scholarly journals Epidemiology of isolated foot burns in children presenting to a Queensland paediatric burns centre— a two-year study in warmer climate

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Ngu ◽  
Bhaveshkumar Patel ◽  
Craig McBride
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Skin Grafting ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
European Studies ◽  
Chemical Burns ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Paediatric Burns ◽  
Scar Management ◽  
Parametric Analyses

Abstract Background European studies of paediatric foot burns report scalds as the leading cause. Mechanisms of injury are different in warmer climates. We sought to characterize the mechanisms and outcomes of isolated foot burns in our population. Methods Retrospective review of a prospectively collected database of all children aged 0–15 years presenting to a Queensland paediatric burns centre over a 26-month period. Non-parametric analyses such as the Mann-Whitney U and Pearson Chi-square were used. Results There were 218 children with foot burns treated over a period of 2 years and 2 months of which 214 had complete records. There were significantly more boys than girls (n = 134, 62.6% cf. n = 80, 37.4%, p < 0.0001). The leading mechanism of injury was a contact burn accounting for 63.1% (n = 135) followed by scalds (23.8%, n = 51). Friction, flame and chemical burns were a minority but were significantly deeper (p = 0.03) and significantly more likely to require grafting (p = 0.04) and scar management (p < 0.0001) compared to contact and scald burns. Conclusions In our population, contact burns are the most common mechanism of injury causing burns to the feet. The leading aetiology is campfire burns, which account for one-third of all burns to the feet. Prevention campaigns targeted at this population could significantly reduce the burden of morbidity from these burns. Friction, flame and chemical burns constitute a minority of patients but are deeper and more likely to require skin grafting and scar management.

Traumatic Spinal Injuries in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Single-center Medical Record Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alsabieh
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Spinal Injuries ◽  
Medical Record Review ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Record Review

Introduction: The aim of this retrospective medical record review was to describe the patterns and outcomes of traumatic spinal injuries (TSIs) in a tertiary care trauma center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: Data of all patients who presented at a setting level-1 trauma center with any type of spinal trauma between February 1, 2016 and December 31, 2018 were review. The data obtained included age, gender, nationality (as Saudi and non-Saudi), date of presentation, site of fracture/injury, associated injuries, mechanism of injury, presence of neurological involvement, and hospital mortality. The main outcome of the review was frequencies of different types of TSI across various subgroups. Result: We identified 692 patients who presented with TSI during the study period. The mean age was 36.9 years. Males represented 83.2% (n = 576) of the sample size, and the most common mechanism of injury was motor vehicle collision (MVC), accounting for 66.8% of the cases (n = 462), while fall-related injuries were seen in 31.6% of the cases (n = 219). A total of 454 (65.6%) of all patients were Saudi, and 332 (73.1%) of the TSIs in Saudis were due to MVC. Non-Saudi cases accounted for 238 (34.4%) of all patients, and 89 (37.4%) of the non-Saudi injuries were due to falls from height, this association was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: TSI was not thoroughly examined in Saudi Arabia; therefore, this study is considered the first to be done in the Kingdom using a representative sample. The fact that non-Saudi patients had a higher proportion of falls as a mechanism of injury should be taken into consideration in terms of raising awareness and taking more safety precautions, as most construction workers tend to be expatriates.

Acute Compartment Syndrome of Upper Extremities with Tendon Ruptures

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 411-415
Author(s):  
Taku Suzuki ◽  
Eiko Yamabe ◽  
Takuji Iwamoto ◽  
Katsuji Suzuki ◽  
Harumoto Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Soft Tissue Injury ◽  
Skin Grafting ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Acute Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Sensory Disturbances

