scholarly journals Influence of land use change on the waterbird community of Sihwa Lake, Republic of Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunjae Lee ◽  
Junghee Sagong ◽  
Yohan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Barren Land ◽  
Waterbird Species ◽  
Increasing Trends

Abstract Background Land use and development alter mudflat and wetland habitat availability, although mudflats and wetlands provide important stopover habitats for shorebirds during the spring and autumn migrations and support communities of ducks and geese during the winter months in the Republic of Korea. This study investigated land use changes around Sihwa Lake (Republic of Korea) and evaluated the effect of these changes on waterbird community characteristics. Methods We conducted a land-use-change analysis at the medium-resolution level using land cover maps for 2001, 2007, 2009, and 2014. Also, a tidal stream survey was conducted in Sihwa Lake and the surrounding reclaimed mudflats every season for 10 years (2003–2012) to identify the seasonal and interannual variations in waterbird species composition. To determine the total annual waterbird species and population counts, species diversity index, and interspecies variations, a TRIM (trends and indices for monitoring data) analysis was used. Results Wetland area decreased more than 10% while agricultural land, barren land, and grassland area increased more than 10% due to continuous reclamation activities around Sihwa Lake. Barren land later turned into agricultural land or other land use. Sixty-three species and 566,623 individuals were recorded. The number of species, population size, and species diversity index by year and by species showed decreasing trends that were more marked in spring and summer. Furthermore, seasonal and annual variations in waterbird species composition showed decreasing trends in dabbling ducks, herons, grebes, and shorebirds but diving ducks displayed increasing trends. In particular, shorebirds were reduced to a greater extent than other waterbird species because of the reduction and simplification of the intertidal zone, and shallow waters caused by reclamation and road construction. Conclusions Increased development and construction around Sihwa Lake has altered migratory shorebird populations with a general decline in species diversity and population size. The greatest decline was observed in wading birds, while diving duck populations showed increasing trends.

scholarly journals Species composition and structure of Angke Kapuk Mangrove Protected Forest, Jakarta, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandita Lintang Rumondang ◽  
CECEP KUSMANA ◽  
SRI WILARSO BUDI
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Species Composition And Structure

Abstract. Rumondang AL, Kusmana C, Budi SW. 2021. Species composition and structure of Angke Kapuk Mangrove Protected Forest, Jakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3863-3871. Angke Kapuk Mangrove Protected Forest (AKMPF) is one of the protected forests in the coastal area of DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. This area is important for the north coast of Jakarta, hence it has function to protect the land from sea abrasion, seawater intrusion, and seawater flooding. This study aims to determine the condition of forest structures and species composition in the Angke Kapuk Mangrove Protected Forest (AKMPF) to obtain useful information for sustainable mangrove forest management. Vegetation data were collected using the sampling unit of transect for tree and line plot for forest regeneration inventories. Those data were analyzed for the density, frequency, dominance, species diversity, and species distribution pattern. The obtained results show that AKMPF consists of 13 mangrove species, including 7 species of true mangrove, 5 species associated mangrove, and 1 species of palm, with the dominant species, are Avicennia marina for tree with its regenerations and Acrostichum aureum for groundcover. Overall, the species diversity index in this area was classified as low category. Mangrove trees in this area have height class between 4-28 meters formed bell-curve, while stem diameter class were between 10.00-69.75 cm formed L-curve. The distribution pattern of species in this areal generally was clumped.

scholarly journals Impact of Land Use Changes on Soil and Vegetation Characteristics in Fereydan, Iran

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanieh Eghdami ◽  
Ghanimat Azhdari ◽  
Philippe Lebailly ◽  
Hossein Azadi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Significant Difference

