Mulberry leaf extract improves glycaemic response and insulaemic response to sucrose in healthy subjects: results of a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study

Abstract Background There are many benefits of maintaining healthy blood glucose levels, and studies have shown that lifestyle changes such as changes to diet can successfully restore normoglycaemia in participants with dysglycaemia. Significant health-related lifestyle changes are often difficult to implement and functional ingredients that can reduce glycaemic and insulaemic responses may help at risk populations. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a mulberry leaf extract could lower the glycaemic and insulinaemic responses to 75 g sucrose in healthy individuals. Methods A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover design trial was conducted by the Oxford Brookes Centre for Nutrition and Health. Thirty-eight participants were recruited into the trial and, after an overnight fast, were given 75 g sucrose + white mulberry leaf extract, or 75 g sucrose alone. Capillary blood samples were collected at 15-min intervals in the first hour and at 30-min intervals over the second hour to determine glucose and plasma insulin levels. Data analysis was conducted using a paired samples T test or a Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results The addition of mulberry leaf extract to sucrose resulted in a significantly lower glycaemic response and insulinaemic response compared to a matched placebo (sucrose alone). The change in blood glucose measurements were significantly lower at 15 min (p < 0.001), 30 min (p < 0.001), 45 min (p = 0.008), and 120 min (p < 0.001) and plasma insulin measurements were significantly lower at 15 min (p < 0.001), 30 min (p < 0.001), 45 min (p < 0.001), 60 min (p = 0.001) and 120 min (p < 0.001). The glucose iAUC (− 42%, p = 0.001), insulin iAUC (− 40%, p < 0.001), peak glucose (− 40.0%, p < 0.001) and peak insulin (− 41%, p < 0.001) from baseline were significantly lower for white mulberry leaf extract compared with the placebo. White mulberry leaf extract was well tolerated and there were no reported adverse events. Conclusions Mulberry leaf extract can be used as part of lifestyle changes that may lead to healthy blood glucose levels. Trial registration: ISRCTN99601810 (23 October 2020, retrospectively registered)

Download Full-text

Correction to: Mulberry leaf extract improves glycaemic response and insulaemic response to sucrose in healthy subjects: results of a randomized, double blind, placebo‑controlled study

Nutrition & Metabolism ◽

10.1186/s12986-021-00577-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pariyarath Sangeetha Thondre ◽

Helen Lightowler ◽

Lis Ahlstrom ◽

Andrew Gallagher

Keyword(s):

Healthy Subjects ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Glycaemic Response ◽

Double Blind ◽

Double Blind Placebo ◽

Mulberry Leaf ◽

Mulberry Leaf Extract

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Download Full-text

Effectiveness of Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff leaf extraction on blood glucose level in alloxan-induced Wistar rat

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.4(s3).s12 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (S3) ◽

pp. 123-126

Author(s):

A. Leonoreza ◽

T. Excelinda ◽

J. Elnitiarta ◽

H.S. Heri-Nugroho ◽

M. Hendrianingtyas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Negative Control ◽

Normal Group ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that always increasing in prevalence. Excessive glucose intake and oxidative stress that can lead to damage to the pancreatic cell or insulin resistance, are such factors that influence the occurrence of diabetes mellitus. Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff leaf contains active metabolites such as flavonoid which able to decrease free radical levels. This study aimed to prove the effectiveness of Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff leaves extract on blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced Wistar rats. In this study, twenty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups. On day 0, the negative control and each treatment group injected with 125 mg/kg dose of alloxan and would be checked on 4th day. On the 4th day after the rats had diabetes, normal group (K-1) was given only standard feed, Negative control (K-2) was given only alloxan intraperitoneally on day 0, first treatment group (K-3) was given 50 mg/kg dose of Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff, second treatment group (K-4) was given 100 mg/kg dose of the leaf extract, and the third treatment group (K-5) was given the leaf 200 mg/kg dose of the leaf extract. On the 10th day, fasting blood glucose was taken from the rats. Post-test only group design was used to be the experimental design. There were significant differences in the treatment groups (K-3, K-4, and K-5) compared to the negative control group (K-2) after treatment. The mean of blood glucose levels decreased with the increased doses of Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff leaf extract treatment. The treatment groups (K-3, K-4, and K-5) were not significant compared to the normal group (K-1).

