scholarly journals The prevalence of the iutA and ibeA genes in Escherichia coli isolates from severe and non-severe patients with bacteremic acute biliary tract infection is significantly different

Gut Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahoko Ikeda ◽  
Tatsuya Kobayashi ◽  
Fumie Fujimoto ◽  
Yuta Okada ◽  
Yoshimi Higurashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Biliary Tract ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Biliary Tract Infection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Although Escherichia coli is the most frequently isolated microorganism in acute biliary tract infections with bacteremia, data regarding its virulence are limited. Results Information on cases of bacteremia in acute biliary tract infection in a retrospective study was collected from 2013 to 2015 at a tertiary care hospital in Japan. Factors related to the severity of infection were investigated, including patient background, phylogenetic typing, and virulence factors of E. coli, such as adhesion, invasion, toxins, and iron acquisition. In total, 72 E. coli strains were identified in 71 cases, most of which primarily belonged to the B2 phylogroup (68.1%). The presence of the iutA gene (77.3% in the non-severe group, 46.4% in the severe group, P = 0.011) and the ibeA gene (9.1% in the non-severe group, and 35.7% in the severe group, P = 0.012) was significantly associated with the severity of infection. Among the patient characteristics, diabetes mellitus with organ involvement and alkaline phosphatase were different in the severe and non-severe groups. Conclusions We showed that bacteremic E. coli strains from acute biliary tract infections belonged to the virulent (B2) phylogroup. The prevalence of the iutA and ibeA genes between the two groups of bacteremia severity was significantly different.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli virulence factors iutA, an iron acquisition factor, and ibeA, an invasion factor, are related to severity of bacteremic acute biliary tract infections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahoko Ikeda ◽  
Tatsuya Kobayashi ◽  
Fumie Fujimoto ◽  
Yuta Okada ◽  
Yoshimi Higurashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Biliary Tract ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Biliary Tract Infection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract BackgroundAlthough Escherichia coli is the most frequently isolated organism in acute biliary tract infections with bacteremia, data regarding its virulence are limited.ResultsBacteremic acute biliary tract infection cases in a retrospective study were collected from 2013 to 2015 at a tertiary care hospital in Japan. Factors related to the severity of infection were investigated, including patient background, phylogenetic typing, and virulence factors of E. coli, such as adhesion, invasion, toxins, and iron acquisition. In total, 72 E. coli strains were identified in 71 cases, most of which primarily belonged to the phylogenetic B2 group (68%). The presence of IutA (77.3% in the non-severe group, 46.4% in the severe group, P = 0.011) and ibeA (9.1% in the non-severe group, and 35.7% in the severe group, P = 0.012) were significantly associated with severity of infection, whereas patient characteristics did not relate to the severity of infection.ConclusionsWe showed that bacteremic E. coli strains from acute biliary tract infections belonged to a virulent (B2) group. The severity of biliary tract infection depended on iutA and ibeA.

scholarly journals Incidence and Susceptibility of Uropathogens Isolated among the Patients at Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bigu Kumar Chaudhari ◽  
Ganesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Kamal Prasad Parajuli ◽  
Kewal Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Tract Infections