To understand and manage ecosystem complexity, it is important to determine the relationships between soil characteristics, human activities, and biodiversity. This study analyzes the relationships between vegetation, soil, and man-made damage with regards to land use change in the Fereydan region, Iran. Soil physical properties such as sand and silt content, clay, saturated soil’s moisture content, and gravel percentage as well as chemical properties such as lime content, pH, electro conductivity (EC), and organic matter content were measured. In order to trace these variables, the principle component analysis (PCA) was applied. The study area was divided into three states of conditions; i.e., good condition rangelands, poor condition rangelands, and abandoned rain-fed area. Based on the results there was a significant difference between species diversity in good condition rangelands compared with two other sites. The results further revealed that among soil chemical and physical characteristics, only soil organic matter had a significant difference between different rangeland sites. According to the results, the rangelands with good conditions had the highest amount of organic matter (1.43–1.50%) compared with two other studied rangelands (poor conditions: 1.02–1.09%; abandoned rain-fed: 1.2–1.46%). The most influential factor on the species diversity index was the distance to village parameter that revealed the important role of humans in degrading rangelands and reducing species diversity.

scholarly journals Kajian Ekologi Permudaan Saninten (Castanopsis argentea (Bl.) A.DC.) di Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango, Jawa Barat

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Heriyanto ◽  
Reny Sawitri ◽  
Didi Subandinata
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
National Park ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Dominance Index

<p>The study of population and distribution of saninten (Castanopsis argentea (Bl.) A.DC) seedling was conducted in August 2003 at block Pasarean, Cibodas Resort, Gede Pangrango National Park. The square inventory of 20 plots sizing at 2 x 2 m for seedling level and 20 x 20 m for tree level. Regeneration analysis were laid down at 1,300, 1,400, 1,500, 1,600, and 1,700 m asl. The research showed that the species composition of seedling communities at 1,300 and 1,600 m asl was kileho (Saurauia pendula Bl.), at 1,400 and 1,700 m asl was huru (Litsea sp.) and at 1,500 m asl was nangsi (Villebrunea sp.). The highest density distribution of tree and seedling stage of saninten were at 1,400 m asl which were 18 trees/ha and 833 seedlings/ha with dominance index of 0.06. While the highest of species diversity index occured at 1,300 m asl about 3.34 with 35 invidual species. More over, based on altitudinal sites, the value of index similarity was occured between 1,600 m asl and 1,700 m asl was 65.24%.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Kajian populasi dan penyebaran anakan saninten (Castanopsis argentea (Bl.) A.DC) dilakukan pada Agustus 2003 di blok Pasarean, Resort Cibodas, Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuadrat bujur sangkar 2 x 2 m, sedangkan untuk tingkat pohon hanya jenis saninten. Ukuran petak yang digunakan 20 x 20 m. Petakan untuk semai terletak di salah satu sudut dalam petak untuk pengukuran pohon. Penelitian dilakukan pada ketinggian tempat 1.300, 1.400, 1.500, 1.600, dan 1.700 m, dpl. Petakan dibuat pada setiap ketinggian tempat sebanyak 20 petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis yang mendominasi komunitas tumbuhan tingkat semai adalah kileho (Saurauia pendula Bl.) yang mendominasi pada ketinggian 1.300 dan 1.600 m dpl, huru (Litsea sp.) mendominasi semai pada ketinggian 1.400 dan 1.700 m dpl, dan nangsi (Villebrunea sp.) mendominasi semai pada ketinggian 1.500 m dpl. Penyebaran terluas pohon dan semai saninten pada ketinggian tempat 1.400 m dpl, yaitu 18 pohon dan 833 anakan/ha. Nilai dominansi tertinggi tingkat semai dimiliki oleh ketinggian tempat 1.400 m dpl dengan indeks dominansi 0,06. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman jenis tertinggi dimiliki oleh ketinggian tempat 1.300 m dpl yang mempunyai keanekaragaman jenis sebesar 3,34 dengan 37 jenis individu. Nilai kesamaan komunitas (IS) tertinggi komunitas semai terdapat antara ketinggian tempat 1.600 dan 1.700 m dpl sebesar 65,24%.</p>

Carabidae of Barnaul city parks: ecological characteristics and species composition

