scholarly journals The influence of dietary supplementation with the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on the chemotaxis, phagocytosis and respiratory burst of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes in calves

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Wójcik ◽  
Joanna Małaczewska ◽  
Grzegorz Zwierzchowski ◽  
Jan Miciński ◽  
Edyta Kaczorek-Łukowska
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Leucine Metabolite

scholarly journals The influence of dietary supplementation with the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on chemotaxis, phagocytosis and respiratory burst of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes in calves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Wójcik ◽  
Joanna Małaczewska ◽  
Grzegorz Zwierzchowski ◽  
Jan Miciński ◽  
Edyta Kaczorek-Łukowska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Chemotactic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
Leucine Metabolite

Abstract Background A healthy immune system plays a particularly important role in newborns, including in calves that are far more susceptible to infections (viral, bacterial and other) than adult individuals. Therefore the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of HMB on the chemotactic activity (MIGRATEST® kit), phagocytic activity (PHAGOTEST® kit) and respiratory burst (BURSTTEST® kit) of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes in calves by flow cytometry. Results An analysis of granulocyte and monocyte chemotactic activity and phagocytic activity revealed significantly higher levels of phagocytic activity in calves administered HMB than in the control group, expressed in terms of the percentage of phagocytising cells and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). HMB also had a positive effect on the oxidative metabolism of both granulocytes and monocytes after stimulation with Escherichia coli bacteria and with PMA (4-phorbol-12-β-myristate-13-acetate), expressed in terms of the percentage of oxidative metabolism and MFI. Conclusion HMB stimulates non-specific cell-mediated immunity, which is a very important consideration in newborn calves that are exposed to adverse environmental factors in the first weeks of their life. The supplementation of animal diets with HMB for both preventive and therapeutic purposes can also reduce the use of antibiotics in animal production.

scholarly journals Phagocytic activity of blood monocytes in response to methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-557
Author(s):  
O. A. Kolenchukova ◽  
N. I. Sarmatova ◽  
A. V. Moshev
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Monocyte Subsets ◽  
Superoxide Anion Production ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Burst Intensity

Current study performed to estimate the phagocytic activity of blood monocytes of varying phenotypes exposed to MRSA and MSSA strains.  Objects: Blood monocytes were collected from 25 healthy adults (age: 25–45 years). Live suspensions of MRSA/MSSA strains were used at concentration of 106 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL.  Metods. Phagocytic functions were estimated by using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled MRSA and MSSA strains followed by running flow cytometry on FC 500 series flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, USA). Whole peripheral blood cells were directly labelled with immunofluorescently tagged monoclonal CD14-PE/CD45-ECD/HLA-DR-PC5/CD16-PC7 antibodies (Beckman Coulter, USA). Respiratory burst intensity was evaluated in monocytes by measuring activity of lucigeninand luminol-dependent spontaneous and induced chemiluminescence. Monocytes were induced by using live suspension of MRSA/MSSA strains at a concentration of 106 CFU/mL. Results and discussion. While studying luminol-dependent monocyte activities after exposure to MRSA vs. MSSA, it was observed a 3.5-fold decreased curve square, whereas lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence was increased by 6-fold. Compared to MSSA exposure, index of activation (IA) was decreased by 1.1-fold in response to MRSA exposure that was confirmed by lowered release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from monocytes in response to MRSA exposure. Moreover, IRSS increased by 1.3-fold upon MRSA exposure. Examining monocyte oxygen-independent phagocytosis against MRSA vs. MSSA revealed significantly increased phagocytic number and concomitantly decreased phagocytic index. An evaluation of the activities of various monocyte subsets in response to MRSA vs. MSSA revealed increased phagocytic index by 1.5-fold for CD14lowCD16+ and CD14+CD16+ monocyte subsets as well as 3-fold for CD14+CD16– monocytes. Counts for all phagocytic subsets were decreased (1.4-, 1.5- and 4-fold for CD14lowCD16+, CD14+CD16+ and CD14+CD16– monocytes, respectively). To summarize, intensity of the respiratory burst was lowered upon MRSA exposure and percentage of monocyte subsets. Overall deficiency of superoxide anion production was observed in response to MRSA. In contrast, oxygen-independent event revealed phenotypic changes in frequency of peripheral blood monocytes upon MRSA exposure. We observed that CD14+CD16– classical monocytes were more rapidly activated. Conclusion. Thus, we concluded that CD14+CD16– monocytes became more rapidly activated but exhibited less effective phagocytosis, whereas CD14+CD16+ and CD14lowCD16+ monocytes were more slowly activated and demonstrated stronger phagocytic activity.

scholarly journals The influence of dietary supplementation with the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on chemotaxis, phagocytosis and respiratory burst of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes in calves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Wójcik ◽  
Joanna Małaczewska ◽  
Grzegorz Zwierzchowski ◽  
Jan Miciński ◽  
Edyta Kaczorek-Łukowska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Chemotactic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Group I ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of HMB on the chemotactic activity, phagocytic activity and respiratory burst of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes in calves. Method The experiment was performed on 14 calves aged 30±2 days, divided into two equal groups of control (group I) and experimental (group II) animals. The feed administered to experimental group calves was supplemented with HMB (Metabolic Technologies Inc. Ames, IA, USA) at 40 mg/kg BW, whereas control calves were administered standard farm-made feed without supplementation. Blood was sampled from the jugular vein immediately before the experiment (day 0) and on experimental days 15, 30 and 60 to determine: chemotactic activity (MIGRATEST® kit), phagocytic activity (PHAGOTEST® kit) and respiratory burst (BURSTTEST® kit) of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes by flow cytometry. Results An analysis of granulocyte and monocyte chemotactic activity and phagocytic activity revealed significantly higher levels of phagocytic activity in calves administered HMB than in the control group, expressed in terms of the percentage of phagocytising cells and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). HMB also had a positive effect on the oxidative metabolism of both granulocytes and monocytes after stimulation with Escherichia coli bacteria and with PMA (4-phorbol-12-β-myristate-13-acetate), expressed in terms of the percentage of oxidative metabolism and MFI. Conclusion HMB stimulates non-specific cell-mediated immunity, which is a very important consideration in newborn calves that are exposed to adverse environmental factors in the first weeks of their life. The supplementation of animal diets with HMB for both preventive and therapeutic purposes can also reduce the use of antibiotics in animal production.

