The effect of genistein on lipid levels and LDLR, LXRα and ABCG1 expression in postmenopausal women with hyperlipidemia

Abstract Background This study investigates the effect of genistein (Gen) on the lipid profiles and expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), liver X receptor α (LXRα) and ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) in the plasma macrophages of postmenopausal women with hyperlipidemia in China. Methods This study considered 187 cases, where 160 postmenopausal women had hyperlipidemia. The subjects were divided into placebo group (PG) and experimental group (EG). EG received 60 mg/day of Gen, PG received placebo for 6 months. Body weight, height, waist circumference, body mass index and glucose levels were determined according to standard operating procedures. The triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein-A1 (Apo-A1) and apolipoprotein-B (Apo-B) levels were detected in the plasma macrophages using ELISA. The protein and mRNA expression levels of LDLR, LXRα and ABCG1 were detected by western blot and real-time PCR techniques, respectively. Results Compared to the baseline, Gen effectively lowered TG, TC and LDL-C levels, whereas HDL-C levels as well as the protein and mRNA expression levels of LDLR, LXRα and ABCG1 (p < 0.05) were increased. There was a significant difference in the expression of LDLR protein between the two groups (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of LDLR, LXRα and ABCG1 were significantly increased in the EG compared to the PG. Conclusion Gen effectively modulated the plasma lipid indices. The cholesterol-lowering effects of Gen may be attributed to its regulation on some of the key genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis.

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Association among age, gender, menopausal status and small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041613 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. e041613

Author(s):

Toshihide Izumida ◽

Yosikazu Nakamura ◽

Yukihiro Sato ◽

Shizukiyo Ishikawa

Keyword(s):

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Menopausal Status ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Cross Sectional

ObjectivesSmall dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) might be a better cardiovascular disease (CVD) indicator than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); however, details regarding its epidemiology remain elusive. The present study aimed at evaluating the association between the demographic factors, such as age, gender and menopausal status, and sdLDL-C levels and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio in the Japanese population.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.Setting13 rural districts in Japan, 2010–2017.ParticipantsThis study included 5208 participants (2397 men and 2811 women), who underwent the health mass screening that was conducted in accordance with the medical care system for the elderly and obtained informed consent for this study.ResultsIn total, 517 premenopausal women (mean age ±SD, 45.1±4.2 years), 2294 postmenopausal women (66.5±8.8 years) and 2397 men (64.1±11.2 years) were analysed. In men, the sdLDL-C levels and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio increased during younger adulthood, peaked (36.4 mg/dL, 0.35) at 50–54 years, and then decreased. In women, relatively regular increasing trends of sdLDL-C level and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio until approximately 65 years (32.7 mg/dL, 0.28), followed by a downward or pleated trend. Given the beta value of age, body mass index, fasting glucose and smoking and drinking status by multiple linear regression analysis, standardised sdLDL-C levels and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio in 50-year-old men, premenopausal women and postmenopausal women were 26.6, 22.7 and 27.4 mg/dL and 0.24, 0.15 and 0.23, respectively. The differences between premenopausal and postmenopausal women were significant (p<0.001).ConclusionsSdLDL-C and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratios showed different distributions by age, gender and menopausal status. A subgroup-specific approach would be necessary to implement sdLDL-C for CVD prevention strategies, fully considering age-related trends, gender differences and menopausal status.

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Effects of Age, Gender, and Menopausal Status on Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Fractions; JMS-II Cohort Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34566/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Toshihide Izumida ◽

Yosikazu Nakamura ◽

Yukihiro Sato ◽

Shizukiyo Ishikawa

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Menopausal Status ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Age Related ◽

Effect Of Age

Abstract Background:Small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) might be a better cardiovascular disease (CVD) indicator than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); however, details regarding its epidemiology remain elusive. The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of age, gender, and menopausal status on sdLDL-C levels and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio in the Japanese population.Methods:We examined the baseline cross-sectional data from the Jichi Medical School-II Cohort Study, including 5,208 participants (2,397 men and 2,811 women). To assess age-related trends, the sdLDL-C and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratios were plotted against gender. We evaluated the effect of age and menopausal status using multiple linear regression analysis.Results:We observed that in men, the sdLDL-C levels and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio increased during younger adulthood, peaked at 50–54 years, and then decreased. In women, we observed relatively regular increasing trends of sdLDL-C level and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio until approximately 65 years, followed by a downward or pleated trend. The crossover of sdLDL-C levels for the genders occurred at 70–74 years, but we could not observe any sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio crossover. Standardized sdLDL-C levels and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio in 50-year old men, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women were 26.6, 22.7, and 27.4 mg/dL and 0.24, 0.15, and 0.23, respectively. The differences between premenopausal and postmenopausal women were significant (P<0.001).Conclusions:sdLDL-C and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratios show different distributions by age, gender, and menopausal status with trends different from other lipids. A subgroup-specific approach would be necessary to implement sdLDL-C for CVD prevention strategies, fully considering age-related trends, gender differences, and menopausal status.

