scholarly journals SARS-COV-2 infection outcomes in patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara Ponte Madeira ◽  
Erika Bastos Lima Freire ◽  
Virginia Oliveira Fernandes ◽  
Grayce Ellen da Cruz Paiva Lima ◽  
Ivana da Ponte Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy ◽  
Metabolic Characteristics ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients

Abstract Background A new strain of human coronavirus (HCoV) spread rapidly around the world. Diabetes and obesity are associated with a worse prognosis in these patients. Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy (CGL) patients generally have poorly controlled diabetes and require extremely high doses of insulin. There is no documentation in the literature of cases of COVID in CGL patients. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in CGL patients, and the association of their clinical and metabolic characteristics and outcomes. Methods This is a cross-sectional study carried out between July and October 2020. Clinical data collected were respiratory or other flu-like symptoms, need of hospitalization in the last three months, CGL comorbidities, and medications in use. Cholesterol, triglycerides, glycohemoglobin A1c levels, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and nasopharyngeal swab for RT-qPCR were also obtained in all CGL patients. Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the characteristics of the participants, verifying the non-adherence of the data to the Gaussian distribution. In investigating the association between categorical variables, we used Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Results Twenty-two CGL patients were assessed. Eight subjects (36.4%) had reactive anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Only one of these, also presented detectable RT-qPCR. Five individuals (62.5%) were women, median age of 13.5 years (1 to 37). Symptoms like fever, malaise, nausea, diarrhea and chest pain were present, and all asymptomatic patients were children. All subjects had inadequate metabolic control, with no difference between groups. Among positive individuals there was no difference between those with AGPAT2 (75%) and BSCL2 gene mutations (25%) (p > 0.05). No patient needed hospitalization or died. Conclusions We described a high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in CGL patients with a good outcome in all of them. These findings suggest that at least young CGL patients infected by SARS-COV-2 are not at higher risk of poor outcome, despite known severe metabolic comorbidities.

scholarly journals Association between speech and dental occlusion changes in children with cleft lip and palate and time of primary plastic surgeries

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Ribeiro Schilling ◽  
Maria Cristina de Almeida Freitas Cardoso ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
Marcia Angélica Peter Maahs
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Incisive Foramen

ABSTRACT Purpose: to describe the changes in speech and dental occlusion in children with cleft lip and palate and verify their association with each other and with the time of primary plastic surgeries. Methods: a cross-sectional study with collected data on the subjects’ identification, age at the time of primary surgeries, and clinical assessment of speech and dental occlusion. The chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and t-test were used to verify the associations between the variables at the 5% significance level (p < 0.05). Results: the sample comprised 11 children aged 6 to 10 years, most of whom were males, self-reported white, with trans-incisive foramen cleft, predominantly on the left side. The mean age at lip repair surgery was 6 months, and 13 months at palatoplasty. Among the main dental occlusion changes, posterior and anterior crossbite stood out. All the subjects presented changed speech, with a prevalence of cases with dentoalveolar and palatine deformities, followed by passive and active changes. Subjects with anterior crossbite tended to have undergone primary lip repair surgery at a mean of four months earlier than the subjects without anterior crossbite. Conclusions: the associations between speech and dental occlusion changes, and between these and the time of primary plastic surgeries were not statistically significant. Even though it is known that early lip repair surgery is ideal to favor oral functions and aesthetics, the results revealed a tendency towards anterior crossbite, in these subjects.

scholarly journals Knowledge of medical students about perioperative nutritional care in Bahia, Brazil: a transversal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Fernandes Weyll Pimentel ◽  
Leonardo Castro Dantas Macêdo ◽  
Sérgio Diniz Gonçalves Queiroz Filho ◽  
Pedro Carlos Muniz de Figueiredo ◽  
Magno Conceição das Merces
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Surgical Patient ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Care ◽  
Exact Test

