scholarly journals Causes and suggested remedies to taro endangerment in four regions of Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Oduro ◽  
Esther Fobi Donkor ◽  
Emmanuel Ackah
Keyword(s):  
Income Generation ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Vernacular Names ◽  
Marginal Soils ◽  
The Family ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Nutritional Benefits ◽  
Taro Leaf Blight

Abstract Background Many plant species worldwide cultivated for food have been neglected and are being underutilized despite their crucial contributions to food security, nutrition and income generation to rural citizens, leading to a nearly permanent diet deficiency. Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott), an important food crop in the family Araceae, is one of the neglected species. This study therefore focused on identifying potential challenges mitigating taro production and utilization in taro-producing areas of Ghana and to formulate recommendations for overall increased production and utilization of the crop. The study was conducted in Ahanta West Municipal, Dormaa Municipal, Kumasi Metropolitan and East Akim Municipal in the Western, Bono, Ashanti and Eastern Regions of Ghana, respectively. These districts were ever known for taro production in Ghana. Well-structured questionnaires were used to collect information on ethnobotany of taro, possible causes of taro endangerment and remedies to combat them from farmers, traders and consumers. Results The survey revealed different vernacular names for taro, and the corm was the main part used as food. The corms were usually boiled before eaten. Major recipes of taro identified were “Puree and Ampesi.” The study revealed that taro was mainly cultivated on marginal soils as well as near water bodies. Taro was largely cultivated on subsistence scale. The study also revealed that utilization as food and tool of trade has reduced drastically. Major causes of taro extinction reported included: lack of healthy planting materials, unavailability of consumable corms and disease [Taro leaf blight disease(TLBD)] of the crop. Conclusion It was suggested that the release of cultivars which are resistant to the TLBD and publication of the nutritional benefits of the crop could revive the cultivation and utilization of the crop.

scholarly journals Analysis of Challenges Facing Rice Processing in Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Ajala ◽  
A. Gana
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Rice Processing

Rice is the most economically important food crop in many developing countries and has also become a major crop in many developed countries where its consumption has increased considerably. It has become necessary to meet the demand of the world’s current population growth rate, and the least costly means for achieving this aim is to increase rice productivity, wherever possible. The main challenges encountered by rice processors in Nigeria are to find appropriate solutions for quality rice processing. Therefore this work provides basic information about the challenges of rice processing and focuses on the challenges faced by the small scale rice processors and reasons for continuous rice importation with a view to guiding decision-making to be self-sufficient in rice production, thereby making some improvement in Nigerian economy.

scholarly journals The Improvement of Mini Tuber Production of Granola Potato Cultivar in Aeroponics System

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Sugiyono Sugiyono ◽  
Lucky Prayoga ◽  
Elly Proklamasiningsih ◽  
Khavid Faozi ◽  
Rendie Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Tuber Formation ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Important Food ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Tuber Production ◽  
Surrounding Areas

Potato is an important food crop in both developed and developing countries and it is the fourth most important food crop after wheat, maize, and rice. Potato production in Indonesia has decreased in recent years, mainly due to the use of low quality tuber seed. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of plant materials, types of nutrients, and planting density on mini tuber formation, as well as to determine the best aeroponics conditions for mini tuber formation of Granola cultivar of potato. This research has been carried out experimentally using a Split-split Plot Design. The main plot was planting materials which consisted of plantlet and knol. The subplot was the type of nutrition media which consisted of Farran nutrition, Otazu nutrition, and AB-commercial mix. The sub-sub-plot was planting density which consisted of 50, 75, and 100 plants/m2. The research results showed that knol planted in aeroponics system on AB-commercial mix at a planting density of 75 plants/m2 resulted in the best mini-tuber production. In this study, for the first time three important factors for potato mini-tuber production have thoroughly been investigated in Indonesia. This finding will be used by Kledung Horticultural Seed Garden, Temanggung, for mass production of high-quality mini-tuber seed, which in turn will provide sufficient tuber seed for the farmer in its surrounding areas. By increasing the production of high-quality tuber seed, it is expected that it will contribute to the improvement of potato productivity and increase Indonesian potato production.

