scholarly journals Association of energy availability with resting metabolic rates in competitive female teenage runners: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norimitsu Kinoshita ◽  
Eriko Uchiyama ◽  
Kazuko Ishikawa-Takata ◽  
Yuka Yamada ◽  
Kenta Okuyama
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Teenage Girl ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
Registered Dietitian Nutritionists ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Resting metabolic rate (RMR) has been examined as a proxy for low energy availability (EA). Previous studies have been limited to adult athletes, despite the serious health consequences of low EA, particularly during adolescence. This study aimed to explore the relationship between RMR and EA in competitive teenage girl runners. Methods Eighteen girl runners (mean ± standard-deviation; age, 16.8 ± 0.9 years; body mass, 45.6 ± 5.2 kg, %fat, 13.5 ± 4.2 %) in the same competitive high-school team were evaluated. Each runner was asked to report dietary records with photos and training logs for seven days. Energy intake (EI) was assessed by Registered Dietitian Nutritionists. The runners were evaluated on a treadmill with an indirect calorimeter to yield individual prediction equations for oxygen consumption using running velocity and heart rate (HR). Exercise energy expenditure (EEE) was calculated by the equations based on training logs and HR. Daily EA was calculated by subtracting EEE from EI. The daily means of these variables were calculated. RMR was measured early in the morning by whole-room calorimetry after overnight sleep on concluding the final day of the seven-day assessment. The ratio of measured RMR to predicted RMR (RMR ratio) was calculated by race, age, sex-specific formulae, and Cunningham’s equation. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bivariate correlation analyses were used to examine the relationship between variables. Results RMR, EI, EEE, and EA were 26.9 ± 2.4, 56.8 ± 15.2, 21.7 ± 5.9, and 35.0 ± 15.0 kcal⋅kg−1 FFM⋅d−1, respectively. RMR reduced linearly with statistical significance, while EA decreased to a threshold level (30 kcal⋅kg−1 FFM⋅d−1) (r= 0.58, p= 0.048). Further reduction in RMR was not observed when EA fell below the threshold. There was no significant correlation between RMR ratios and EA, irrespective of the prediction formulae used. Conclusions These results suggest that RMR does not reduce with a decrease in EA among highly competitive and lean teenage girl runners. RMR remains disproportionally higher than expected in low EA states. Free-living teenage girl runners with low EA should be cautiously identified using RMR as a proxy for EA change.

The Relationship of Mode and Intensity of Training on Resting Metabolic Rate in Women

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi K. Byrne ◽  
Jack H. Wilmore
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Women Subjects ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Aerobically Trained

The present cross-sectional study was designed to investigate the relationship between exercise training and resting metabolic rate (RMR). The focus of this investigation was to compare RMR in aerobically trained (AT), resistance trained (RT), and untrained (UNT) women. Subjects were also classified as highly trained (HT), moderately trained (MT), or untrained (UNT) in order to examine the relationship between RMR and level of training. Sixty-one women between the ages of 18 and 46 years volunteered to serve as subjects in this study. Each subject completed measurements of body composition, maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max), and two consecutive measurements of RMR. The data presented show that there was no significant difference in resting metabolic rate between resistance-trained, aerobically trained, and control subjects. However, when grouped by intensity of training, there was a trend for an increased resting metabolic rate (kcal/day) in the highly trained subjects, regardless of mode of training.

scholarly journals Comprehensive arginine metabolomics and peripheral vasodilatory capacity in rheumatoid arthritis: a monocentric cross-sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Luca Erre ◽  
Arduino Aleksander Mangoni ◽  
Giuseppe Passiu ◽  
Stefania Bassu ◽  
Floriana Castagna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Tonometry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
Plasma Adma ◽  
Plasma Arginine ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The relationship between plasma arginine metabolites influencing vascular homeostasis and peripheral vasodilatory capacity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients is not known. Methods L-arginine (Arg), monomethyl-L-arginine (MMA), L-homoarginine (hArg), asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethyl-L-arginine, and L-citrulline (Cit) were measured by LC-MS/MS in 164 RA patients and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls without previous cardiovascular events. Log-transformed reactive hyperemia index (Ln-RHI) evaluated by peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT, EndoPAT2000 device) was assessed as surrogate measure of peripheral vasodilatory capacity in RA patients. Ln-RHI values <0.51 indicated peripheral endothelial dysfunction (ED). The relationship between plasma arginine metabolite concentrations, RA descriptors and peripheral vasodilatory capacity was evaluated by bivariate correlation and regression analyses. Results Plasma ADMA concentrations were significantly higher, and plasma hArg concentrations significantly lower, in RA patients than in controls (0.53 ± 0.09 vs 0.465 ± 0.07 μmol/L and 1.50 ± 0.60 vs 1.924 ± 0.78 μmol/L, respectively; p<0.001 for both comparisons). Bivariate correlation analysis demonstrated no significant correlation between arginine metabolites and disease descriptors. In regression analysis in RA patients, higher plasma ADMA concentrations were independently associated with presence of ED [OR(95%CI) = 77.3(1.478 - 4050.005), p =0.031] and lower Ln-RHI [B coefficient(95%CI) =-0.57(-1.09 to -0.05), p =0.032]. Conclusions ADMA was significantly, albeit weakly, associated with impaired microcirculatory vasodilatory capacity and peripheral endothelial dysfunction in RA. This suggests an important pathophysiological role of this metabolite in the vascular alterations observed in this patient group.

