scholarly journals The effect of using social pressure in cover letters to improve retention in a longitudinal health study: an embedded randomised controlled retention trial

Trials ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Cotterill ◽  
Kelly Howells ◽  
Sarah Rhodes ◽  
Peter Bower
Keyword(s):  
Social Pressure ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Retention Trial

scholarly journals Evaluating the role of orange juice, HESPERidin in vascular HEALTH benefits (HESPER-HEALTH study): protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e053321
Author(s):  
Marie-Anne Verny ◽  
Dragan Milenkovic ◽  
Nicolas Macian ◽  
Bruno Pereira ◽  
Rémy Evrard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orange Juice ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionAlthough epidemiological studies associate the consumption of sugary beverages with adverse health effects, human experimental studies have demonstrated substantially different metabolic responses when 100% fruit juices are compared with artificial beverages. Fruit juices do not just provide sugars and associated calories, but they are also rich in bioactive compounds. Flavanones are bioactives specifically and abundantly found in citrus foods, with hesperidin as the major representative in sweet oranges. Flavanone intake has been associated with a lower incidence of mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, clinical evidence are too scarce to confirm the vasculoprotective effects of 100% orange juice (OJ) presumably mediated by flavanones and thereby do not allow firm conclusions to be drawn about their efficacy.Methods and analysisThe HESPER-HEALTH study aims to assess the efficacy of OJ in improving vascular function and the contribution of hesperidin to these effects. This double-blind, randomised, controlled, crossover study will be carried out in 42 volunteers predisposed to CVD, based on age and on overweight. It includes three 6-week periods of consumption of 330 mL/d of OJ versus control drinks with and without hesperidin at a dose in agreement with a daily OJ serving (approx. 200–215 mg). The primary outcome is endothelial function, assessed by flow mediated dilation, with measurements performed at fasting and postprandially in response to a challenge meal. The secondary outcomes include bioavailability and metabolism of flavanones, changes in other markers of vascular function, systemic biomarkers of cardiovascular risk, endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, vitamin C and carotenoids status, anthropometry and body composition, gut microbiota composition, nutrigenomic response and in oxylipin profiling.Ethics and disseminationThis ongoing study was approved by the Ethics committee Sud-Est III, Bron, France on 17 November 2020. The trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. The results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT04731987; Pre-results.

Regular use of proton pump inhibitors and risk of type 2 diabetes: results from three prospective cohort studies

Gut ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. gutjnl-2020-322557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinqiu Yuan ◽  
Qiangsheng He ◽  
Long H Nguyen ◽  
Martin C S Wong ◽  
Junjie Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Incident Cases

ObjectiveThe association between the regular use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and the risk of type 2 diabetes remains unclear, although a recent randomised controlled trial showed a trend towards increased risk. This study was undertaken to evaluate the regular use of PPIs and risk of type 2 diabetes.MethodThis is a prospective analysis of 204 689 participants free of diabetes in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS), NHS II and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS). Type 2 diabetes was confirmed using American Diabetes Association (ADA) diagnostic criteria. We evaluated hazard ratios (HRs) adjusting for demographic factors, lifestyle habits, the presence of comorbidities, use of other medications and clinical indications.ResultsWe documented 10 105 incident cases of diabetes over 2 127 471 person-years of follow-up. Regular PPI users had a 24% higher risk of diabetes than non-users (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.31). The risk of diabetes increased with duration of PPI use. Fully adjusted HRs were 1.05 (95% CI 0.93 to 1.19) for participants who used PPIs for >0–2 years and 1.26 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.35) for participants who used PPIs for >2 years compared with non-users.ConclusionsRegular use of PPIs was associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes and the risk increased with longer duration of use. Physicians should therefore exercise caution when prescribing PPIs, particularly for long-term use.

scholarly journals Children and Teens in Charge of their Health (CATCH): A protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial of solution-focused coaching to foster healthy lifestyles in childhood disability

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e025119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy C McPherson ◽  
Elaine Biddiss ◽  
Lorry Chen ◽  
Paige Terrien Church ◽  
Janke F de Groot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
Coaching Intervention ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Solution Focused

IntroductionChildren with physical disabilities are rarely included in interventions to promote healthy lifestyles, despite being at higher risk for suboptimal dietary and physical activity behaviours. The Children and Teens in Charge of their Health study explores the feasibility and acceptability of conducting a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of a strengths-based, solution-focused coaching intervention for improving and sustaining physical activity and healthy dietary habits in children and young people with physical disabilities.Methods and analysisThirty children aged 10–18 years with a diagnosis of spina bifida or cerebral palsy who are able to set healthy lifestyle goals will be recruited from two children’s rehabilitation hospitals in Ontario, Canada. Participants will be enrolled in the study for twelve months. All participants will receive standard care and printed information about healthy lifestyles. Of the 30 participants, 15 will be randomised to receive a coaching intervention for the first 6 months. Health indicators and psychosocial outcomes will be assessed by blinded assessors four times: at the start of the trial, immediately postintervention (6 months after randomisation), and at 3 and 6 months postintervention (9 and 12 months after randomisation, respectively). Predefined success criteria will be used to assess the feasibility of trial processes such as recruitment, attrition, stratification and intervention fidelity. Acceptability and perceived impact of the intervention will be explored qualitatively.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital’s Research Ethics Board (Ref: 17–752). A knowledge translation planning template will be used to ensure our findings have maximum reach.Trial registration numberNCT03523806.

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