Download Full-text

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIDIABETES KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.)Solms) DAN DAUN SINTRONG (Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore) PADA MENCIT

Jurnal Insan Farmasi Indonesia ◽

10.36387/jifi.v4i1.602 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 44-53

Author(s):

Andri Priyoherianto ◽

◽

Panji Ratih Suci ◽

Putri Rizki Cahya Fatimah ◽

Atik Nur Wijayanti

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Water Hyacinth ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Normal Limits ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Sugar Levels

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that occurs due to destruction of pancreatic ? cells characterized by blood glucose levels that exceed normal limits. The purpose of this study was to determine the therapeutic effect of the combination of water hyacinth leaf extract and Sintrong leaf in reducing blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced experimental animals. Water hyacinth leaf powder and Sintrong leaves were extracted using the maceration method with 70% ethanol as a solvent. A total of 25 mice were divided into 5 groups, namely negative control CMC-Na 0.5%, positive control glibenclamide 0.00065 mg / g BW, water hyacinth leaf extract 17.5 mg / kg BW, Sintrong leaf extract 10.5 mg/ kg BW and a combination of water hyacinth leaf extract 17.5 mg / kg BW and sintrong leaf 10.5 mg / kg BW. The results showed that a single extract of water hyacinth and Sintrong leaves was able to reduce blood sugar levels for 7 days. The combination dose was effective in reducing blood sugar levels with a combination dose of 17.5 mg/ kg water hyacinth leaf extract in combination for 7 days.

Download Full-text

EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS OF ETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF ERYTHRINA ABBYSINICA LAM, EX DC

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i8.24207 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 300

Author(s):

Kamadyaapa Davie Rexon ◽

Gondwe Mavuto Masopera ◽

Shauli Mathulo ◽

Sewani Rusike Constance ◽

Nkeh Chungag Benedicta

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Ethanolic Leaf Extract ◽

Antioxidant Effects

Objective: This study was conducted to scientifically evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of ethanolic leaf extract of Erythrina abbysinica (EEA).Methods: Acute and sub-chronic effects of EEA at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/bwt and glibenclamide (GL) at 5 mg/kg/bwt. were evaluated in both normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male Wistar rats (250–300 g). The acute studies were performed using oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In sub-chronic studies, animals were orally administered with EEA and GL daily for 6 w. Brine shrimp assay was used to determine the toxicity of EEA. 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ferric reducing capacity of plasma, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assays were used to determine antioxidant properties of EEA.Results: Following OGTT, EEA significantly (p<0.05) and dose-dependently (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/bwt) decreased blood glucose levels in both normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats when compared with positive and negative control counterparts at all-time points, whereas GL significantly (p<0.05) decreased blood glucose only in normal rats but not in diabetic rats. Daily, oral administration of EEA for 6 w significantly (p<0.05) and dose-dependently (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/bwt) decreased blood glucose levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats when compared with the diabetic control group. EEA revealed weak toxicity with a lethal concentration50 value of 997 μg/ml). Furthermore, EEA showed significant free radical scavenging, total antioxidant, and anti-lipid peroxidative capacities.Conclusion: The study has shed more light on the scientific basis for the use of E. abbysinica in management of diabetes in some communities of Eastern Cape of South Africa.

Download Full-text

Cardiovascular effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists: from mechanistic studies in humans to clinical outcomes

Cardiovascular Research ◽

10.1093/cvr/cvz323 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 116 (5) ◽

pp. 916-930 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Valerie D Heuvelman ◽

Daniël H Van Raalte ◽

Mark M Smits

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Cardiovascular Effects ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Mechanistic Studies ◽

Receptor Agonists ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is currently one of the most prevalent diseases, with as many as 415 million patients worldwide. T2DM is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and is often accompanied by several comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease. Treatment of T2DM is focused on reducing glucose levels by either lifestyle changes or medical treatment. One treatment option for T2DM is based on the gut-derived hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 reduces blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin secretion, however, it is rapidly degraded, and thereby losing its glycaemic effect. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are immune to degradation, prolonging the glycaemic effect. Lately, GLP-1RAs have spiked the interest of researchers and clinicians due to their beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease. Preclinical and clinical data have demonstrated that GLP-1 receptors are abundantly present in the heart and that stimulation of these receptors by GLP-1 has several effects. In this review, we will discuss the effects of GLP-1RA on heart rate, blood pressure, microvascular function, lipids, and inflammation, as measured in human mechanistic studies, and suggest how these effects may translate into the improved cardiovascular outcomes as demonstrated in several trials.