scholarly journals The relationship between the nomophobic levels of higher education students in Ghana and academic achievement

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252880
Author(s):  
Harry Barton Essel ◽  
Dimitrios Vlachopoulos ◽  
Akosua Tachie-Menson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
University Students ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
One Way Anova

There is an upsurge in the use of mobile phones among higher education students in Ghana, which may result in the nomophobia prevalence with the students. Therefore, the need to assess the influence of nomophobia within the student population in Ghana. This descriptive cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of nomophobia and the sociodemographic variables, and the association with academic achievement of the understudied population. A self-reporting nomophobia questionnaire, composed of 20 dimensions, was answered by 670 university students to measure the nomophobia prevalence. Raw data were estimated using descriptive statistics, and one-way ANOVA and Independent T-test. While the findings showed diverse grades of nomophobia, statistical significance between academic achievement and the level of nomophobia was observed. This study concludes that there is a high nomophobia prevalence among university students in Ghana as the use of smartphones increases. However, follow-up studies should be conducted in Ghanaian universities to monitor nomophobia and its associates in order to reduce the adverse effects of habitual use of smartphones.

Clinical Features of Migraine: A Cross-Sectional Study in Patients Aged Three to Sixty-Nine

Cephalalgia ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ç Wöber-Bingöl ◽  
C Wöber ◽  
A Karwautz ◽  
A Auterith ◽  
M Serim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Type Headache ◽  
The Relationship

We investigated 260 consecutive patients classified as migraine cases aged 3-69 at two tertiary headache centres, one for children and adolescents and the other for adults to evaluate the relationship between age and clinical features of migraine cross-sectionally. We only included subjects with definite migraine without or with aura and we excluded subjects with coexisting tension-type headache, medication overuse and/or other clinically relevant disorders. The percentage of males decreased markedly from childhood to adulthood and this affected the evalution of age-related changes in male patients, as only large differences reached the level of statistical significance. In females, the headache duration and the prevalence of unilateral, pulsating pain, photophobia and phonophobia increased, whereas the prevalence of aggravation by physical activity decreased with age. In conclusion, this cross-sectional, clinic-based study on a strictly defined sample of 260 consecutive patients with definite migraine covering a wide range of age from the very young to the old suggests marked age-related differences of the clinical features of migraine in females and failed to demonstrate similar differences in males due to the small number of adult male migraineurs.

scholarly journals CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD)

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 264-270
Author(s):  
Adil Manzoor ◽  
Rashid Abasher
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency is pretty common among the patients withCKD some studies suggesting it to be starting from CKD 3 when the egfr start falling from60 ml/min. The cause can be due to different reasons including race, obesity, nutrition, lackof exposure to sun, and not the least, decrease in 1,alpha hydroxylase once the gfr starts tofall significantly. Objectives: The hypothesis was that lower Vitamin D level will be associatedwith increased inflammatory burden and decreased immunological response. Study Design:This was a cross-sectional study looking at the relationship between Vitamin D level andinflammatory markers in CKD 4 Pts when egfr started falling from 30 ml/min. Study Design andDuration: The study was started in March 2016 and finished in May 2016 among consecutive100 CKD 4 patients coming to the clinic who were identified to be eligible for the study. Materialsand Methods: We looked at the relationship between Vitamin D level and markers of mineralbone disorder, similarly we also looked at the relationship between erythropoietin dosage,hemoglobin and Vitamin D levels. Erythropoietin dose, hemoglobin, transferrin saturation,were used to study the link between Vitamin D and markers of anemia. Hepatitis B surfaceantigen antibodies were measured to study the response between Vitamin D level and immuneresponse to Hep B vaccine. Results: Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in diabeticscompared to non-diabetics (P = 0.02) and lower in females compared to males (P = 0.009).No statistical significance was observed between Vitamin D levels and immune response tohepatitis B vaccine (P = 0.89), phosphate level (P= 0.1), calcium levels (P = 0.79), parathyroidhormone (PTH) levels (P = 0.57), C-reactive protein (P =0.19), serum albumin (P = 0.17),hemoglobin level (P = 0.18,) and erythropoietin requirement (P = 0.87).Conclusions VitaminD deficiency is highly prevalent in advanced CKD in Saudi Arabia. A RCT is recommendedregarding response to vitamin D supplementation.