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the medical students’ knowledge about perioperative nutritional care. These students are from public and private academic institutions in the state of Bahia, Brazil. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study to analyze medical students based on an online instrument regarding topics related to perioperative care. For data analysis, absolute and relative frequencies were calculated for categorical variables, and mean and standard deviation were calculated for continuous variables. Fisher's Exact Test and G Test were used to analyze the association. Results: 209 responses were obtained. Regarding the learning on nutritional preparation of the patient submitted to a surgery, 25 (64.9%) students of public institutions and 90 (52.3%) students of private ones reported not knowing or not having been exposed to such knowledge. Regarding the importance of addressing topics related to nutritional therapy (NT), 37 (100%) students from public institutions and 168 (97.7%) from private ones recognize the importance of spreading this knowledge. Unnecessary absolute preoperative fasting, shortening techniques of fasting and bronchoaspiration prevention and reintroduction time of a diet in the postoperative period are unknown to most of the population studied. CONCLUSION: Most students included in this study do not have satisfactory knowledge in NT and for preparing the surgical patient.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic factors associated with pregnant women's level of knowledge about oral health

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wander Barbieri ◽  
Stela Verzinhasse Peres ◽  
Carla de Britto Pereira ◽  
João Peres Neto ◽  
Maria da Luz Rosário de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Health Promotion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate knowledge on oral health and associated sociodemographic factors in pregnant women. Methods A cross-sectional study with a sample of 195 pregnant women seen at the Primary Care Unit Paraisópolis I, in São Paulo (SP), Brazil. For statistical analysis, χ2 or Fisher's exact test and multiple logistic regression were used. A significance level of 5% was used in all analyses. Results Schooling level equal to or greater than 8 years and having one or two children were associated with an adequate knowledge about oral health. Conclusion Oral health promotion strategies during prenatal care should take into account sociodemographic aspects.

scholarly journals Knowledge of pregnant women about anemia is related with adherence to iron tablets

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Baksono Winardi ◽  
Elga Caecaria Grahardika Andani
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Almost All

Objectives: to identify association between knowledge of pregnant women about anemia and the adherence to consume iron tablets in BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, IndonesiaMaterials and Methods: Observational analysis cross sectional study. Population consisted of 55 trimester pregnant women in BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, in March-April 2017. Samples were recruited using consecutive sampling. The number of sample was 35 respondents. Data were analyzed using chi-square test.Results: This research showed that all of the less knowledgeable women on anemia (100.00%) were non-adherent to consume iron tablets, almost all moderately knowledgeable women (92.9%) were adherent, and all of the fully knowledgeable women (100.00%) were adherent. Fisher exact test in significance level of 0.05 revealed p value equal to 0.0001, indicating association between knowledge about anemia and adherence to consume iron tablets at BPM Titik Suharti, Surabaya, Indonesia.Conclusion: There is an association between knowledge of pregnant women about anemia with adherence to iron tablets.

scholarly journals Index of severity of musculoskeletal symptoms in keyboardists

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlene Silva Santos ◽  
Manoel Gomes de Araújo Neto ◽  
Ana Lourdes Avelar Nascimento ◽  
Glícia Lorainne Moreira Silva ◽  
Adriana Sousa Rêgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Introduction: Musicians may present musculoskeletal pain, weakness, numbness, and tingling due to repetitive exercises. Objective: To evaluate the severity index of musculoskeletal symptoms (MS) in keyboard players. Method: A cross-sectional study including volunteers of both sexes, aged between 18 and 40 years, who performed professionally for at least 2 years, played the keyboard for at least 3 hours a week, and did not present previous history of trauma or rheumatic, neurological, and systemic diseases. The MS and its severity index were evaluated using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and the intensity was assessed on a scale of 4. The difference between the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain according to the anatomical region was analyzed using Fisher’s exact test. For all analyses, a significance level of 5% was adopted. This research was conducted after the ethics committee approval (No. 2,627,609). Results: Thirty-nine volunteers with discomfort were evaluated. Pain in the thoracic and lumbar spine in the last 12 months was most common (n = 27, 69.24%; p < 0.031), and in the last seven days, lumbar spine pain occurred in 12 (30.76%; p < 0.001). A severity index of 2 was the most frequent (n = 21, 54%). Conclusion: Keyboardists present with MS mainly in the vertebral column, and the severity of the symptoms is significant, suggesting the importance of prevention and treatment of MS before their onset.