Background Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common infectious diseases which affect almost all ages groups of population. Production of â-lactamases is responsible for antibacterial resistance which is frequently observed in Enterobacteriaceae isolates, particularly by E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. This investigation has been carried out to determine the current status of prevalence and susceptibility of uropathogens isolated among the patients at tertiary care hospital in eastern Nepal.Material and Methods This study was done at the department of Microbiology, Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal during May 1st 2015 to October 31st 2015. Midstream cleancatch urine was sampled from 1730 suspected urinary tract infection patients of different age and sex groups. Uropathogens were recognized in term of standard and specific microbiological techniques and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was determined by Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion method following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.Results Out of 1730 suspected specimens Culture resulted a total of 761 (43.98 %) positive and 969 (56.02%) negative among that significant growths of uropathogens including 700 (91.98 %) unimicrobial and 60 (7.88 %) polymicrobial growths. In term of Gender distribution 443 (25.60 %) were male and 1287 (74.40 %) were female hence the ratio is 0.34:1, respectively. E. coli was the leading isolate (66 %), followed by Klebsiella spp. (12 %), Enterococcus spp. (8 %), Pseudomonas spp. (6 %), Acinetobacter anitratus (5 %), Proteus spp. (3 %).Conclusion The high frequency of multidrug resistance in bacterial uropathogens was seen. Principally, resistance patterns were seen higher for amoxycillin, co-trimoxazole, flouroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins, Existing uropathogens highlights the highest rate of vulnerability to nitrofurantoin, amikacin and gentamicin which provide much better antibiotic coverage and can be adapted for practical treatment of urinary tract infections.  Journal of Nobel Medical College Vol.5(2) 2016; 51-55

scholarly journals Prevalence of microorganisms causing catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) among catheterised patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinoth M. ◽  
Prabagaravarthanan R. ◽  
Bhaskar M.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Indian subjects, affecting all age groups. Bacteriuria orcandiduria is almost inevitable in nearly half of the patients who require an indwelling urinary catheter for more than 5 days. The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of CAUTI infection and to determine their antibiotic profileMethods: The present cross-sectional study included 50 patients admitted to medicine and surgery wards in our hospital. The urine from catheter is collected from each patient and subjected to culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing.Results: The prevalence of catheter associated urinary tract infection in our hospital is about 20% and asymptomatic bacterial colonization is 50% which is nearequal to Danchaivijitr S et al study. The common pathogens found in this study are Escherichia coli (22%), Klebsiella (18%), Enterobacter (8%), Staph. aureus (6%) which include MRSA (4%), Pseudomonas (6%), Enterococcus (4%), Candida sps. (4%) Andproteus (2%).Conclusions: CAUTI has low prevalence 20% and asymptomatic colonisation 50% in our hospital with common pathogen being Escherichia coli. It is one of the important notable pathogen causing nosocomial infection among admitted patients. The patients present mainly as asymptomatic bacterial colonisation and risk of CAUTI increases with longer duration of catheterisation. All patients those who had catheter for more than 6 days, aged 60 and above, should be checked for UTI symptoms. And their urine should be cultured regularly in order to diagnose and prevent CAUTI and its complications which are very dangerous and difficult to treat.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Multidrug Resistance Pattern of E. Coli among Urinary Tract Infection Patients in Tertiary Care Hospital of Multan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Hubza Ruatt Khan ◽  
Mehvish Javeed ◽  
Asghar Javed ◽  
Nisma Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
E Coli

Urinary Tract Infection is alarming problem worldwide due to the intensity of antimicrobial resistance. Escherichia coli is the most predominant organism in UTI. This study was planned to evaluate demographic parameters, the prevalence of E. coli, and antimicrobial resistance patterns among E. coli isolates from UTI patients in Nishtar Hospital of Multan from January to June 2018. A total of 350 mid-stream urine samples were collected from different patients having age group from 25 to 60 years and processed by standard laboratory procedures. Out of 350 samples, 100 samples were observed as critical bacteremia. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia were the most persistent (47 % and 19 % individually) among the Gram-negative pathogens followed by S. aureus (14 %), Enterobacter spp. (11 %) and Candida (9 %) respectively. The incidence of UTI was found higher in 25-35 age groups. The prevalence of UTI with E. coli as an infectious agent was 72 % in females, and 28 % in males. The prevalence of E. coli was more in rural areas (70 %) than in urban areas (26 %). The antimicrobial testing against E. coli showed the highest resistance to amoxicillin (65.9 %) and ciprofloxacin (38.2 %), whereas highly sensitive rate observed against Fosfomycin (FOS) (95.7 %), Gentamicin (GEN) (89.3 %), and Nitrofurantoin (NIT) (85 %) respectively. The increased resistance against ampicillin and ciprofloxacin was observed in Multan have a great emerging problem so there is a need for effective prevention strategies for the E. coli drug resistance and successful surveillance required to be improved.

