scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 on the injury pattern for maxillofacial fracture in Daegu city, South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Woo Lee ◽  
So-Young Choi ◽  
Jin-wook Kim ◽  
Tae-Geon Kwon ◽  
Sung-Tak Lee
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Injury Pattern ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Maxillofacial Fracture ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures ◽  
National University ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background This study aimed to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on oral and maxillofacial fracture in Daegu by comparing the demographic data in 2019 and 2020, retrospectively. We collected data from all patients having trauma who visited the emergency room for oral and maxillofacial fractures. Methods This retrospective study was based on chart review of patients who visited the emergency department of Kyungpook National University Hospital in Daegu, South Korea from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020. We conducted a comparative study for patients who presented with maxillofacial fractures with occlusal instability during pre-COVID-19 era (2019) and COVID-19 era (2000) with demographics and pattern of injuries. Results After the outbreak of COVID-19, the number of monthly oral and maxillofacial fractures, especially sports-related oral and maxillofacial fractures, decreased significantly. Also, the number of alcohol-related fractures increased significantly. In addition, as the number of monthly confirmed cases of COVID-19 increases, the incidence of fracture among these cases tends to decrease. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the daily life in Korea. Identifying the characteristics of patients having trauma can provide a good lead to understand this long-lasting infectious disease and prepare for future outbreaks.

scholarly journals A Suggestion from South Korea for Treatment of Mild or Asymptomatic COVID-19 Infected Patients: Living and Treatment Support Center

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Young Lee ◽  
EunKyo Kang ◽  
Yon Su Kim ◽  
BeLong Cho ◽  
Min Sun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Monitoring Centre ◽  
National University ◽  
Treatment Support ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Seoul National University

With the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), there is a need for efficient management of patients with mild or no symptoms, which account for the majority. The aim of this study is to introduce the structure and operation protocol of a living and treatment support centre (LTSC) operated by Seoul National University Hospital in South Korea. The existing accommodation facility was converted into a 'patient centre' where patients was isolated. A few Medical staff here performed medical tests and responded to emergencies. Another part of the LTSC was 'remote monitoring centre'. In this center, patients’ self-measured vital signs and symptoms were monitored twice a day, and the medical staff staying here provided video-consultation via a smartphone. During the 3 weeks from March 5 to March 26, 2020, 113 patients were admitted and treated. LTSC could be an efficient alternative to hospital admission in pandemic situation like COVID-19.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 on orthopaedic trauma: A retrospective comparative study from a single university hospital in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Andreozzi ◽  
Fabio Marzilli ◽  
Mario Muselli ◽  
Leonardo Previ ◽  
Matteo Romano Cantagalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Injury Type ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Mode Of Transportation ◽  
Retrospective Comparative Study ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 outbreak strongly affected Italy, putting a strain on the National healthcare system. Hospitals quickly reorganized the activity to cope with the emergency. This retrospective comparative study aimed to analyze the impact of the lockdown imposed in Italy during the COVID-19 outbreak on acute orthopedic trauma, in order to identify critical issues for improvement and future planning. We collected data on all the trauma admissions to a single University hospital DEA (Department of Emergency and Acceptance) in Rome during the COVID- 19 pandemic lockdown in Italy, comparing them with the corresponding period in 2019. We reported demographic data; the characteristics of the injury, including the anatomical location, fracture, sprain, dislocation, contusion, laceration, whether the injury site was exposed or closed, where the injury occurred, and polytrauma. We also recorded the waiting time in the emergency room and mode of transportation. The study sample was composed of 1199 patients, 636 (53.04%) males and 563 (46.96%) females. The overall number of admissions in 2019 (pre-COVID-19 period) was 995; then it was 204 during COVID-19 outbreak in 2020. The average age of the 2020 group was 51.9 ± 24.8 years, significantly higher than that of the 2019 group (41.4 ± 25.7) (p<0.0001). In particular, elderly patients (≥65 years) were the most commonly involved in the COVID-19 group, while in the pre- COVID-19 period they were middle-aged adults (15-44 years) (p<0.0001). The injury occurred at home in 65.7% of cases in the 2020 group, and in 32.3% of patients in the 2019 group. Concerning the injury type, in both groups, the most common injury was a fracture (45.1% in 2019; 62.7% in 2020) (p<0.0001). The most injured anatomical location during COVID-19 lockdown was the hand (14.2%), while in the pre-COVID- 19 group the most frequent injury type was polytrauma (22.8%). Despite the decrease of overall acute trauma referral rates during the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy, the incidence of fractures in elderly individuals remained stable, indicating that not all trauma presentations would necessarily decrease during such times.

