scholarly journals Effect of comorbidities and risk conditions on death from COVID-19 in migrants in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar A. Martínez-Martínez ◽  
Karla A. Valenzuela-Moreno ◽  
Brenda Coutiño
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Public Database ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
The Public ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Probability Of Death ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance System

Abstract Background Comorbidities increase the risk of death for patients with COVID-19, however, little is known about how it affects the prognosis of migrants who contract the virus. Therefore, this article aims to determine which comorbidities and risk conditions are associated with the probability of death among migrants infected with COVID-19 in Mexico. Methods We use a sample of migrants with a positive diagnosis for COVID-19 (N = 2126) registered in the public database published in the National Epidemiological Surveillance System of the Mexican Ministry of Health; the technique used was a Probit regression. Results The findings show that most of the comorbidities commonly associated with death from COVID-19 in the native-born population were actually not significant when present in migrants infected with COVID-19. Additionally, migrants have lower comorbidities than locals. The results further indicate that the factors related to the death of migrants infected with COVID-19 are: age, intubation, nationality group, pneumonia and the Health Care Management of Patients. Conclusions In contrast to preceding studies with native-born populations with COVID-19, where pre-existing diseases aggravated the diagnosis of COVID-19 and sometimes led to death, in the case of migrants, only pneumonia was the significant comorbidity associated with mortality among migrants diagnosed with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Effect of Health Comorbidities on Death from COVID-19 in Immigrants in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar A. Martínez-Martínez ◽  
Karla A. Valenzuela-Moreno ◽  
Brenda Coutiño
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Healthy Immigrant Effect ◽  
The Public ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Probability Of Death ◽  
Immigrant Effect ◽  
The Right ◽  
In Transit

Abstract BackgroundComorbidities increase the risk of death for patients with COVID-19, however, little is known about how comorbidities affect immigrants, as well as their prognosis in the case of contracting the virus. Therefore, this article aims to determine which comorbidities are associated with the probability of death among immigrants in Mexico. Methods We use a sample of migrants (N = 3,567) registered in the public database published in the National Epidemiological Surveillance System of the Mexican Ministry of Health; the technique used was a Probit regression. Results The results show that comorbidities commonly associated with death from COVID-19, are not significant when present in immigrants, also, migrants have fewer comorbidities than the native born. These findings could be explained by the Healthy Immigrant Effect, which states that migration is a self-selection process, in which those who migrate are the healthiest. However, the cases of migrants who have died from COVID-19 are related to the time they have taken to go to hospitals and to problems of access to health care.ConclusionsThe immigrant populations (especially those in transit and refugees) do pose certain challenges to public policies in the countries of destination, so specific measures need to be taken in order to protect immigrant communities from the spread of the virus. It is important to improve the conditions during the migratory journey, avoiding overcrowding, as well as testing in various places (shelters, immigration controls, among others) in order to determine the levels of positivity in this group. ​However, the detection of more cases of COVID-19 among immigrants, should not equal to the denial for entry. Formal mechanisms should be put into place to guarantee the right to asylum and non-refoulement, even for migrants who test positive for the virus.

scholarly journals Natural infection of triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) by trypanosomatids in two different environments in the municipality of Ouro Preto do Oeste, State of Rondônia, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dionatas Ulisses de Oliveira Meneguetti ◽  
Olzeno Trevisan ◽  
Luís Marcelo Aranha Camargo ◽  
Renato Moreira Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
The State ◽  
High Index ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Digestive Tube ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance System

INTRODUCTION: This study analyzed the occurrence and the contamination of triatomines by trypanosomatids in Orbignya speciosa (babassu) specimens in the State of Rondônia, Brazil, in two different environments (pasture and woods). METHODS: Capture of triatomines on babassus and microscopic search for trypanosomatids in their digestive tube were carried out. RESULTS: Four hundred ninety-four (494) specimens were captured (Rhodnius prolixus and R.robustus), of which 35.6% of the triatomines were positive for trypanosomatids. CONCLUSIONS: The high index of natural infection along with the abundance of triatomines points out to the necessity to create an epidemiological surveillance system to monitor vector-borne transmission and deepen the studies on the ecology of such vectors in the Amazon.

Homicide Epidemic in Cali, Colombia: A Surveillance System Data Analysis, 1993‒2018

2021 ◽  
pp. e1-e8
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Guerrero-Velasco ◽  
Víctor Hugo Muñoz ◽  
Alberto Concha-Eastman ◽  
Álvaro J. Pretel-Meneses ◽  
Maria I. Gutiérrez-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Homicide Rates ◽  
System Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance System

Objectives. To examine homicide rates in Cali, Colombia, during the 1993–2018 period, using information derived from an interagency surveillance system. Methods. We used homicide data from Cali’s Epidemiological Surveillance System to examine homicide trends by victim’s age and sex, time, and type of method used. We estimated trend changes and the annual percentage changes using joinpoint regression analyses. Results. Homicide rates per 100 000 inhabitants dropped from 102 in 1993 to 47.8 in 2018. We observed reductions in homicide rates across age and sex groups. Most homicide victims were men aged 20 to 39 years from poor, marginalized areas. Firearms were used in 84.9% of all cases. The average annual percentage change for the entire period was −3.6 (95% confidence interval = −6.7, −0.4). Conclusions. Fluctuations in homicide rates in Cali show a clear epidemic pattern, occurring concurrently with the “crack epidemic” in different countries. Reliable and timely information provided by an Epidemiological Surveillance System allowed opportune formulation of public policies to reduce the impact of violence in Cali. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print June 10, 2021: e1–e8. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306254 )

scholarly journals Profiling Cases With Nonrespiratory Symptoms and Asymptomatic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections in Mexico City

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Yaxmehen Bello-Chavolla ◽  
Neftali Eduardo Antonio-Villa ◽  
Arsenio Vargas-Vázquez ◽  
Carlos A Fermín-Martínez ◽  
Alejandro Márquez-Salinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Symptom Development ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance System

Abstract We profiled cases with nonrespiratory symptoms (NRS) and asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections assessed within Mexico City’s Epidemiological Surveillance System. Initially asymptomatic or NRS cases have decreased risk of adverse outcomes compared with cases with respiratory symptoms. Comorbidity and age influence symptom development in initially asymptomatic cases.