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-353
Author(s):  
E. A. Kuchina ◽  
N. D. Ovcharenko ◽  
L. D. Vasileva
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Steppe Species

<p>Anthropogenic impact on the population of ground beetles leads to a change in their numbers, structure of dominance, density, species composition, spectrum of life forms. This makes the beetles Carabidae a convenient and informative bioindicator of the ecological state of biocenoses. The material for this work was the Carabidae collections conducted in June-August 2016-2017 in the park zone of different regions of Barnaul, differing in location, area, hydrological regime, vegetation cover, purpose and anthropogenic load. When processing the material, the quantitative, species and generic composition of the carabidae was determined, calculations were made for such indicators as the Berger-Parker dominance index, the Shannon species diversity index (Hs), and the Jacquard species similarity index. The fauna (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of the park zone of Barnaul is represented by 55 species belonging to 20 genera. The dominant group is represented by species belonging to steppe, forest and polyzonal groups. Forest-steppe species of ground beetles as dominants have not been identified in any of the investigated territories. The greatest variety of ecological groups was noted on the territory of the Yubileyny рark, which is explained by the presence of zones with various microclimatic conditions, the presence of a birch grove that flows through the park with the Pivovarka River, and a wide log in the park. Registered species belong to eight groups of life forms belonging to two classes - zoophagous and myxophytophagous. On the numerical and species abundance, zoophages predominate. The spectrum of life forms corresponds to the zonal spectrum characteristic of the forest-steppe zone.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Carbon stocks of homestead forests have a mitigation potential to climate change in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarit Kumar Baul ◽  
Tajkera Akhter Peuly ◽  
Rajasree Nandi ◽  
Lars Holger Schmidt ◽  
Shyamal Karmakar
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
Homestead Forests ◽  
C Stock ◽  
Low Altitude

AbstractA total of 176 homestead forests at three altitudes in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh were randomly surveyed to estimate carbon (C) stocks and how stand structure affects the biomass C. All woody vegetations were measured, and litter and soil (0–30 cm depth) were sampled. The tree biomass C stock in the top two altitude forests was up to 37–48% higher than in low altitude, owing to significantly higher tree density and species diversity. An increase in species diversity index by one unit increased the biomass stock by 23 Mg C ha−1. The C stock of litterfall in low altitude forests was 22–28% higher than in the top two altitude due to the deposition of litters downslope and deliberate use of mulch for soil improvement and conservation, resulting in up to 5% higher total soil C. The topsoil C was 10–25% higher than the deeper soil, depending on the altitude. The forest stored 89 Mg C ha−1, indicating a potential for C sequestration in trees outside forest. This study would help policymakers to strengthen the recognition of small-scale forests for mitigation in REDD + (reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks) and support owners through C credits from sustainably managed forests.

scholarly journals Effects of grazing on plant species diversity and above ground biomass in a Trans- Himalayan Rangeland

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Pokharel ◽  
Madhu Chhetri ◽  
Chiranjibi P Upadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Grazing Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Palatable Species

Limited information is available on the species composition, above ground biomass and its relations to grazing in a trans-Himalayan rangeland. Its assessment is essential for long term conservation and management. In the present study, we compared species composition, phenology, diversity index and biomass between controlled (without grazing) and open (free grazing) plots to assess the effects of grazing in the selected experimental sites of Upper Mustang during July and November 2005. Species encountered were classified as high, medium, low and non palatable and in three life form categories-grasses, shrubs and forbs. The experimental sites are dominated by forbs (80%) followed by grasses (15%) and shrubs (5%). Disturbance caused by grazing affects the phenological characteristics of the plant community. Result also reveals that species diversity, maximum possible diversity, evenness and species richness was higher in the grazed plots during July and November. A comparison of the aboveground biomass in July showed that mean percentage biomass of high, medium and low palatable species is higher in ungrazed plots. In November, the percentage biomass of only medium palatable species was higher in ungrazed plots and rest of the category is higher in grazed plots. Significant difference in July, a peak growing seasons for most of the plant species in the region reveals that the pasture has impact of livestock grazing. Keywords: Biomass, diversity, grazing effect, rangeland, species Banko Janakari: A journal of forestry information for Nepal Vol.17(1) 2007 pp.25-31