scholarly journals Nutritional evaluation of sweet orange citrus sinensis seed oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nwozo Sarah O ◽  
Omotayo Opeoluwa O ◽  
Nwawuba Stanley U
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Glutaric Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
The Family ◽  
Safe Limit ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Highlighting the nutritional benefit of oil gleaned from the seed of sweet orange Citrus sinensis has become necessary; owing to the fact that the seed is predominantly considered a waste. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the nutritional benefits of oil extracted from the seed of sweet orange Citrus sinensis of the family; Rutaceae, and order; Sapindales. A total of 2.0 kg of coarsely crushed seeds were immersed in 15 liters of n-hexane for 72 hours in batches with intermittent vigorous shaking and the oil was further extracted using a soxhlet extractor. Other procedures for analysis were performed using standard methods. The result revealed that, the anti-nutrients levels were found to be within the safe limit, vitamin and minerals fell within the daily recommended intake limit. The proximate composition of Citrus sinensis seeds oil revealed that the oil contains; Protein 1.560±0.120, Moisture content 4.636±0.153, Fat 89.810±0.282, Ash content 1.776±0.161, Crude fibre 0.619±0.052 and Carbohydrate 1.614±0.036. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed the presence of the following fatty acid compounds; Linoleic acid 37.644%, Palmitic acid 28.051%, Isopropyl linoleate 12.699%, Pentadecanoic acid 9.652%, Stearic acid 5.839%, Butyl linoleate 2.867, and Glutaric acid 2.616%. Therefore, indicating that, the oil extracted from sweet orange Citrus sinensis seeds it’s an excellent choice for both nutritional and industrial purposes.

scholarly journals Adaptability of Naked Barley Landraces in Mountain Agro-ecosystem of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Hari Ghimire ◽  
Bal Krishna Joshi ◽  
Rita Gurung ◽  
Epsha Palikhey ◽  
Niranjan Pudasaini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Season ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Naked Barley ◽  
Seed Supply ◽  
Barley Landraces ◽  
Production Area

Naked barley (Hordeum vulgare var. nudum L.) is an important food crop in mountain regions of Nepal, however, its production area and genetic diversity is known to be shrinking fast. One of the reasons could be the poor productivity. To improve the productivity of crops, it is essential that new site-specific, high-yielding and widely adopted varietal options for farmers should be developed for sustainability. To identify the varietal responses to environment, multi-location testing is one of the main tools. Following this, we evaluated agronomic performance of eight naked barley landraces collected from five different locations of Nepal with altitude ranging from 1370 to 2500 meter elevations from the sea level during the winter season of 2014/15 in order to assess the landraces adaptability across different locations. Combined analysis of variances revealed that NGRC02306, NGRC04902 and NGRC04894 were the high yielding landraces. The landrace namely NGRC04894 was found the most stable genotype with better adaptability to all tested environments whereas NGRC02306 and NGRC04902 were high yielding landraces adapted to high yielding environment namely Khumaltar. However, the lower yielding landrace NGRC02327 was the earliest and could be preferred by farmers as its maturity allows it to fit better in the rice based cropping system. Our study showed that these landraces need to be verified further in farmers’ fields and the release of one or more of them would help to diversify the genetic base of naked barley varieties in the seed supply system.

The Sudan Millet Bug, Agonoscelis versicolor, F.