Background: It is well known that acute compartment syndrome is associated with fracture of the forearm, while involvement of soft tissue injury including musculotendinous injury remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the soft tissue involvement, including musculotendinous ruptures, in acute compartment syndrome of the upper limb. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 16 patients who underwent surgical treatment for acute compartment syndrome of the upper extremity. The average age of the patients was 47 years (range, 14 to 79) and the mean follow-up period after the surgery was 15 months (range, 12 to 29). Complications included at least one presentation at the final follow up of sensory disturbances or motor disturbances. We examined the presence of musculotendinous injury mechanism of injury, presence of fracture, the performance of skin grafting, and complications. Results: Mechanism of injury of “caught in a machine” was found in six cases. Three of these patients had musculotendinous ruptures and all muscle tears were revealed by intraoperative findings. No patients had muscle ruptures with other injury mechanisms. Seven out of 16 patients (44%) developed complications at final follow-up. Skin grafting was performed in six patients, and five of these patients developed complications. Only one of the nine patients without complications underwent skin grafting. Conclusions: In cases of high-energy injuries, the surgeon should suspect the presence of a musculotendinous injury prior to surgery.

scholarly journals Retrospective Review of Injury Patterns Among Ghanaian Footballers During the 2009-2010 League Season

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Maxwell Larwch ◽  
◽  
Jonathan Quartey ◽  
Samuel Koranteng Kwakye ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Body Part ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Mental Demands

BackgroundThe increased popularity of football in addition to the physical and mental demands placed on players increase the risk of soccer injuries. We set out to identify injury patterns among footballers involved in selected Glo sponsored Ghana premier league games during the 2009/2010 season.MethodologyDigital video compact discs (DVDs) of thirty randomly selected 2009/2010 matches were acquired for the study from the Ghana Football Association. A Samsung DVD player and television set were used to playback and watch the matches. The researchers stopped the video immediately an injury occurred and the disc was then put in slow playback movement whilst the occurrence of injury was recorded on an injury report form.All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 20.ResultsA total of 139 injuries were recorded during the study with an average injury incidence of 4.63±1.99 injuries per match. Tackling attempts (51.1%) was the predominant mechanism of injury with the ankle (26.6%) being the most injured body part. There was a significant association between player position and number of injuries suffered (p=0.038) and a significant association observed between player position and severity of injuries (p = 0.042). The uses of icepack (34.5%) and vapocoolant spray (32.4%) were the most common first aid treatment for the injuries sustained.ConclusionThe study indicated that professional football players in Ghana are exposed to high injury risks as evident by the relatively high injury incidence. Keywords: Football, footballers,playback, injuries, digital video compact discs

scholarly journals Anterior Cruciate ligament injuries of the knee:

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
G Linde Strauss ◽  
D Janse van Rensburg ◽  
C Grant ◽  
A Jansen van Rensburg ◽  
M Velleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Valgus Stress ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Abstract Background and problem statement Anterior cruciate ligament injuries are common among athletes and the general public. These injuries may lead to significant absence from activity with an associated financial and social burden. No definitive association has been described between mechanism of injury and pathology to enable us to put preventative measures in place in order to limit these injuries. Aim To determine whether there is an association between the mechanism of injury and the pathology seen on a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Methods This was a cross-sectional analytical study. Eighty seven male patients with an ACL injury, who had an MRI scan of the knee within the last two years participated in this study. Participants were contacted to give consent that their information be used in this study. The mechanism of injury and the pathology seen on the MRI scan was noted and categorised into different mechanism of injury groups and associated pathology groups. Statistical analyses included summaries of the data and a test for association between mechanism of injury and pathology. Since there were multiple pathology responses to each mechanism, a modified version of the chi-square test for independence was used. A 5% level of significance was specified. Results MRI scans of ACL injuries indicated that the mechanism of a solid foot plant with rotation of the knee has a greater tendency to be associated with medial meniscal injuries (77%), and also a 54% possibility to be associated with lateral meniscal injuries. A solid foot plant with a valgus stress on the knee showed a higher incidence of associated medial collateral ligaments (MCL) injuries (41%) and femoral bone bruising (62 %). These two mechanisms of injury are the most common in ACL injuries and contribute to the clinical significance found in this study. The p-value was however not statistically significant (p=0.44, chi-square value=20.27, df=45) for any association between pathology and mechanism of injury. Conclusion Some injury mechanisms causing ACL injury were more common than others and also had more associated pathology. The most common mechanism of injury noted is a solid foot plant with either rotation of the knee or valgus stress on the knee. Strengthening tissue structures involved in those movement patterns that cause these mechanisms can possibly limit ACL injuries in athletes and the general public.  Key words Anterior cruciate ligament injury, mechanism, association, pathology, MRI scan, prevention.