Providing Reassurance and Affirmation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. DiMoia
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
South Korea ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
South Korean ◽  
National University ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Seoul National University ◽  
Voluntary Program

This chapter looks at the voluntary vasectomy campaigns headed by Dr. Lee Hui-Yong at Seoul National University hospital, concurrent with ongoing family planning campaigns for much of the 1960s and 1970s. In particular, the surgery was first tested on a range of civilian subjects before becoming specifically attached to the Home Reserve Army (Yebigun), a body created in the late 1960s in the aftermath of a North Korean incursion and direct assault on the Blue House, or presidential residence. In a wonderful bit of irony, the hyper-masculinist rhetoric of the period asked South Korean males to stand for the nation, to father children and nurture them, and at the same time, to curb their reproductive urges after a proscribed number of children. Carrying into the 1970s, reservists received additional incentives (access to apartments, education for children, reduced reserve periods) for compliance with the “voluntary program. The logic and zeal of the program was such that numbers continued to peak into the 1980s and early 1990s, even as South Korea underwent democratization and the transition to pro-natal initiatives.

Implication of Faster Neutrophil and Lymphocyte Recovery after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (SCT) in Children with Leukemia

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 4357-4357
Author(s):  
Dong Kyun Han ◽  
Hee Jo Baek ◽  
Ju Hee Yoo ◽  
Tai Ju Hwang ◽  
Hoon Kook
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Relapse Rate ◽  
Absolute Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Neutrophil Recovery ◽  
National University ◽  
D 20 ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The repopulating neutrophils and lymphocytes after allogeneic SCT have an important role, not only on the prevention of serious infections in the early transplantation period, but on killing the residual leukemic cells by graft versus leukemia (GVL) effect. Previous studies have suggested that earlier neutrophil recovery was associated with less infections and better survival, while earlier lymphocyte recovery was associated with a lower relapse and a better survival in adult patients. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of neutrophil and lymphocyte recovery after SCT on predicting the survival, relapse, and GvHD in children with hematologic malignancies. We retrospectively evaluated 69 children transplanted for ALL (n=34: CR1, 22; CR2, 10; &gt; CR2, 2), AML (n=26: CR1, 19; secondary AML, 4; &gt; CR1, 3), chronic leukemia (n=7: CML, 6; CEL, 1) and JMML (n=2) at the Chonnam National University Hospital between Jan. 1996 and Mar. 2008. Conditioning regimes were TBI-based (n=41), and non-TBI based (n=28). Stem cell sources were: BM (n=46), PBSCs (n=10), UCB (n = 12), and BM + PB (n=1). Matched sibling donor was used in 26, while unrelated donors in 43. Three AML patients who received the 2nd allogeneic SCTs following autotransplants were included. The patients were grouped according to the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) at D+21 and D+30. The best discriminating cutoff values for ANC and ALC were 1,000/μL and 500/μL, respectively. The groups were: Low ANC at D+21 (LNC21, n=25) vs. High ANC at D+21 (HNC21, n=44); Low ANC at D+30 (LNC30, n=15) vs. High ANC at D+30 (HNC30, n=54); Low ALC at D+21 (LLC21, n=28) vs. High ALC at D+21 (HLC21, n=41); Low ALC at D+30 (LLC30, n=19) vs. High ALC at D+30 (HLC30, n=50). The patients were 41 males and 28 females. The median age at transplant was 7.1 years (range, 0.4–18). The median day of neutrophil engraftment (≥ 1,000/μL) was D+21 for LLC21 vs. D+16 for HLC21 (P =.001); and D+20 for LLC30 vs. D+17 for HLC30 (P =.02), respectively. The median day of platelet engraftment (≥ 20,000/μL) was D+38 for LLC21 vs. D+19 for HLC21 (P =.04); and D+40 for LLC30 vs. D+22 for HLC30 (P =.07), respectively. The HNC21 and HNC30 group showed a better survival than LNC 21 and LNC30 group, but statistically not significant (69% vs. 58%; 67% vs. 59%, respectively). The HLC30 group exhibited a better 5 year overall survival (71% vs. 53%, P =. 04) and event free survival (72% vs 53%, P =. 06) than LLC30 group. The LNC21 group was associated with a high incidence of aGvHD (36% vs. 14%, P =. 03), but the incidence of Gr II-IV aGvHD and cGvHD was not different by the ALC counts. Relapse rate was not different between ANC and ALC groups. Six of 15 (40%) in LNC30 and 15 of 54 (28%) in HNC30 died, while 9 of 19 (47.4%) in LLC30 and 12 of 50 (24%) in HLC30 died (P = NS). In this study, we found that lymphocyte recovery ≥ 500/μL on D+30 was associated with better survival, faster myeloid and platelet engraftment without increasing the incidence of GvHD or mortality. Also faster neutrophil recovery ≥ 1,000/μL on D+21 was associated with a lower incidence of aGvHD. However, faster lymphocyte recovery was not translated into decreased relapse rate. Further studies incorporating larger number of cases and longer follow-up are warranted in children with leukemias.