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS ANGGREK ALAM (Orchidaceae) BERDASARKAN KETINGGIAN TEMPAT DI GUNUNG POTENG CAGAR ALAM RAYA PASI KOTA SINGKAWANG PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novita Putri Sesar ◽  
Iskandar A M ◽  
Togar Fernando Manurung
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Medium Range

Natural orchids are one of the flora in Mount Poteng which is included of Raya Pasi Nature Reserve located at Singkawang City, West Kalimantan Province. Orchids have economic value for source of income and be beneficial to ecology that needs to be protected. The altitudes and environmental factors strongly affected the presence of orchid species.The research aims to record the diversity of natural orchids species based on the altitudes place in Mount Poteng. The research was conducted on February 28 until March 28, 2020. This research uses survey method. The research sample was taken using double plots method and to determine sample plots locations is conducted by purposive. The total number of the sample plots is 16 plots and each plot measure 20 by 50 meters. Based on the result of research found 19 species of natural orchids that consist of 348 individuals. The results analysis of the diversity index of orchid species in whole of altitudes at Mount Poteng is 1,338 that is included medium range. The highest species diversity index of 1,300 occurred at altitude of 400-500 m asl and the lowest species diversity index at altitude of 700-725 m asl that is 0,594. Orchid species which found in whole of altitudes is Dendrobium crumenatum. Furthermor, there were found the orchid species on certain heights are Cleisostoma scortechinii, Cordiglottis filiformis, Ludisia discolor, and Phalaenopsis pantherina at altitude of 400-500 m asl and species of Bromheadia finlaysoniana and Pomatocalpa latifolia found at altitude of 700-725 m asl.Keywords: altitudes, mount poteng, orchids, species diversity

scholarly journals Keanekaragaman Pari Hasil Tangkapan Nelayan di TPI Karangantu Banten

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-266
Author(s):  
Erreull Isyhadu Putri ◽  
◽  
Dinda Rizqi ◽  
Fenia Alya ◽  
Tia Azizah
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Interview Method

This study aims to determine the diversity of rays caught by fishermen in TPI Karangantu Banten. This research uses interview method and literature review. The discussion of the observations includes classification, habitat, characteristics, and conservation status. The results of this study indicate that there is a diversity of rays, namely the results of the families obtained from the observations are Rhinopteridae, Dasyatidae, and Gymnuridae). From the results of the calculation of the species diversity index using the Shannon Wiener formula, it is included in the medium category. This diversity can be used as knowledge and inventory for biodiversity, especially the chondrichthyes class in TPI Karangantu, Serang, Banten.

scholarly journals Phytoplankton Community Investigation and Water Quality Assessment of M River in winter in Shijiazhuang City

2021 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 01035
Author(s):  
Ziqi Zhang ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
Dongxu Han ◽  
Hongyan Shen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Eutrophic Water ◽  
Evenness Index

An investigation of phytoplankton community and water quality for M River was conducted in December 2019.The results showed that 38 species of phytoplankton belonging to 6 phyla and 26 genera were collected. Among them, Bacillariophyta is the richest species, which accounted for 34.21%, followed by Cyanophyta with 26.32% and Chlorophyta with 28.95%. The density of phytoplankton was 63.0*106 inds/L which indicated as eutrophic water body. The highest density was Bacillariophyta, accounting for 51.03%. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’) varied from 1.34 to 2.24, the Margalef Species diversity index (d) varied from 2.71 to 3.85, and the Pielou evenness index (J) varied from 0.38 to 0.67. According to the integrative analysis results of H’, d and J, M River water quality belongs to oligo-polluted, but individual sites belong to meso-polluted.

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