scholarly journals Prevention adopted by healthcare workers within their families in the Covid-19 pandemic

2022 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Rosana Gonçalves de Oliveira Toso ◽  
Bruna Regina Bratti Frank Terre ◽  
Ana Cristina de Oliveira e Silva ◽  
Elucir Gir ◽  
Juliano de Souza Caliari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Hygiene ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Survey Monkey ◽  
Nursing Professionals

Abstract Objective: To identify factors associated with the adoption of non-pharmacological preventive measures against covid-19 by healthcare workers within their families. Method: This is an analytical cross-sectional study carried out from October 1st to December 31st, 2020, with 11,513 healthcare workers in Brazil. Data collection through a virtual questionnaire on the platform Survey Monkey. To characterize the participants, descriptive statistical analysis was used with measures of absolute and relative frequency. Using inferential statistics, independent variables and outcome were compared, with hypothesis tests for association (chi-square, Fisher’s exact test), logistic regression, and Woe analysis. A significance level of 95% was used. Results: Most workers used measures such as hand hygiene, environmental sanitation, food hygiene, use of fabric masks, and physical distancing from family members. The association among variables was significant for the region, especially the South region, female sex, and nursing professionals. Conclusion: Healthcare workers adopt preventive measures against covid-19 within family life, especially the women and nursing professionals, with family isolation being the measure of greatest adherence.

scholarly journals PERCEPTIONS OF UNDERGRADUATE DENTAL STUDENTS AND GRADUATE DENTISTS TOWARDS BEHAVIOURAL GUIDANCE TECHNIQUES IN PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Paediatric Dentistry ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Child Patient

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate perceptions of undergraduate dental students and graduate dentists towards behaviouralguidance techniques in paediatric dentistry. Materials & Methods: 225 subjects with previous experience in treating paediatricpatient were identified and invited to fill up a Likert-style questionnaire with 15 questions in total. The data was evaluated for descriptive analysis and statistical analysis using Pearson’s chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test(significance level, p<0.05). Results: 158 respondents were included in this study. 47.4% think that communication is the most effective non-pharmacological method of behavioural guidance, 62.6% and 45.6% think that tell-show-do is the most practical and most successful behaviour shaping techniques, respectively. 43.7% responded neutral to the use HOME or physical restraints in controlling child patient, 81.0% almost never used HOME method. 87.3% had explained procedures of dental treatment to child patientsduring treatment, 89.2% had used euphemism on the child. 40.5% of child patientssometimes struggled when receiving their treatment. 33.5% required some effort to get their child patient treated. 79.1% had never usedprotective stabilization method. 75.9% think that their working environment is favourable and conducive for child patients. 39.2% think that desensitization is the most effective method to reduce dental fear and anxiety in child patient. 59.5% preferpresence of parents during treatment. 56.35% of frightened cry was most commonly seen clinically. 73.4% would not consider further studies in paediatric dentistry. Conclusion: Generally, the respondents demonstrated satisfactory knowledge and acceptance of various behavioural guidance techniques in paediatric dentistry, but with some deficiencies.

scholarly journals Characterization of self-reported communication disorders in elderly women living in Manaus, state of Amazonas, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Geovanna Moraes Crispim ◽  
Aldo Pacheco Ferreira ◽  
Terezinha Lima Silva ◽  
Euler Esteves Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Frequency Distributions

OBJECTIVES: Characterize self-reported communication disorders highlighting the association between variables of health conditions, socio-demographic factors, lifestyle, hearing loss and diseases in an elderly group. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted from August to December 2012, with 159 women aged 60 or more, recruited at UnATI/UEA (University of the Third Age, University of the State of Amazonas), Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil. The subjects were interviewed and asked for self-reported communications disorders. Descriptive analysis was performed using central tendency and dispersion measures for continuous variables and frequency distributions for categorical variables and the prevalence of self-reported language disorders was estimated. To verify the presence of statistically significant differences it was used χ2, considering the significance level of 5% (p≤0.05). RESULTS: Communication disorders were reported by 8.18% of elderly women. The following deficits were reported: intelligibility (6.92%), oral comprehension (10.69%), lexical access (10.69%), and recent memory (38.36%). Reading and writing difficulties were informed by 5.66% and 6.92%, respectively. Among the illiterate group, 20% declared communication disorders, while the literate group, 8.44%. Statistical association was verified between communication disorders and self-reported hearing loss (p=0.03). Association was not detected between communication disorders and diseases. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the diversity of communication disorders within this population, further studies are needed to assess if changes occur at the aging process and how they work so that possibilities for prevention can be discussed.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Gastrointestinal Shedding in Hospitalized Children