scholarly journals The influence of dietary supplementation with the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on the chemotaxis, phagocytosis and respiratory burst of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes in calves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Wójcik ◽  
Joanna Małaczewska ◽  
Grzegorz Zwierzchowski ◽  
Jan Miciński ◽  
Edyta Kaczorek-Łukowska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Chemotactic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Leucine Metabolite ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Background A healthy immune system plays a particularly important role in newborns, including in calves that are far more susceptible to infections (viral, bacterial and other) than adult individuals. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of HMB on the chemotactic activity (MIGRATEST® kit), phagocytic activity (PHAGOTEST® kit) and oxidative burst (BURSTTEST® kit) of monocytes and granulocytes in the peripheral blood of calves by flow cytometry.Results An analysis of granulocyte and monocyte chemotactic activity and phagocytic activity revealed significantly higher levels of phagocytic activity in calves administered HMB than in the control group, expressed in terms of the percentage of phagocytising cells and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). HMB also had a positive effect on the oxidative metabolism of monocytes and granulocytes stimulated with PMA (4-phorbol-12-β-myristate-13-acetate) and Escherichia coli bacteria, expressed as MFI values and the percentage of oxidative metabolism.Conclusion HMB stimulates non-specific cell-mediated immunity, which is a very important consideration in newborn calves that are exposed to adverse environmental factors in the first weeks of their life. The supplementation of animal diets with HMB for both preventive and therapeutic purposes can also reduce the use of antibiotics in animal production.

scholarly journals The influence of dietary supplementation with the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on the chemotaxis, phagocytosis and respiratory burst of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes in calves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Wójcik ◽  
Joanna Małaczewska ◽  
Grzegorz Zwierzchowski ◽  
Jan Miciński ◽  
Edyta Kaczorek-Łukowska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Chemotactic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
Leucine Metabolite

Abstract Background A healthy immune system plays a particularly important role in newborns, including in calves that are far more susceptible to infections (viral, bacterial and other) than adult individuals. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of HMB on the chemotactic activity (MIGRATEST® kit), phagocytic activity (PHAGOTEST® kit) and oxidative burst (BURSTTEST® kit) of monocytes and granulocytes in the peripheral blood of calves by flow cytometry. Results An analysis of granulocyte and monocyte chemotactic activity and phagocytic activity revealed significantly higher levels of phagocytic activity in calves administered HMB than in the control group, expressed in terms of the percentage of phagocytising cells and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). HMB also had a positive effect on the oxidative metabolism of monocytes and granulocytes stimulated with PMA (4-phorbol-12-β-myristate-13-acetate) and Escherichia coli bacteria, expressed as MFI values and the percentage of oxidative metabolism. Conclusion HMB stimulates non-specific cell-mediated immunity, which is a very important consideration in newborn calves that are exposed to adverse environmental factors in the first weeks of their life. The supplementation of animal diets with HMB for both preventive and therapeutic purposes can also reduce the use of antibiotics in animal production.

Respiratory burst in alveolar macrophages of diabetic rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 2384-2390 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mohsenin ◽  
J. Latifpour
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cytochrome C Reduction ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
O2 Production

Bactericidal ability of alveolar macrophages is depressed in rats with diabetes mellitus. To define the mechanism of this abnormality, we measured the parameters of respiratory burst in alveolar macrophages, peripheral blood monocytes, and neutrophils of rats 8 wk after the induction of diabetes by streptozocin. Superoxide anion (O2-.) generation during basal conditions and after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was measured as superoxide dismutase-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction. NADPH, the principal substrate for NADPH-oxidase-dependent O2-. generation, was measured in the alveolar macrophages and quick-frozen lungs by the enzyme-cycling method. O2-. generation after PMA was significantly lower in the alveolar macrophages of diabetics than in the controls (14.4 +/- 2.0 nmol.10(6) cells-1.20 min-1 vs. 26.2 +/- 1.9, P less than 0.05). Conversely the peripheral blood monocytes of diabetics demonstrated an enhanced O2-. production after PMA stimulation. There was no significant difference in the neutrophil O2-.-generation between the groups. The alveolar macrophage NADPH (control 0.44 +/- 0.15 nmol/10(6) cells vs. diabetic 0.21 +/- 0.04, P less than 0.05) and lung tissue NADPH levels (control 81.4 +/- 16.3 nmol/g dry wt vs. diabetic 35.8 +/- 20.5, P less than 0.05) were significantly lower in the diabetics than in the controls. These data indicate that the O2-.-generating capacity of alveolar macrophages is markedly depressed in diabetes, whereas their precursors, monocytes, are primed to generate O2-. with PMA stimulation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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