Development of a web-based epidemiological surveillance system with health system response for improving maternal and newborn health: Field-testing in Thailand

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tippawan Liabsuetrakul ◽  
Tagoon Prappre ◽  
Pakamas Pairot ◽  
Nurlisa Oumudee ◽  
Monir Islam
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Newborn Health ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Maternal And Newborn Health ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Automatic Data ◽  
Automatic Data Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance System ◽  
Maternal And Newborn

Surveillance systems are yet to be integrated with health information systems for improving the health of pregnant mothers and their newborns, particularly in developing countries. This study aimed to develop a web-based epidemiological surveillance system for maternal and newborn health with integration of action-oriented responses and automatic data analysis with results presentations and to assess the system acceptance by nurses and doctors involved in various hospitals in southern Thailand. Freeware software and scripting languages were used. The system can be run on different platforms, and it is accessible via various electronic devices. Automatic data analysis with results presentations in the forms of graphs, tables and maps was part of the system. A multi-level security system was incorporated into the program. Most doctors and nurses involved in the study felt the system was easy to use and useful. This system can be integrated into country routine reporting system for monitoring maternal and newborn health and survival.

scholarly journals Editorial

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 498
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Models Of Care ◽  
Care Model ◽  
The Public ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
Care Models ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Regular Section ◽  
Health Review

THIS IS THE FOURTH ISSUE of Australian Health Review which has featured a ?Models of Care? section; now a regular section of the Journal. As 2007 draws to a close, the breadth of formalised care models (such as self-care management, case management and disease management) being implemented in the Australian health care system continues to be publicised. The number of Australian studies which evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of care model interventions is increasing. Being the optimist, I predict that the rate of publication of these studies will also increase. This is fundamental because the value of any intervention needs carefully constructed evaluation that enables results to be debated by experts in the public domain.

scholarly journals Rabies in herbivores in the state of Piauí during 2007 to 2011

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Ana Virginia Piauilino SANTOS ◽  
Mikaela Lopes de CALDAS ◽  
Manoel Henrique KLEIN JUNIOR ◽  
Airton Leôncio Dutra da SILVA ◽  
Francisco Das Chagas CARDOSO FILHO
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Viral Encephalitis ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
The State ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Laboratory Result ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance System

Rabies is an acute contagious infectious disease, mainly characterized by nervous symptoms that can affect all mammals. It is characterized by sometimes signs of aggression, and others by paresis, paralysis and acute viral encephalitis. This study aimed to describe, by using the basis of the data recorded in the Continental Epidemiological Surveillance System , SivCont, the epidemiological profile of rabies of herbivores in Piauí in 2007 to 2011. Durante the period there were reported 66 cases of nervous syndromes in the state of Piaui, where 35 cases were confirmed positive laboratory result for rabies in herbivores, and of this total, 94%were in cattle. Also noted is that there are areas in the state of Piaui without nerve syndromes notifications, showing the complete "epidemiological silence", suggesting situations of underreporting, even when in the vicinity there have been outbreaks of disease. Situations like this suggests the necessity of an increase in animal health protection actions, actions in health education, covering all segments of the community and intensifying surveillance activities.

scholarly journals Epidemic Manifestations of Tuberculosis in Regions of Siberia with Various Prevalence of HIV Infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Pasechnik ◽  
V. L. Stasenko ◽  
A. I. Bloh
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance System

On the territory of the Siberian Federal District 2005 - 2014 period was characterized by a moderate tendency to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis and marked increase in the incidence of HIV infection. The subjects of the Siberian Federal District, the prevalence of HIV infection in which exceeded the level of 705.0 per 100 thousand people, had significant differences in the incidence rates of tuberculosis (115.4), the prevalence of tuberculosis (278.6 per 100 thousand), disability (73.3 per 100 thousand) and deaths from TB infection (25.5 per 100 thousand). The unfavorable short-term outlook for the morbidity of HIV-associated tuberculosis requires a change in approaches to epidemiological surveillance system for HIV and TB.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic profile and distribution of Spotted Fever cases per brazilian region between the years 2008 and 2017

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e27011124843
Author(s):  
Juliana Hiromi Emin Uesugi ◽  
Caroline Ferreira Fernandes ◽  
Jonatan Carlos Cardoso da Silva ◽  
Hadassa Hanna Soares Martins ◽  
Eliane Leite da Trindade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Public Database ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Group Evolution ◽  
Sociodemographic Profile

This study aims to identify the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of Spotted Fever in Brazil between 2008 and 2017. A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach that used as a source of data the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) available in the public database of the Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), adopting the following variables within the pre-established period: Region of Notification, Sex, Age Group, Evolution, Infection Zone, Schooling, Environment of Infection, and Confirmation Criteria. Spotted fever was prevalent in the Southeast region of the country, although underreporting is a reality in other regions. The most affected population was male, economically active, living in rural areas, and with incomplete primary education. Thus, epidemiological surveillance is fundamental, especially in endemic and "silent" regions for the notification of the disease.

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