scholarly journals HLA-A and HLA-DRB1 may play a unique role in ovarian teratoma-associated anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoya Zhao ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Qian Zhu ◽  
Guiling Liang ◽  
Wei Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blotting ◽  
Neurological Disorder ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Ovarian Teratoma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
E Proteins ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Itraq Analysis ◽  
Aspartate Receptor

Abstract Background Ovarian teratoma-associated anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDAR-E) is a severe autoimmune neurological disorder, and the influence of teratoma-induced autoantibodies on the pathogenesis remains unclear. Methods Ovarian teratoma tissues were collected from teratoma patients with and without NMDAR-E. Proteins were extracted and then analyzed using iTRAQ-coupled LC–MS/MS, which was followed by bioinformatics analysis. Candidate proteins were verified by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results In total, 36 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified between the control group and NMDAR-E group, and the bioinformatics analysis revealed that the DEPs were mainly involved in immune-related pathways, especially HLA-A and HLA-DRB1. The western blotting results for HLA-A and HLA-DRB1 were consistent with the results of the iTRAQ analysis. Additionally, the immunohistochemical data revealed that the aggregation of HLA-A (+) and HLA-DRB1 (+) cells was more apparent in the teratoma tissues of NMDAR-E patients compared with that in the tissues of controls. Conclusion Our investigation indicated that HLA-A and HLA-DRB1 might be involved in mediating ovarian teratoma-associated NMDAR-E. These findings provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms and provide information for the functional exploration of proteins in the future.

scholarly journals Identification and Verification of the Main Differentially Expressed Proteins in Gastric Cancer via iTRAQ Combined with Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Zhihua Gao ◽  
Jiabao Wang ◽  
Yuru Bai ◽  
Jun Bao ◽  
Erqing Dai
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Normal Mucosa ◽  
Gastric Cancer Tissue ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Itraq Analysis

Background. To find the potential intersections between the differentially expressed proteins and abnormally expressed genes in gastric cancer (GC) patients. Methods. Gastric cancer tissue and adjacent normal mucosa tissue were used for iTRAQ analysis. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis were used to evaluate gene function. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were applied to verify the protein expression. Results. A total of 2770 proteins were identified, of which 147 proteins were upregulated and 159 proteins were downregulated. GO analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched for the terms “cellular process,” “binding,” and “cell.” The results of the KEGG analysis showed that the most abundantly enriched proteins were involved in the “focal adhesion” pathway. The results of the PPI analysis showed that VCAM1 was located at the center of the PPI network. Western blotting and IHC analysis demonstrated that VCAM1, FLNA, VASP, CAV1, PICK1, and COL4A2 were differentially expressed in GC and adjacent normal tissues, which was consistent with the results of the iTRAQ analysis. Conclusion. In conclusion, 6 highly differentially expressed proteins were identified as novel differentially expressed proteins in human GC. This exploratory research may provide useful information for the treatment of gastric cancer in the clinic.

scholarly journals Quantitative iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in aging in human and monkey

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wang ◽  
Xiaoqi Zhu ◽  
Junyan Shen ◽  
En-Feng Zhao ◽  
Dajun He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blotting ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Absolute Quantification ◽  
Fold Change ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Behavioral Experiment ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Itraq Analysis

Abstract Background The underlying physiological mechanisms associated with aging are still complex and unclear. As a very important tissue of human body, the circulatory system also plays a very important role in the process of aging. In this study, we use the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) method to identify differentially expressed proteins in plasma for humans and monkeys between young and aged. Western blotting and behavioral experiment in mice were performed to validate the expression of the candidate protein. Results Between the young / the old humans and the young / the old monkeys 74 and 69 proteins were found to be differently expressed, respectively. For the human samples, these included 38 up-regulated proteins and 36 down-regulated proteins (a fold change ≥1.3 or ≤ 0.667, p value ≤0.05).For the monkey samples, 51 up-regulated proteins and 18 down-regulated proteins (a fold change ≥1.3 or ≤ 0.667, p value ≤0.05). KEGG pathway analysis revealed that phagosome, focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were the most common pathways involved in aging. We found only IGFBP4 protein that existed in up-regulated proteins in aged both for human and monkey. In addition, the differential expression of IGFBP4 was validated by western blot analysis and IGFBP4 treatment mimicked aging-related cognitive dysfunction in mice. Conclusions This first, the integrated proteomics for the plasma protein of human and monkey reveal one protein-IGFBP4, which was validated by western blotting and behavioral analysis can promote the process of aging. And, iTRAQ analysis showed that proteolytic systems, and inflammatory responses plays an important role in the process of aging. These findings provide a basis for better understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in aging.

scholarly journals Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis with Decrease in Blood Flow in Cerebellum

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Koji Obara ◽  
Tomoko Ono ◽  
Itaru Toyoshima
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Ovarian Teratoma ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Flow Monitoring ◽  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Nmdar Encephalitis ◽  
Consciousness Disturbance

In anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis, progressive cerebellar atrophy potentially leads to severe sequelae. We encountered a patient with anti-NMDAR antibody encephalitis who showed a decrease of blood flow in the cerebellum. A 15-year-old girl presented with consciousness disturbance. Influenza encephalopathy was suspected, and she was treated with glucocorticoid pulse therapy, high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins, and plasma exchange sequentially. She subsequently underwent left oophorectomy due to the presence of anti-NMDAR antibodies and a left ovarian teratoma. In spite of the surgery, her neuropsychiatric symptoms persisted, and she recovered slowly after the introduction of oral methotrexate (MTX). Sequential cerebral blood flow monitoring with single-photon emission computed tomography showed marked cerebellar hypoperfusion. Although mild impairments including working memory and verbal fluency persisted, she eventually returned to high school 3 years after onset. Profound cerebellar hypoperfusion including lobules VI and VII may be the reason for her working memory impairment and speaking problems. Oral MTX may be a promising alternative treatment for some refractory cases of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.

scholarly journals DDB2 regulates DNA replication through PCNA-independent degradation of CDT2

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Wu ◽  
Min Yu ◽  
Zhuxia Zhang ◽  
Feng Leng ◽  
Yue Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligases ◽  
Ovarian Teratoma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
E3 Ubiquitin Ligases ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
Interacting Protein

Abstract Background Targeting ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis is one of the strategies in cancer therapy. CRLCDT2 and CRLDDB2 are two key E3 ubiquitin ligases involved in DNA replication and DNA damage repair. But CDT2 and DDB2 are opposite prognostic factors in kinds of cancers, and the underlining mechanism needs to be elucidated. Methods Small interfering RNAs were used to determine the function of target genes. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) was performed to detect the interaction between DDB2 and CDT2. Immunofluorescence assays and fluorescence activating cell sorting (FACS) were used to measure the change of DNA content. In vivo ubiquitination assay was carried out to clarify the ubiquitination of CDT2 mediated by DDB2. Cell synchronization was performed to arrest cells at G1/S and S phase. The mechanism involved in DDB2-mediated CDT2 degradation was investigated by constructing plasmids with mutant variants and measured by Western blot. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the relationship between DDB2 and CDT2. Paired two-side Student’s t-test was used to measure the significance of the difference between control group and experimental group. Results Knockdown of DDB2 stabilized CDT2, while over-expression of DDB2 enhanced ubiquitination of CDT2, and subsequentially degradation of CDT2. Although both DDB2 and CDT2 contain PIP (PCNA-interacting protein) box, PIP box is dispensable for DDB2-mediated CDT2 degradation. Knockdown of PCNA had negligible effects on the stability of CDT2, but promoted accumulation of CDT1, p21 and SET8. Silencing of DDB2 arrested cell cycle in G1 phase, destabilized CDT1 and reduced the chromatin loading of MCMs, thereby blocked the formation of polyploidy induced by ablation of CDT2. In breast cancer and ovarian teratoma tissues, high level of DDB2 was along with lower level of CDT2. Conclusions We found that CRL4DDB2 is the novel E3 ubiquitin ligases of CDT2, and DDB2 regulates DNA replication through indirectly regulates CDT1 protein stability by degrading CDT2 and promotes the assembly of pre-replication complex. Our results broaden the horizon for understanding the opposite function of CDT2 and DDB2 in tumorigenesis, and may provide clues for drug discovery in cancer therapy.

Immunopathological Significance of Ovarian Teratoma in Patients with Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emi Tabata ◽  
Masanori Masuda ◽  
Makoto Eriguchi ◽  
Masatoshi Yokoyama ◽  
Yoshiyuki Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Teratoma ◽  
Aspartate Receptor

scholarly journals Expression of β-catenin in human trophoblast and its role in placenta accreta and placenta previa

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-214
Author(s):  
Qing Han ◽  
Lianghui Zheng ◽  
Zhaodong Liu ◽  
Jinying Luo ◽  
Rongxin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blotting ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Placenta Accreta ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Lesion Area ◽  
Human Trophoblast ◽  
Chorionic Villi ◽  
Pcr Techniques

Objectives To investigate the expression of β-catenin in chorionic villi, and to explore its roles in placenta accreta and placenta previa. Methods We compared β-catenin expression in the control group, placenta accreta group (lesion area and normal zones), and placenta previa group (placental central and placental edge zones) by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and RT-PCR techniques. Results Compared with the normal group, the placenta accreta group had a longer length of stay, greater bleeding volume, and lower newborn birth weight. Further, the expression of β-catenin was lower in both placenta previa and placenta accreta groups than in the control group, as measured by immunohistochemistry. Compared with the control group, expression of β-catenin was significantly lower in the placenta previa and placenta accreta groups by Western blotting and RT-PCR. Importantly, the level of placental β-catenin was significantly different when compared between the lesion and normal zones of placenta. Conclusion The expression of β-catenin in placenta accreta might play an important role in the regulation of placental cell invasion; low expression of β-catenin in placenta accreta might be responsible for excessive trophoblastic invasion.

scholarly journals 2-DE-MS based proteomic investigation of dairy cows with footrot