Injuries to Children Related to Shopping Carts

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-165
Author(s):  
Gary A. Smith ◽  
Ann M. Dietrich ◽  
C. Teresa Garcia ◽  
Brenda J. Shields
Keyword(s):  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Shopping Cart ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Pediatric Morbidity

Study Objective. To describe the epidemiology of shopping cart-related injuries among children and to consider targeted prevention strategies based on these epidemiologic findings. Design. A consecutive series of patients. Setting. The emergency department of a large, academic children's hospital. Participants. Sixty-two children treated for shopping cart-related injuries during a 15-month period. Results. Children ranged in age from 4 months to 10 years (mean, 2.8 years). Thirty-three children (53%) were boys. Twelve patients (19%) arrived via ambulance. Forty-nine children (79%) had injuries to the head, including one child admitted to the hospital. Eleven children (18%) had fractures, including 5 (8%) with skull fractures. Nine patients (14%) had lacerations, and 30 patients (48%) had superficial injuries (ecchymoses or abrasions). The most common mechanism of injury was falling out of the carts (58% of children), followed by cart tip-overs (26% of children). Injuries caused by falls from the carts occurred across the entire age range, whereas injuries caused by cart tip-overs were most frequent among children 1 year of age or younger. The sitting position was associated with tip-over injuries, and standing in the cart basket was associated with falling from the cart. Conclusions. Shopping cart-related injuries cause serious pediatric morbidity, especially among children younger than 5 years of age, and are potentially fatal. Based on identified age-specific mechanisms of injury, currently used prevention strategies are not sufficient. The use of infant seats and restraining belts is an inadequate strategy for prevention of shopping cart-related injuries among children 1 year of age or younger, because cart tip-over is an important mechanism of injury in this age group. Shopping carts should be redesigned to decrease the tip-over hazard. Transportation of children in shopping carts of current design should be prohibited.

Syrian Civil War: a systematic review of trauma casualty epidemiology

2020 ◽  
pp. jramc-2019-001304
Author(s):  
Joshua McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Marked Change ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Syrian Civil War

BackgroundThe Syrian Civil War has caused over 400 000 traumatic deaths. Understanding the nature of war casualties is crucial to deliver healthcare improvement. Historic regional conflicts and Syrian mortality data have been characterised by blast injuries. The aim of this novel review is to assess the trauma epidemiology of Syrian Civil War casualties from the perspective of healthcare facilities.MethodsThis review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses method. Studies addressing Syria, trauma and war were investigated. Eligibility criteria included being conducted from a healthcare facility, published in English and peer reviewed. The outcomes were demography, mechanism of injury and anatomical injury site.Results38 papers satisfied the eligibility criteria. 13 842 casualties were reported across the entire data set. Casualties were 88.8% male (n=4035 of 4544). Children contributed to 16.1% of cases (n=398 of 2469). Mortality rate was 8.6% (n=412 of 4774). Gunshot wound was the most common mechanism of injury representing 66.3% (n=7825 of 11799). Head injury was the most common injured site at 26.6% (n=719 of 2701).ConclusionsThis conflict has a distinct trauma profile compared with regional modern wars. The prevalence of gunshot wounds represents a marked change in mechanism of injury. This may be related to higher mortality rate and proportion of head injuries identified. This review cannot correlate mechanism of injury, demographics or injuries sustained to outcomes. The quality of data from the included studies lacked standardisation; future research and consistent reporting tools are required to enable further analysis.

scholarly journals Urethral injury in children: Experience in a teaching hospital in Enugu, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Kevin Emeka Chukwubuike ◽  
Joseph Tochukwu Enebe ◽  
Obinna Chukwuebuka Nduagubam
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Urethral Injury ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Bulbar Urethra ◽  
Urethral Trauma ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