1929 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Sarel-Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Scientific Journal ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Sorghum Vulgare ◽  
Main Food ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
The Family ◽  
Important Pest

The Sudan dura (millet) bug, Agonoscelis versicolor, F., a member of the family Pentatomidae, Hemiptera Heteroptera (Rhynchota), is an important pest of millet. Its depredations vary from year to year, depending chiefly upon the rainy season, but every few years it causes serious losses of millet (Sorghum vulġare and Sorghum sp.), which is the main food crop of the Northern Sudan.This bug is widely distributed in Africa, but so far as the writer is aware, it is only in the Sudan that it occurs as a serious pest of grain, or, indeed, as a serious pest at all. In view of this, and the little work that has been done upon it, it was felt advisable, when a severe outbreak took place in 1927, not only to concentrate upon the control but also to effect as complete a study as possible of the bionomics and essential morphology of the bug.Upon completion of the work it was found better to publish the results as two separate papers : (1) A Sudan Government Entomological Bulletin, giving an account of the bug as a pest in the Sudan, the control measures carried out, the bionomics and parasites ; and (2) a paper for publication in a scientific journal giving the results of the morphological studies, and their relation and application to the bionomics of the insect. The present paper is the result of the latter study.

Identification of microRNAs from rice

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Zhu Lu ◽  
Da-Wei Yan ◽  
Ying-Tang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Loop Structure ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Stem Loop ◽  
Stem Loop Structure ◽  
Unknown Protein ◽  
Computational Analyses

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators in the development of plants and animals. Several hundred have been identified from animals, and about a dozen have been cloned from plants, mainly Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. We have identified nine miRNAs in Oryza sativa L., an important food crop that has been sequenced in recent years. The nine miRNAs include miRNA171 and miRNA167, which were also identified in Arabidopsis. These had the typical properties of miRNAs, including short length, an ability to form a stem–loop structure with a flanking genomic sequence and they could be identified by northern blot analyses. In addition, m-fold program and computational analyses indicted that the potential targets of six of the nine miRNAs are four known gene families and two unknown protein families, which comprise 16 unique genes.

scholarly journals An Overview: Distribution, Production, and Diversity of Local Landraces of Buckwheat in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dol Raj Luitel ◽  
Mohan Siwakoti ◽  
Pramod Kumar Jha ◽  
Ajay Kumar Jha ◽  
Nir Krakauer
Keyword(s):  
Food Supply ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
Staple Food ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
The World

Buckwheat is a sixth staple food crop after rice, wheat, maize, finger millet, and barley in Nepal. It is considered as an alternate cereal and poor man’s crop, representing an important food supply in remote places of Himalayas. It is the best crop in higher altitude in terms of adaptation to different climatic variables and easily fitted to different cropping patterns due to short duration. It is cultivated on marginal land in 61 out of 75 districts of Nepal from some 60 m to 4500 m asl, especially hilly and mountain districts like Rukum, Rolpa, Jajarkot, Dolpa, Humla, Jumla, Kalikot, Kavre, Dolakha, and Okhaldhunga. Sweet buckwheat varieties are generally grown in midhill and Terai but Tartary buckwheat varieties are grown in higher altitude. There are altogether 19 local landraces of sweat buckwheat and 37 for Tartary buckwheat listed from Nepal. The largest producers are China, USA, and Russia and Japan is principal user of global buckwheat grown in the world. In Nepal, it is cultivated in 10510 ha area with production of 10355 t/yr and yield of 0.983 t/ha. It has also medicinal value used in different forms including all its parts so the demand of buckwheat is increasing.

scholarly journals Traditional Usages of Taro (Colocasia spp.) by Ethnic Communities in Borneo

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Oktavianingsih ◽  
E. Suharyanto ◽  
Budi Setiadi Daryono ◽  
Purnomo Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Vernacular Names ◽  
Interview Technique ◽  
The People ◽  
Pressure Lowering ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Traditional Cultivars