scholarly journals Tinnitus and Otosclerosis: An Exploratory Study about the Prevalence, Features and Impact in Daily Life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Fontes Lima ◽  
Filipa Carvalho Moreira ◽  
Isabel Esteves Costa ◽  
Catia Azevedo ◽  
Fernando Mar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Tinnitus is experienced by a significant part of the patients suffering from otosclerosis. Objective To assess the prevalence of tinnitus in otosclerosis, its main features, and the impact on the daily life. Methods Patients diagnosed with otosclerosis in 2019 in a tertiary hospital were enrolled in the study. Demographic data were retrieved and, besides a regular audiometric evaluation, the patients underwent acuphenometry to assess the psychoacoustic measurements (pitch and loudness), and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). Results In total, 66 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria, with a female predominance (63.6%; n = 42), and a mean age of 48.7 years. The mean air-bone gap was of 26.3 dB. A total of 72.7% complained of tinnitus; it was mostly unilateral, identified in the low frequencies, namely 500 Hz, with median loudness of 7.5 dB. The median score on the THI score was of 37; most patients had a mild handicap (33.3%, n = 16), followed by those with a severe handicap (22.9%; n = 11). The female gender had a statistically significant association with the presence of tinnitus. The THI scores were higher in middle-aged patients (age groups: 40 to 49 and 50 to 59 years), which was statistically significant. No correlation was found between audiometry results and the prevalence of tinnitus or score on the THI. On the other hand, high-pitched tinnitus, compared to low pitched-tinnitus, was associated with larger air-bone gaps. Conclusion The prevalence of tinnitus in our population was in line with the prevalences reported in the literature. It caused a catastrophic handicap in 22.9% of the patients. High-pitched tinnitus was associated with higher handicap. Nonetheless, the existence of tinnitus and its severity were not associated with the degree of hearing loss.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Chronic Pain, Treatments, Perception, and Interference on Life Activities: Brazilian Population-Based Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Barcellos de Souza ◽  
Eduardo Grossmann ◽  
Dirce Maria Navas Perissinotti ◽  
Jose Oswaldo de Oliveira Junior ◽  
Paulo Renato Barreiros da Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Population Based Survey