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Jiasan Zheng ◽  
Shi Shu ◽  
Cheng Xia ◽  
Chuang Xu ◽  
Hongyou Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mass Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Proteomic Investigation ◽  
Dimensional Electrophoresis ◽  
Control Group Group

Abstract Introduction: The differentially expressed proteins between healthy cows and those with footrot were identified to explore changes in protein profiles associated with the disease. Material and Methods: Out of 36 cows selected for the experiment, 18 footrot-affected cows were included in the treatment group (group T) and 18 unaffected cows were included in the control group (group C). Plasma samples from groups T and C were subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis and differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Bioinformatics, including gene ontology analysis and pathway analysis, was used for analysing all proteins. Results: Out of 63 spots identified by 2DE, 33 were selected for mass spectrum analysis, which identified 11 differentially expressed proteins in 26 spots. Footrot led to changes in profiles in plasma proteins that were classified to the pathway of inflammatory response, complement, and blood coagulation, among others. Conclusion: This study provides evidence of the defence mechanisms of cows with footrot to explore strategies for treatment.

scholarly journals Analysis of the physical activity effects and measurement of pro-inflammatory cytokines in irradiated lungs in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Cristiane Gennari Bianchi ◽  
Eduardo Rochete Ropelle ◽  
Carlos Kiyoshi Katashima ◽  
José Barreto Campello Carvalheira ◽  
Luiz Roberto Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Western Blotting Analysis ◽  
Blotting Analysis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

PURPOSE: To study if the pre-radiotherapy physical activity has radio-protective elements, by measuring the radio-induced activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines as interleukin-6 (il-6), transforming growth factor -β (tgf -β), tumor necrosis factor -α (tnf-α) and protein beta kinase β (ikkβ), through western blotting analysis. METHODS: A randomized study with 28 Wistar hannover rats, males, with a mean age of 90 days and weighing about 200 grams. The animals were divided into three groups: (GI, GII and GIII). GIII group were submitted to swimming for eight weeks (zero load, three times a week, about 30 minutes). Then, the groups (except the control group) were submitted to irradiation by cobalt therapy, single dose of 3.5 gray in the whole body. All animals were sacrificed by overdose of pentobarbital, according to the time for analysis of cytokines, and then a fragment of the lower lobe of the right lung went to western blotting analysis. RESULTS: The cytokines IKK β, TNF-α and IL-6 induced by radiation in the lung were lower in the exercised animals. However, exercise did not alter the radiation-induced increase in tgf-β. CONCLUSION: The results show a lower response in relation to inflammatory cytokines in the group that practiced the exercise pre-radiotherapy, showing that exercise can protect tissues from tissue damage due to irradiation.

scholarly journals Expression of Various Glutamate Receptors Including N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor (NMDAR) in an Ovarian Teratoma Removed from a Young Woman with Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (19) ◽  
pp. 2167-2173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoko Tachibana ◽  
Takashi Shirakawa ◽  
Keiko Ishii ◽  
Yukitoshi Takahashi ◽  
Keiko Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamate Receptors ◽  
Young Woman ◽  
Ovarian Teratoma ◽  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Nmdar Encephalitis

scholarly journals Serum Proteomic Analysis of Cannabis Use Disorder in Male Patients

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5311
Author(s):  
Fawaz Alasmari ◽  
Sary Alsanea ◽  
Assim A. Alfadda ◽  
Ibrahim O. Alanazi ◽  
Mohthash Musambil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Farnesoid X Receptor ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cannabis Use Disorder ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Healthy Control

Cannabis use has been growing recently and it is legally consumed in many countries. Cannabis has a variety of phytochemicals including cannabinoids, which might impair the peripheral systems responses affecting inflammatory and immunological pathways. However, the exact signaling pathways that induce these effects need further understanding. The objective of this study is to investigate the serum proteomic profiling in patients diagnosed with cannabis use disorder (CUD) as compared with healthy control subjects. The novelty of our study is to highlight the differentially changes proteins in the serum of CUD patients. Certain proteins can be targeted in the future to attenuate the toxicological effects of cannabis. Blood samples were collected from 20 male individuals: 10 healthy controls and 10 CUD patients. An untargeted proteomic technique employing two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry was employed in this study to assess the differentially expressed proteins. The proteomic analysis identified a total of 121 proteins that showed significant changes in protein expression between CUD patients (experimental group) and healthy individuals (control group). For instance, the serum expression of inactive tyrosine protein kinase PEAK1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 were increased in CUD group. In contrast, the serum expression of transthyretin and serotransferrin were reduced in CUD group. Among these proteins, 55 proteins were significantly upregulated and 66 proteins significantly downregulated in CUD patients as compared with healthy control group. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) found that these differentially expressed proteins are linked to p38MAPK, interleukin 12 complex, nuclear factor-κB, and other signaling pathways. Our work indicates that the differentially expressed serum proteins between CUD and control groups are correlated to liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor (RXR), farnesoid X receptor/RXR activation, and acute phase response signaling.

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