Background: Urethral injury in children is uncommon, and its treatment is challenging. This study evaluated our experience in the management of urethral injuries in children who presented at the paediatric surgical unit of a teaching hospital in Enugu, Nigeria. Methods: The medical records of patients younger than 15 years old admitted to our centre with urethral injury from January 2008 and December 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. Results: During the period of the study, 11 cases (all male) were managed. The mean age of the patients at presentation was 11 years. Road traffic accident was the most common mechanism of injury, and the bulbar urethra was the most injured part of the urethra. All the patients had urethroplasty through the perineal approach. There was 90% success at first instance. One patient required redo urethroplasty. Conclusion: Urethral trauma is associated with considerable morbidity. Road traffic accident was the most common mechanism of injury, and the bulbar urethra was the part of the urethra most affected. Transperineal urethroplasty was an effective modality of treatment.

scholarly journals Impaired Autophagy in Motor Neurons: A Final Common Mechanism of Injury and Death

Physiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Gonzalez Porras ◽  
Gary C. Sieck ◽  
Carlos B. Mantilla
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neuron ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Motor Neuron Diseases ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Health And Disease

Autophagy is a cellular digestion process that contributes to cellular homeostasis and adaptation by the elimination of proteins and damaged organelles. Evidence suggests that dysregulation of autophagy plays a role in neurodegenerative diseases, including motor neuron disorders. Herein, we review emerging evidence indicating the roles of autophagy in physiological motor neuron processes and its function in specific compartments. Moreover, we discuss the involvement of autophagy in the pathogenesis of motor neuron diseases, including spinal cord injury and aging, and recent developments that offer promising therapeutic approaches to mitigate effects of dysregulated autophagy in health and disease.

scholarly journals OVERLOAD STUDY ON ADJACENT DISC AFTER ARTHRODESIS IN THORACOLUMBAR FRACTURES

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-316
Author(s):  
GUSTAVO SERRA REINAS ◽  
FERNANDO ZANI GARCIA ◽  
RÉGIS SILVEIRA TEIXEIRA ◽  
EMILIO CEZAR MAMEDE MURAD ◽  
RUY YOSHIAKI OKAJI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Thoracolumbar Fractures ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Adjacent Disc ◽  
Fall From Height ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the degeneration of the adjacent disc after arthrodesis due to thoracolumbar fractures. Methods: Eighty-three patients who underwent posterolateral arthrodesis in thoracolumbar levels had their x-rays analyzed for degeneration of adjacent discs to the arthrodesis. The disc spaces were classified by the UCLA scale. Results: Of the 83 patients evaluated, 66 were males (79%) and 18 females (21%), with a mean age of 35.5 years. The mean follow-up period was 40 months. As the fractures 75% were between T12 and L2 (p<0.001), being of the A3 type in 65% of the cases (p<0.001). The most common mechanism of injury, accounting for 50% of the cases (p<0.001), was fall from height. Only 6% of the superior discs and 12% of the inferior ones showed some degree of degeneration. No patient underwent a new surgical approach. Conclusion: The incidence of degeneration on adjacent disc in patients after arthrodesis resulting from fractures ranged from 6% to 12% with an average follow-up of 40 months.

scholarly journals Retrospective study describing the mode of hand injuries in Eastern Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Suraj Bajracharya ◽  
P Kumar ◽  
B P Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Metacarpal Bone ◽  
Clinical Aspect ◽  
Hand Injuries ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Record Section

Background: This retrospective review was performed to identify the incidence, causes, and details of hand injuries in patients presenting to a tertiary hospital in Eastern Nepal.Objective: To identify the incidence, causes, and details of hand injuries in patients.Method: Records of all patients who had sustained hand injuries for last 5 years were collected from the medical record section. Altogether 832 injuries of hand in 484 patients were reported in this review. These patients were reviewed for age at the time of injury, gender, location of the incident, mechanism of injury, and fracture specifies.Result: 414 (85.5%) males with mean age of 28.79 ± 12.81 and in female with 30.43 ±17.13 yrs were found. Machinery injuries (25.2%) were the most common causes of injuries followed by RTA (14.5%). Metacarpal bone fractures (34.6%) were the commonest injury of the hand. Most of the patients were treated with open reduction and fixation with K wires.Conclusion: The study reveals the aetio-epidemiological and clinical aspect of hand injuries with its alarming burden in Nepal.Health Renaissance 2015;13(2): 125-133

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