Background and Objectives. Chronic pain affects between 30% and 50% of the world population. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of chronic pain in Brazil, describe and compare differences between pain types and characteristics, and identify the types of therapies adopted and the impact of pain on daily life. Methods. Cross-sectional study of a population-based survey with randomized sample from a private database. The interviews were conducted by phone. 78% of the respondents aged 18 years or more agreed to be interviewed, for a total of 723 respondents distributed throughout the country. Independent variables were demographic data, pain and treatment characteristics, and impact of pain on daily life. Comparative and associative statistical analyses were conducted to select variables for nonhierarchical logistic regression. Results. Chronic pain prevalence was 39% and mean age was 41 years with predominance of females (56%). We found higher prevalence of chronic pain in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Pain treatment was not specific to gender. Dissatisfaction with chronic pain management was reported by 49% of participants. Conclusion. 39% of interviewed participants reported chronic pain, with prevalence of females. Gender-associated differences were found in intensity perception and interference of pain on daily life activities.

scholarly journals Impact of early-onset seizures on grading and outcome in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage

2015 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Fung ◽  
Mathias Balmer ◽  
Michael Murek ◽  
Werner J. Z'Graggen ◽  
Janine Abu-Isa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Federation ◽  
Poor Grade ◽  
Good Outcome ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
The Impact

OBJECT After subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), seizure occurs in up to 26% of patients. The impact of seizure on outcome has been studied, yet its impact on grading is unknown. The authors evaluated the impact of early-onset seizures (EOS) on grading of spontaneous SAH and on outcome. METHODS This retrospective analysis included consecutive patients with SAH who were treated at the NeuroCenter, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland, between January 2005 and December 2010. Demographic data, clinical data, and reports of EOS were recorded. The EOS were defined as seizures occurring within 24 hours after ictus. Patients were graded according to the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) scale pre- and postresuscitation and dichotomized into good (WFNS I–III) and poor (WFNS IV–V) grades. Outcome was assessed at 6 months by using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS); an mRS score of 0–3 was considered a good outcome and an mRS score of 4–6 was considered a poor outcome. RESULTS Forty-one of 425 patients with SAH had EOS. Twenty-seven of those 41 patients (65.9%) had a poor WFNS grade. Twenty-eight (68.3%) achieved a good outcome, 11 (26.8%) had a poor outcome, and 2 (4.9%) were lost to followup. Early-onset seizures were proven in 9 of 16 electroencephalograms. The EOS were associated with poor WFNS grade (OR 2.81, 97.5% CI 1.14–7.46; p = 0.03) and good outcome (OR 4.01, 97.5% CI 1.63–10.53; p = 0.03). Increasing age, hydrocephalus, intracerebral hemorrhage, and intraventricular hemorrhage were associated with poor WFNS grade, whereas only age, intracerebral hemorrhage (p < 0.001), and poor WFNS grade (p < 0.001) were associated with poor outcome. CONCLUSIONS Patients with EOS were classified significantly more often in a poor grade initially, but then they significantly more often achieved a good outcome. The authors conclude that EOS can negatively influence grading. This might influence decision making for the care of patients with SAH, so grading of patients with EOS should be interpreted with caution.

scholarly journals Onychomycosis in Northwestern Greece over a 7-Year Period

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 851
Author(s):  
Hercules Sakkas ◽  
Christos Kittas ◽  
Georgia Kapnisi ◽  
Efthalia Priavali ◽  
Amalia Kallinteri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
The University ◽  
Northwestern Greece ◽  
The Impact