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Increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level is associated with non-vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women

Endocrine ◽

10.1007/s12020-014-0292-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 279-286 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Mika Yamauchi ◽

Toru Yamaguchi ◽

Kiyoko Nawata ◽

Ken-ichiro Tanaka ◽

Shin Takaoka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Cholesterol Level ◽

Vertebral Fractures ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol

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Molecular identification and functional analysis of Ctrp9 in Epinephelus coioides

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology ◽

10.1530/jme-16-0171 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 179-191 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Guokun Yang ◽

Chaobin Qin ◽

Bin Wang ◽

Jirong Jia ◽

Xi Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mrna Expression ◽

Mammalian Species ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Expression System ◽

Mrna Level ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Glucose Production ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Epinephelus Coioides ◽

Expression Levels

CTRP9 is a member of the C1q/TNF-related protein (CTRP) superfamily and has been studied in mammals, whereas the comparative studies of CTRP9 in non-mammalian species are still absent. In this study, ctrp9 was isolated and characterized from the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). The full-length cDNA of ctrp9 was 1378 bp in size with an ORF (open reading frame) of 1020 bp that encodes a 339 amino acid pre–pro hormone. The mRNA expression of ctrp9 showed a rather high level in the kidney and brain, but a low level in other tissues. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of ctrp9 decreased significantly in the liver after fasting for 7 days and restored to the normal levels after refeeding. In contrast, the ctrp9 mRNA level increased in the hypothalamus after fasting. The recombinant gCtrp9 (globular Ctrp9) was prepared using the Pichia pastoris expression system and was verified by Western blot as well as mass spectrometry assays. In the primary hepatocytes culture, the recombinant gCtrp9 could inhibit the glucose production after 12-h treatment. After i.p. (intraperitoneal) injection with recombinant gCtrp9, in hypothalamus, mRNA expression levels of npy and orexin (orexigenic factors) decreased, whereas the expression levels of crh and pomc (anorexigenic factors) increased. Moreover, i.p. injection with the recombinant gCtrp9 could reduce the serum concentrations of glucose, TG and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol but increase the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Our studies for the first time unveil the structure of Ctrp9 and its potential role as a regulatory factor of metabolism and food intake in teleost.

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Lectin-like, oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1-deficient mice show resistance to age-related knee osteoarthritis

European Journal of Histochemistry ◽

10.4081/ejh.2017.2762 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kazuhiko Hashimoto ◽

Yutaka Oda ◽

Fumihisa Nakamura ◽

Ryosuke Kakinoki ◽

Masao Akagi

Keyword(s):

Articular Chondrocytes ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Low Density ◽

Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Knee Oa ◽

Age Related ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

The lectin-like, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) receptor-1 (LOX-1)/ox-LDL system contributes to atherosclerosis and may be involved in cartilage degeneration. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the LOX-1/ox-LDL system contributes to age-related osteoarthritis (OA) in vivo, using LOX-1 knockout (LOX-1 KO) mice. Knee cartilage from 6, 12, and 18-month old (n = 10/group) C57Bl/6 wild-type (WT) and LOX-1 KO mice was evaluated by determining the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) score of Safranin-O stained samples. The prevalence of knee OA in both mouse strains was also investigated. Expression levels of LOX-1, ox-LDL, runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2), type-X collagen (COL X), and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) in the articular chondrocytes were analyzed immunohistologically. No significant difference was observed in the mean scores of WT (2.00Â±0.61) and LOX-1 KO mice (2.00Â±0.49) at 6 months of age (P=1.00, n=10). At 12 and 18 months of age, the mean scores of LOX-1 KO mice (3.75Â±0.93 and 5.50Â±0.78) were significantly lower than those of WT mice (5.25Â±1.14 and 9.00Â±1.01; P<0.001 in both cases; n=10). The prevalence of OA in LOX-1 KO mice was lower than that in WT mice at 12 and 18 months of age (40 vs 70%, 70 vs 90%, respectively; n=10). The expression levels of Runx2, COL X, and MMP-13 in articular chondrocytes significantly decreased in LOX-1 KO, mice compared with those in WT mice. The study indicated that the LOX-1/ox-LDL system in chondrocytes plays a role in the pathogenesis of age-related knee OA, which is potentially a target for preventing OA progression.

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Effect of Hyper and Hypothyroidism on Lipid Profile and Liver Function of Male Rats

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.8.4.926-933 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 926-933

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Physiological Saline ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Significant Difference

This study was designed to investigate the effect of thyroid hormone disturbance on lipids profiles and liver functions. Eighteen mature male rats Rattus norvegicus were divided into three groups. The first and the second groups were injected subcutaneously with thyroxine (T4) and carbimazol (both at 600 µg/kg BW) respectively on alternate days, to produce recurrent periods of hyper and hypothyroidism .The control group which is the third group was injected with physiological saline. The process continued 4 weeks, after that, injection, blood specimens were collected to estimate serum levels of T3 and T4, Total cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and Very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were determined in the serum. In addition to that, we measure GOT, GPT and CPK enzymes activity. The results showed no significant difference in body weight and a significant increase (P

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ASSOCIATION OF SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM IN METABOLIC SYNDROME PATIENTSASSOCIATION OF SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM IN METABOLIC SYNDROME PATIENTS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i9.26734 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 188

Author(s):

Jennifer S Suhashini ◽

Savitha G

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tsh Levels

Objectives: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is also the major risk for cardiovascular disease like metabolic syndrome (MetS). Hence, the aim of this study is to assess the association of SCH in MetS patients.Materials and Methods: Ninety patients reporting to Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals were enrolled in the study which includes 40 patients with MetS and 40 healthy individuals. 5 ml of venous blood was collected and centrifuged. Then, it is analyzed for fasting blood sugar, serum triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) using the standard kit method. Then, Free T3, Free T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were estimated by ELISA method. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using the SPSS software.Results: SCH is 20% in cases when compared to 4.4% in controls, which was significant, p=0.024. The biochemical parameters were compared between the study population fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and VLDL cholesterol was statistically significant, with p<0.001. TSH levels showed significant difference between two groups with the p=0.002.Conclusion: MetS patients should be screened for the SCH as an important risk factor in evaluation protocol. Mere correction of TSH levels can reverse the associated morbidity in these patients rather than leaving them untreated pushing them to a state of overt hypothyroidism with its attendant complications.

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