scholarly journals Comparative Antibiogram of Escherichia Coli Isolated from the Urinary Tract Infection in Patients from Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Nandkishor Bankar ◽  
Dhruba Hari Chandi ◽  
Praful Patil ◽  
Gaurav Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
E Coli

Introduction: UTI occurs when bacteria that live inside intestine find their way into the urinary tract through the urethra. Women are familiar to be a lot of at risk of UTI than men, with a five hundredth probability of a UTI in their life. Aim: The aim of this study was to find the antibiotic resistance pattern in Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infection with commonly found antibiotics among different age and sex groups. Materials and Methods: All positive urine samples for Escherichia coli obtained from patients were included. On the basis of colony morphology and biochemical tests Isolates were identified. The antibiogram profile of the isolates was determined by commonly used antibiotics. Result: In this studied, total 250 patients with UTI of both sexes were included and divided into age group. Samples processed only 250 samples with the growth of E. coli were included in this studied. The isolated E.coli showed more resistant to some degree to all the antibiotics tested.  The greatest resistance was shown against Amoxycillin (15.2% isolated were sensitive) and the least resistance was shown against Imipenem (96.4% isolated were sensitive). Conclusion: The pattern of antibiotic resistance varies from place to place, region to region, and country to country. Antimicrobial resistance should be monitored on a regular basis in both the community and hospital settings.

scholarly journals Iron Acquisition of Urinary Tract Infection Escherichia coli Involves Pathogenicity in Caenorhabditis elegans

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 310
Author(s):  
Masayuki Hashimoto ◽  
Yi-Fen Ma ◽  
Sin-Tian Wang ◽  
Chang-Shi Chen ◽  
Ching-Hao Teng
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
High Throughput Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Tract Infections

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is a major bacterial pathogen that causes urinary tract infections (UTIs). The mouse is an available UTI model for studying the pathogenicity; however, Caenorhabditis elegans represents as an alternative surrogate host with the capacity for high-throughput analysis. Then, we established a simple assay for a UPEC infection model with C. elegans for large-scale screening. A total of 133 clinically isolated E. coli strains, which included UTI-associated and fecal isolates, were applied to demonstrate the simple pathogenicity assay. From the screening, several virulence factors (VFs) involved with iron acquisition (chuA, fyuA, and irp2) were significantly associated with high pathogenicity. We then evaluated whether the VFs in UPEC were involved in the pathogenicity. Mutants of E. coli UTI89 with defective iron acquisition systems were applied to a solid killing assay with C. elegans. As a result, the survival rate of C. elegans fed with the mutants significantly increased compared to when fed with the parent strain. The results demonstrated, the simple assay with C. elegans was useful as a UPEC infectious model. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the involvement of iron acquisition in the pathogenicity of UPEC in a C. elegans model.

scholarly journals Evaluation of ESBL (Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase) Producing Escherichia Coli Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection by Phenotypic and Genotypic Methods

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hasan Namaei ◽  
Hengameh Hamzei ◽  
Marzie Moghanni ◽  
Azadeh Ebrahimzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
M Gene ◽  
Esbl Producer ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infection in the world. E. coli is the predominant Pathogen. This study evaluates the prevalence of ESBL in E. colis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections with phenotypic and genotypic methods.Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was done on 155 isolates of E. coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infection who had received the study consent. After accurate identification of E. coli strains. ESBL production for Escherichia coli isolates which are resistant to ceftriaxone or ceftazidime was evaluated by CDT method. TEM, SHV and CTX-M genes were identified by PCR.Results: The results showed that 30 strains from 155 strains of E. coli had ESBL. Strains of ESBL producer were more in males was lower in educated persons. 38.9% of ESBL producer had antibiotic use, 29.9% -producing Escherichia hospitalization and 31.6% uti history. The highest level of drug allergy in the ESBL was related to nitrofurantoin, and the highest resistance was related to cefazolin, co-trimoxazole. The CTX-M and the CTX-M15 gene were found in 92.7% and 57.1% of cases, respectively; also the SHV and TEM genes were not found in any of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli strains. Most therapeutic response in patients was related to cefexime, ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin 27.4%, 26% 21.9%, respectively.Conclusion: This study showed that the history of antibiotic use, hospitalization, uti related to increase of ESBL-producing in E. coli isolates., the CTMX-M gene is the most common gene in ESBL-producing E. coli strains.