Download Full-text

Effect of Aloe vera leaf extract on blood glucose levels in alloxan induced diabetic rats

National Journal of Physiology Pharmacy and Pharmacology ◽

10.5455/njppp.2016.6.0718613072016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 471 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Manjunath K ◽

Bhanu G ◽

Subash KR ◽

Tadvi NA ◽

Manikanta M ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Aloe Vera ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels

Download Full-text

A clinical trial to investigate the effect of a proprietary mulberry leaf extract (Reducose®) on lowering blood glucose rises after consuming a drink containing sugar (sucrose)

http://isrctn.com/ ◽

10.1186/isrctn99601810 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Gallagher

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Mulberry Leaf ◽

Mulberry Leaf Extract

Download Full-text

Swallowing food without chewing; a simple way to reduce postprandial glycaemia

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19860008 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 43-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

N. W. Read ◽

I. McL. Welch ◽

C. J. Austen ◽

C. Barnish ◽

C. E. Bartlett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Slow Release ◽

The Other ◽

Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽

Glycaemic Response ◽

Healthy Human ◽

White Rice ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Human Volunteers

1. The degree to which disruption by mastication affects the glycaemic response to four different carbohydrate foods was investigated in healthy human volunteers; each food was eaten by six subjects.2. Subjects ate meals of sweetcorn, white rice, diced apple or potato on two occasions; on one occasion they chewed the food thoroughly, on the other occasion they swallowed each mouthful without chewing it.3. When the foods were chewed the postprandial blood glucose levels rose to levels which vaned according to the food ingested.4. Swallowing without chewing reduced the glycaemic response to each food, achieving a similar effect as administration of viscous polysaccharides or ‘slow-release’ carbohydrates.

Download Full-text

The Beneficial Effects of SesaVitaTM on Lipid Profiles and Blood Glucose Levels in Subjects With Prediabetes and Mild-To-Moderate Hyperlipidemia in India

Journal of Food Research ◽

10.5539/jfr.v2n5p104 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (5) ◽

pp. 104 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. N. Shivaprasad ◽

M. Bhanumathy ◽

Ceyhun Tamer ◽

G. Sushma ◽

K. R. Raveendra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Normal Ranges

Individuals suffering from Type 2 diabetes develop prediabetes before progression of diabetes. In case of prediabetes people, the blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not sufficient to be diagnosed as diabetes. On the basis of existing reports on Sesame extract, SesaVitaTM which is an herbal food supplement containing Sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.) extract may provide an option for management of prediabetes. The objective of this study was to determine the beneficial effects of SesaVitaTM in prediabetes and mild to moderate hyperlipidemia subjects. This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study comprised of 13 female and 07 male patients with prediabetes and mild to moderate hyperlipidemia, aged between 18 and 65 years. Twenty subjects were randomized to receive SesaVitaTM (500 mg/day) or placebo along with therapeutic lifestyle changes for 6 weeks. The primary outcome was the measure of efficacy in terms of change in serum lipid profile and glycaemic levels on week 3 and 6. Secondary outcome measures include safety and tolerability evaluated by physical examination and clinical laboratory evaluations. Improvements in lipid profile and glycaemic levels were observed in SesaVitaTM treated group when compared with placebo and baseline. A statistical significant reduction was observed in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels during week 3 and 6 when treated with SesaVitaTM extract. No adverse events occurred and all safety parameters were within normal ranges during the study. This study revealed that the treatment with SesaVitaTM was safe and well tolerated; may be beneficial in the management of prediabetes and mild-to-moderate hyperlipidemia.

Download Full-text