Nutrient pattern of unsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E increase resting metabolic rate of overweight and obese women

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Habib Yarizadeh ◽  
Leila Setayesh ◽  
Caroline Roberts ◽  
Mir Saeed Yekaninejad ◽  
Khadijeh Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Nutrients ◽  
Nutrient Patterns

Abstract. Objectives: Obesity plays an important role in the development of chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. A low resting metabolic rate (RMR) for a given body size and composition is a risk factor for obesity, however, there is limited evidence available regarding the association of nutrient patterns and RMR. The aim of this study was to determine the association of nutrient patterns and RMR in overweight and obese women. Study design: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 360 women who were overweight or obese. Method: Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative standard food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Nutrient patterns were also extracted by principal components analysis (PCA). All participants were evaluated for their body composition, RMR, and blood parameters. Result: Three nutrient patterns explaining 64% of the variance in dietary nutrients consumption were identified as B-complex-mineral, antioxidant, and unsaturated fatty acid and vitamin E (USFA-vit E) respectively. Participants were categorized into two groups based on the nutrient patterns. High scores of USFA-vit E pattern was significantly associated with the increase of RMR (β = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.79 to 68.16, p = 0.04). No significant associations were found among B-complex-mineral pattern (β = −0.00, 95% CI = −49.67 to 46.03, p = 0.94) and antioxidant pattern (β = 0.03, 95% CI −41.42 to 22.59, p = 0.56) with RMR. Conclusion: Our results suggested that the “USFA-vit E” pattern (such as PUFA, oleic, linoleic, vit.E, α-tocopherol and EPA) was associated with increased RMR.

Coping Style as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Deliberate Self-Harm

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison S. Christian ◽  
Kristen M. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Deliberate self-harm (DSH) occurs with high frequency among clinical and nonclinical youth populations. Although depression has been consistently linked with the behavior, not all depressed individuals engage in DSH. Aims: The current study examined maladaptive coping strategies (i.e., self-blame, distancing, and self-isolation) as mediators between depression and DSH among undergraduate students. Methods: 202 students from undergraduate psychology courses at a private university in Southern California (77.7% women) completed anonymous self-report measures. Results: A hierarchical regression model found no differences in DSH history across demographic variables. Among coping variables, self-isolation alone was significantly related to DSH. A full meditational model was supported: Depressive symptoms were significantly related to DSH, but adding self-isolation to the model rendered the relationship nonsignificant. Limitations: The cross-sectional study design prevents determination of whether a casual relation exists between self-isolation and DSH, and obscures the direction of that relationship. Conclusions: Results suggest targeting self-isolation as a means of DSH prevention and intervention among nonclinical, youth populations.

IDENTIFIKASI SERTA HUBUNGAN KONSTRUKSI SUMUR GALI TERHADAP KANDUNGAN COLIFORM PADA AIR SUMUR GALI DI DUSUN JIKEN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Dini Yuliansari
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Variable ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Dug Well ◽  
The Relationship

The well is one of the source water used for bathing, washing, and drinking by the citizens in Jiken Hamlet, Rarang Village, Terara Sub-District. Poor dug well construction conditions can affect the amount of coliform bacteria contained in the dug well water. The purpose of this study is to identify the construction of dug wells and the content of coliform bacteria in dug well water and determine the relationship between dug well construction and the content of coliform bacteria. This research is analytic with a cross sectional study design. The results were obtained from 11 samples of dug wells which were observed in construction and the coliform content was known that all samples did not requirements as good dug well construction. Coliform content test results showed that as many as 5 dug well water samples did not pass the clean water quality standards. The results of data analysis with the chi-square test variable construction of dug wells with coliform content variable  showed 0,172 > 0,05, then the concluded is the dug well not suitable to use by people in that area as a source of water for daily needs.

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