Bastiania sequences available in GenBank, but is on an independent branch supporting its status as a separate species; T. aquatica and T. setifera are monophyletically clustered with known Tripyla species and grouped together with sequences from their respective species.

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