scholarly journals Multidrug-resistant urinary tract isolates of escherichia coli: Frequency and patient demographics in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 335-340
Author(s):  
Salman Azhar ◽  
Muhmmad Wasif Baig ◽  
Shahid Rasool ◽  
Rizwan Rasool Khan ◽  
Talha Munir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a major burden to the health care as it is estimated that around 150 million UTIs occur yearly worldwide. Enterobacteriaceae are the most common agent causing serious urinary tract infections; and MDR cases are increasing day by day. Objectives: To determine the frequency and patient demographics of multidrug resistant urinary tract isolates of Escherichia Coli in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Study Design: Retrospective cross sectional study. Setting: Medicine Department of Madinah Teaching Hospital / The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad. Period: From May 2016 to Sep 2018. Material & Methods: 187 patients of age 15 to 90 years with positive E. coli on urine culture and sensitivity were included in this Retrospective cross sectional study. All those patients with history of dysuria (pain during urination) or frequent urination (more than 7 times per day) were advised urine complete analysis and those with >5 WBCs or pus cells /HPF or having positive for leukocyte esterase and/or nitrite, were advised urine culture and sensitivity. Main outcome variable was the frequency of MDRE cases among the culture positive E. coli UTI patients. Results: Among all the cases of E. coli UTI, frequency of MDRE UTI was 66.8% (n=125) and rest 33.2% (n= 62) cases were not MDR UTI. 97.3% patients were resistant to lactam antibiotics, 95.7% were resistant to quinolones and 68.4% were resistant to aminoglycosides.

scholarly journals ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATE FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTION OF THALASSEMIC PATIENTS IN THI-QAR PROVINCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (28) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Alaa Abood Yasir OKAB ◽  
Manal B SALIH
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Tract Infections

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most common type of pathogen that causes Urinary tract infection disease. It can be presented as a pathogenic or non-pathogenic strain and found not only in the animal but also in the human intestine. This bacterium can cause opportunistic infection when the human host comprised of thalassemia patients or changes the healthy hemostatic flora. This study aimed to analyze the presence of bacteria in thalassemia patients with urinary tract infection. A total of 303 samples were collected during the period from August 2019 to January 2020 from thalassemia patients who suffered from urinary tract infection. The results showed that there were 6.9% of patients infected with E. coli, 2.6% of patients were infected with S. aureus, 0.7% with both Proteus and Klebsiella, while 89.1% of patients had a negative sample for bacteria. Also, the incidence of urinary tract infections in females is higher than in males. Besides, its occurrence in rural areas is higher than in city residents. Moreover, among 16 antibiotics tested to sensitize bacteria to antibiotics, Imipenem showed 100% efficacy on all isolated bacteria. In contrast, Netilmicin showed 80.1% efficacy, Gentamycin 80.1%, and Amikacin 76.2%. Ampicillin, Aztreonam, Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid, Tetracycline, and Ticarcillin-Clavulanic Acid, did not show any effectiveness toward the bacteria while other antibiotics showed different activities. Furthermore, the isolated microbes from thalassemia patients were the highest resistance to antibiotics in comparison with other studies, and this antibiotic-resistant may be due to the weakening of the patient's immune status and frequent blood taking and the antibodies it contains.

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