scholarly journals PIWI-interacting RNAs and PIWI proteins in glioma: molecular pathogenesis and role as biomarkers

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Reza Tamtaji ◽  
Mohammad Behnam ◽  
Mohammad Ali Pourattar ◽  
Michael R. Hamblin ◽  
Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Primary Brain Tumor ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Cellular Pathways

AbstractGlioma is the most common primary brain tumor, and is a major health problem throughout the world. Today, researchers have discovered many risk factors that are associated with the initiation and progression of gliomas. Studies have shown that PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and PIWI proteins are involved in tumorigenesis by epigenetic mechanisms. Hence, it seems that piRNAs and PIWI proteins may be potential prognostic, diagnostic or therapeutic biomarkers in the treatment of glioma. Previous studies have demonstrated a relationship between piRNAs and PIWI proteins and some of the molecular and cellular pathways in glioma. Here, we summarize recent evidence and evaluate the molecular mechanisms by which piRNAs and PIWI proteins are involved in glioma.

scholarly journals Coronary angiographic profile of Nepalese people A study of 450 cases in SGNHC

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-21
Author(s):  
S Regmi ◽  
R Malla ◽  
S Rajbhandari ◽  
MB KC ◽  
D Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Stable Angina ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Conventional Risk Factors

Coronary Artery disease (CAD) remains a major health problem. Stable angina, unstable angina and myocardial infarction are the major manifestations of CAD. This study is aimed to assess the coronary artery profile in these groups and its relation to the major conventional risk factors and the distribution of the disease in differant ethnic group of Napalase population.

scholarly journals Complete Stenosis of the Uretero Vesical Junction in Urogenital Tuberculosis: Management and Evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
O. Elidrissi ◽  
M. Rkik ◽  
W. Bai ◽  
Y. Ghannam ◽  
M. Dakir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Disease Type ◽  
Ureteral Stenosis ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Urogenital Tuberculosis ◽  
The World

Urogenital tuberculosis continues to be a major health problem around the world due to the epidemic of HIV infection. We report the case of a 40-year-old patient followed for urogenital tuberculosis and who presented during her follow-up a complication of her disease type ureteral stenosis, managed by endoscopic route. We try through our work to focus on the value of surveillance after anti-bacillary treatment in order to watch for complications and act in an innocuous way.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON CLINICAL PATTERN OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS TO THE DRUGS USED FOR HYPERTENSION AND ASSESMENT OF MEDICATION KNOWLEDGE IN SUCH PATIENTS.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Sharma ◽  
Hetal Solanki ◽  
Narendra Kumar ◽  
Bhairvi Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Medication Knowledge ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
The World

The aim of the present study was to monitor adverse drug reactions associated with antihypertensive drugs. due to its high prevalence, Hypertension is a major health problem throughout the world and very less studies has been aimed at assessing the patient’s knowledge and awareness about hypertension and adherence to antihypertensive medication among hypertensive patients .Hypertension is a major health problem and risk factor for stroke, coronary heart diseases and antihypertensive treatment is used to reduce renal and cardiovascular diseases by lowering blood pressure. Occurrence of adverse reactions among hypertensive patients could prevent or delay patients from achieving desired therapeutic goals. The study was conducted by one to one patient interview using a questionnaire-based medication knowledge form, Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Form drafted according to the World Health Organisation Monitoring Guidelines. A total of 86 adverse drug reactions were observed in 127 hypertensive patients during the 6 month study. In this study the ADRs were found probable (51.16%), possible (32.56%), unclassifiable (11.63%) and unlikely (4.65%) by using WHO causality assessment scale. By using Naranjo algorithm scale it was found that ADRs were possible in 77.91% and probable in 22.09% of cases. This study also found that amlodipine was responsible for most of the ADRs and among the entire ADRs reported headache was the commonest followed by dizziness, pedal oedema, fatigue, abdominal pain, dry cough, breathlessness, bradycardia, muscle cramps, sedation, diarrhoea and irritation all over thebody. After counseling by clinical pharmacist medication knowledge was found to be increased. Keywords: Adverse drug reaction, medication knowledge, hypertension

scholarly journals Effectiveness and Efficacy of Vaccine on Mutated SARS-CoV-2 Virus and Post Vaccination Surveillance: A Narrative Review