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivy Tam ◽  
Courtney McNamara ◽  
Julie Dunbar ◽  
Katherine O’Connor ◽  
Gonzalo Manzano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
Positive Stool ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Pcr Test

BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a respiratory virus that can cause gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, with studies demonstrating detection of stool viral RNA weeks after respiratory tract clearance. It is unknown if children who test negative for SARS-CoV-2 on a nasopharyngeal (NP) swab may be shedding the virus in their stool. OBJECTIVE: To measure the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 stool shedding in children with positive and negative SARS-CoV-2 NP polymerase chain reactions (PCR) tests, and to determine clinical factors associated with GI shedding. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled hospitalized patients 0 to 21 years old with a positive or a negative SARS-CoV-2 NP PCR test who had respiratory and/or GI symptoms. Participants were surveyed, and stool samples were sent for viral PCR testing. Fisher’s exact test was used to evaluate bivariate associations of stool PCR test positivity with categorical variables. RESULTS: Sixty-seven patients were consented; 34 patients did not provide stool samples so 33 patients were included: 17 NP-positive and 16 NP-negative for SARS-CoV-2. Eight of the 17 NP-positive patients had a positive stool PCR test for SARS-CoV-2, while none of the 16 SARS-CoV-2 NP-negative patients had a positive result (P &lt; .01). For the 17 SARS-CoV-2 NP-positive patients, GI symptoms were associated with a positive stool PCR test (P = .05) for SARS-CoV-2, but this association was not found for all 33 patients (P = .11). No associations were found with patients in an immunocompromised state or those with a comorbid condition, fever and/or chills, respiratory symptoms, headache and/or myalgias, or anosmia and/or ageusia. CONCLUSIONS: SARS-CoV-2 GI shedding is common and associated with GI symptoms in NP-positive children, with 47% having positive stool PCRs for SARS-CoV-2. GI shedding was not demonstrated in SARS-CoV-2 NP-negative children.

scholarly journals Relation between performance in side bridge and injuries in amateur soccer

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-457
Author(s):  
Luiz Antônio Garcia de Souza ◽  
Tissiani Morimoto ◽  
Pâmela von Mühlen ◽  
Tiarlei Crossetti Gonçalves ◽  
Philip dos Santos Felippe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Muscle Imbalance ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Bridge Performance ◽  
Clinical Records

AbstractIntroduction Central instability is associated with insufficient endurance and strength of the stabilizer muscles, and it can lead to muscle imbalance and injuries.Objective Relate side bridge performance with the presence of injuries in amateur soccer athletes.Materials and methods A cross-sectional study with a sample of 188 male athletes, aged between 11 and 17 years. To identify the injuries, a questionnaire developed by researchers was applied and the players’ clinical records were reviewed. The time of the side bridge test was used to identify muscle imbalance. For statistical analysis, the following tests were used: chi-square test; Pearson’s chi-square test; Fisher’s exact test; Yates’s correction for continuity; two-way ANOVA; one-way ANOVA; and t-test. The significance level (α) of 5% was adopted.Results Injuries were reported by 59.6% of the athletes: sprain (31.3%); muscle strain (28.6%) and fracture; luxation and subluxation (19.6%) were the most frequently reported injuries. Athletes that reported any injury corresponded to 73.2% of the sample. The presence of injuries was not associated with muscle imbalance (p = 0.565), as it prevailed in athletes with both balance (64%) and imbalance (58%). Injury type and prevalence were not significant when compared with the presence of imbalance (p > 0.05).Final considerations No significant relation between muscle imbalance and injury was observed in the studied sample.

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