Onychomycosis is considered as one of the major public health problems with a global distribution associated with geographic, demographic and environmental factors, underlying comorbidities and immunodeficiency disorders. This study was conducted to investigate the etiological agents of onychomycosis, in Northwestern Greece during a 7-year period. The study population included 1095 outpatients with clinically suspected onychomycosis that presented to the University Hospital of Ioannina, NW Greece (2011–2017). Samples were examined for causative fungi, and mycological identification was established using standard mycological methods. Demographic data of each patient, comorbidities, localization of infection and history of previous fungal infection were collected. Onychomycosis was diagnosed in 317 of the 1095 suspected cases (28.9%) and the most frequently isolated pathogens were yeasts (50.8%) followed by dermatophytes (36.9%) and non-dermatophyte molds (NDMs) (12.3%). Dermatophytes were mostly involved in toenail onychomycosis (90.6%) and more commonly affected males than females (57.3% vs. 42.7%), while the predominantly isolated pathogen was Τrichophyton rubrum (74.4%) followed by Τrichophyton interdigitale (21.4%). Candida albicans was the most prevalent isolated yeast (82%), whereas among the cases with onychomycosis due to NDMs, Aspergillus spp. were isolated as the principal species (59%). Continuous monitoring should be performed in order to identify possible trends and shifts in species isolation rates and to evaluate the impact of onychomycosis among the general population and high-risk groups.

scholarly journals Clinical Implications of Size of Cavities in Patients With Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease: A Single-Center Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Rin Kang ◽  
Eui Jin Hwang ◽  
Sung A Kim ◽  
Sun Mi Choi ◽  
Jinwoo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
National University ◽  
Seoul National University ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The presence of cavities is associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD). However, little is known about the characteristics of such cavities and their impact on clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the size of cavities and their implications on treatment outcomes and mortality in patients with NTM-PD. Methods We included patients diagnosed with NTM-PD at Seoul National University Hospital between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2018. We measured the size of cavities on chest computed tomography scans performed at the time of diagnosis and used multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis to investigate the impact of these measurements on treatment outcomes and mortality. Results The study cohort comprised 421 patients (noncavitary, n = 329; cavitary, n = 92) with NTM-PD. During a median follow-up period of 49 months, 118 (35.9%) of the 329 patients with noncavitary and 64 (69.6%) of the 92 patients with cavitary NTM-PD received antibiotic treatment. Cavities &gt;2 cm were associated with worse treatment outcomes (adjusted odds ratio, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.17–0.96) and higher mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.09–5.84), while there was no difference in treatment outcomes or mortality between patients with cavities ≤2 cm and patients with noncavitary NTM-PD. Conclusions Clinical outcomes are different according to the size of cavities in patients with cavitary NTM-PD; thus, the measurement of the size of cavities could help in making clinical decisions.

scholarly journals P459 The impact of latent cytomegalovirus infection on the disease behaviour in patients with ulcerative colitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S408-S409
Author(s):  
P Långvall ◽  
C Shi ◽  
P Karling
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Faecal Calprotectin ◽  
Systemic Steroids ◽  
Medical Chart Review ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has been associated with steroid-refractory disease and risk for colectomy in patients with Ulcerative Colitis (UC). We aimed to study if patients with latent CMV infection more often needed systemic steroids, immunomodulators, biologics and surgery than patients negative for CMV infection. Methods From the national IBD register (SWIBREG) all patients with UC (n = 404) treated at Umeå University Hospital in Sweden, and who were tested for CMV infection were included. A latent CMV infection was defined if a patient had at least one positive serology and/or a positive PCR for CMV. A retrospectively medical chart review between the years 2006 and 2019 was performed to check for medical therapy and surgery due to UC. Results One hundred and thirty-one patients (32%) had at least on one occasion been tested for CMV infection and of these patients, 88 (67%) had evidence of a latent CMV infection. There were no differences in the use of systemic steroids, in the use of immunomodulators/biologics or in colectomy rate between patients with latent CMV infection and patients with no infection (table). There were no differences between patients with latent CMV infection vs. no infection in median faecal calprotectin (FC) levels the first five years after diagnosis (302 vs. 457 µg/g; p = 0.301) or at the last recorded FC test (62 vs. 82 µg/g; p = 0.317). Conclusion Patients with latent CMV infection do not differ from CMV negative patients in the use of medical therapy for UC nor in colectomy rate.

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