Vaccines ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Ihsanul Hafiz ◽  
Didi Nurhadi Illian ◽  
Okpri Meila ◽  
Ahmad Rusdan Handoyo Utomo ◽  
Arida Susilowati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Real World ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, as a result of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, since December 2019, is a major health problem and concern worldwide. The pandemic has impacted various fields, from the social to the development of health science and technology. The virus has been mutating and thus producing several new variants, rushing research in the field of molecular biology to develop rapidly to overcome the problems that occur. Vaccine clinical studies are developing promptly with the aim of obtaining vaccines that are effective in suppressing the spread of the virus; however, the development of viral mutations raises concerns about the decreasing effectiveness of the resulting vaccine, which also results in the need for more in-depth studies. There have been 330 vaccines developed, including 136 clinical developments and 194 pre-clinical developments. The SARS-CoV-2 variant continues to evolve today, and it poses a challenge in testing the effectiveness of existing vaccines. This is a narrative review describing the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, development of vaccine platforms, identification of concerning mutations and virus variants in various countries of the world, and real-world monitoring of post-vaccination effectiveness and surveillance.

Predictors of Red Cell Alloimmunization in Multitransfused Egyptian Patients With β-Thalassemia

2014 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. 684-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiman Hussein ◽  
Nermeen Desooky ◽  
Abeer Rihan ◽  
Abeer Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Blood Transfusions ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Coombs Test ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Important Complication ◽  
Egyptian Patients

Context.—Thalassemia is a major health problem in Egypt. Red blood cell alloimmunization is an important complication in transfusion-dependent patients. Objectives.—To determine alloimmunization prevalence in Egyptian patients with β-thalassemia and to evaluate risk factors that could influence alloimmunization, with the hope of minimizing transfusion-associated risks in those patients. Design.—Records of 272 patients with β-thalassemia who are receiving regular blood transfusions, matched for ABO-Rh(D), were analyzed. Alloantibody identification was performed by DiaMed-ID microtyping system. Autoantibodies were detected by direct Coombs test. Results.—Alloimmunization incidence was 22.8% with 123 alloantibodies detected in 62 patients. The most common alloantibody was Rh-related (37.4%; 46 of 123), comprising anti-E (14.6%; 18 of 123), anti-D (8.9%; 11 of 123), anti-C (8.9%; 11 of 123), and anti-c (4.9%; 6 of 123), followed by anti-Kell (26%; 32 of 123), → anti-MNS (9.8%; 12 of 123), → anti-Kidd (8.9%; 11 of 123) → anti-Duffy (8.1%; 10 of 123), → anti-Le (5.7%; 7 of 123), → anti-Lu (2.4%; 3 of 123), and → anti-P1 (1.6%; 2 of 123). Anti-D antibodies developed in 34.5% of all Rh-negative patients. Eighty percent of all anti-D antibodies developed in patients older than 18 years. Males had the highest alloimmunization incidence. Alloimmunization incidence increased with the number of units transfused (P = .01). Patients who received unfiltered blood had a higher alloimmunization rate than did those who always received leukoreduced blood (P < .001). Splenectomized patients had a higher alloimmunization rate (32%; 40 of 125) than did those who did not have a splenectomy (16.3%; 24 of 147; P = .003). Autoantibodies occurred in 1.5% (4 of 272) of all patients. Conclusion.—Transfusion of leukoreduced and phenotypically matched cells for selective antigens may help reduce expenses and risks of alloimmunization in patients with thalassemia.

Genetics of impulsivity, anger, and aggression as risk factors for suicidal behavior

2019 ◽  
pp. 343-365
Author(s):  
Dan Rujescu ◽  
Ina Giegling
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Psychiatric History ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Intermediate Phenotypes

Suicidal behavior is a major health problem causing more than 1 million deaths worldwide each year. The risk of suicide-related behavior is supposed to be determined by a complex interplay of sociocultural factors, psychiatric history, personality traits, and genetic as well as neurobiological vulnerability. Personality traits like impulsivity, anger or aggression are valuable intermediate phenotypes in the search for the genetics of such a complex trait. This review will summarize genetic factors of phenotypes as risk factors for suicidal behavior. There is hope that simpler, quantifiable measures will be more elementary compared to clinical phenotypes. It is assumed that the number of genes required to produce variations in these traits may be fewer than those involved in producing a diagnostic entity. Further understanding of the genetics and pathophysiology of suicidal behavior is therefore very important.

Perilaku Waspada Stroke Pengidap Hipertensi

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Merry Lusiana ◽  
Tati Nuryati ◽  
Toha Muhaimin ◽  
Rizki Edmi Edison
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Health Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Introduction: Non infectious disease is a major health problem especially in developing countries. Among those, stroke always be the leading one that occurs followed by health burden.  Some factors in increasing of mortality and disability due to stroke are lack of understanding of risk factors and awareness to early signs especially among people with hypertension. If the factors those influence the knowledge, awareness, and others stroke alert behaviors are known, promotive or prevention acts could be done by health workers. Aims: The aim of this study is to find out the stroke alert behavior among them that conducted at Puskesmas Cengkareng of West Jakarta on July and August 2020. Method: 116 patients were participated to fill the questionnaire and analyzed with cross-sectional design. Results: Our study revealed that knowledge, perception of utility, and perception to level of disease severity is the most influenced factor to stroke alert behavior.   

Prevention and Treatment of Early Childhood Caries (ECC)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey .
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Optimal Basis ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Childhood Caries

Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a chronic disease that can be prevented. It commonlyaffects children involving in one or more decayed (with lesions or not) teeth, missing teeth (dueto caries), or teeth with fillings in children aged under 71 months. The disease is sometimesoverlooked, but this condition usually affects the general health of children. Early detection ofEarly Childhood Caries (ECC) can prevent problems which are harmful to children. Therefore,the ECC must be prevented and for teeth that have had dental caries they should be givenproper treatment so as not to worsen and affect the quality of life in children. Prevention of thisdisease is a significant component in any health program to prepare for the optimal basis forthe oral health of children. This condition will become a serious health problem if not handledproperly, and it is a major health problem for health providers throughout the world.Primarypreventive must be initiated since a woman getting pregnant.Keywords: Early Childhood Caries (ECC), prevention, treatment

scholarly journals Friend or Foe: Paradoxical Roles of Autophagy in Gliomagenesis

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1411
Author(s):  
Don Carlo Ramos Batara ◽  
Moon-Chang Choi ◽  
Hyeon-Uk Shin ◽  
Hyunggee Kim ◽  
Sung-Hak Kim
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Primary Brain Tumor ◽  
Molecular Target ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Homeostatic Mechanism ◽  
Cellular Context ◽  
Cellular Components

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of primary brain tumor in adults, with a poor median survival of approximately 15 months after diagnosis. Despite several decades of intensive research on its cancer biology, treatment for GBM remains a challenge. Autophagy, a fundamental homeostatic mechanism, is responsible for degrading and recycling damaged or defective cellular components. It plays a paradoxical role in GBM by either promoting or suppressing tumor growth depending on the cellular context. A thorough understanding of autophagy’s pleiotropic roles is needed to develop potential therapeutic strategies for GBM. In this paper, we discussed molecular mechanisms and biphasic functions of autophagy in gliomagenesis. We also provided a summary of treatments for GBM, emphasizing the importance of autophagy as a promising molecular target for treating GBM.

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