<p>Borneo has a a wealth of various flora, including the Aroids (Araceae). Taro is one of the Aroids that cultivated and used as food crop since a long time ago by the people in Borneo. This study aimed to determine the diversity and utilization of taros traditionally by several ethnic communities in Borneo. The research used Survey Explorative Method with Direct Interview Technique in the field. Taro samples were taken from various habitats of ethnic Banjar, Dayak, Kutai, Malay, Bugis, Toraja and China. The results showed that taro species widely used are : <em>Colocasia esculenta var</em>. <em>esculenta</em> and <em>var</em>. <em>antiquorum, C</em><em>olocasia </em><em> affinis </em>and wild of <em>Colocasia</em> <em>esculenta</em>. <em>C. esculenta</em><em> </em>var<em>. esculenta </em>and var<em>. antiquorum</em> is used as subsistence food crop and vegetables. Besides, it is used as medicine such as high blood pressure lowering and for consumption of diabetics. Parts of the plants consumed include leaves, petiole, corm and stolon. <em>C. affinis</em> is used as ornamental plants of the home garden, while wild <em>C</em><em>.</em><em> </em><em>esculenta </em> is used as animal fodder. Taro in Borneo have a considerable variation of traditional cultivars and vernacular names. Fifty eight traditional cultivars from 5 different habitat to be used by some ethnics.</p>

scholarly journals Assessing Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) Leaf Blight Incidence, Severity, and Farmers’ Knowledge of the Disease in Fako Division of Cameroon

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-29
Author(s):  
Mandah Cicelia Takor ◽  
Ekwa Yawa Monono ◽  
Ojong Agbor Ntane ◽  
Jemimah Evenye Ngale ◽  
Lum A. Fontem
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Taro Leaf Blight

Taro leaf blight (TLB), a major disease of taro plant caused by Phytophthora colocasiae, a pseudo-fungus, that occurs in many taro producing areas, especially in the South West of Cameroon. A Survey was conducted to assess farmers’ knowledge, as well as to determine the incidence and the severity of the disease in taro fields. Structured questionnaires were administered in selected locations (Bokova, Ekona, Muea, Mile 16, Mutengene, and Likomba) of taro production. Two farms were selected with two quadrats of 64 m2 each were carved to assess disease incidence and severity on taro. The number of plants infected with taro leaf blight were counted and the area of the affected leaves measured was used to evaluate the disease incidence and disease severity. Data collected were subjected to ANOVA for complete randomized design and the means were compared using Tukey test at 0.05 probability levels. The results revealed that most of the farmers could identify the disease while practicing cultural methods in controlling the disease. The results also revealed significant differences (p = 0.001) in disease incidence and disease severity in all the localities, with Mile 16 showing the highest percentage mean of 96.53% and 85.59%, respectively. The severity scored showed high infection range of 3 – 3.95 in all locations except in Likomba (2.60).  It could be concluded from the results that there were high prevalence of taro leaf blight disease in Fako Division. Good management strategies are therefore required to control Taro leaf blight and improve taro production in the area.

scholarly journals PENAMPAKAN KARAKTER AGRONOMI PADA 26 GENOTIPE PADI LOKAL KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chairil Ezward ◽  
Elfi Indrawanis ◽  
A. Haitami ◽  
Wahyudi Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Agronomic Character ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan tanaman pangan penting di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Karena beras menjadi sumber bahan makanan pokok masyarakatnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakter agronomi 26 genotipe padi lokal Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non Faktorial, terdiri dari 26 genotipe padi lokal sebagai perlakuannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan 26 genotipe  padi lokal berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter pengamatan. Pada pengamatan jumlah anakan produktif, genotipe yang paling banyak jumlah anakan produktifnya terdapat pada genotipe PL25 (Saronda kuning) yaitu 11,49 batang. Pada pengamatan jumlah anakan hampa, genotipe yang paling sedikit jumlah anakan hampa adalah genotipe PL03 (Pandan wangi F4), PL10 (Limbayang), PL17 (Pulut kari) dan PL24 (Padi gondok) yaitu 0,24 batang. Pada pengamatan jumlah bulir permalai, yang paling banyak jumlah bulir permalai adalah genotipe PL09 (Samo putiah) yaitu 298,67 bulir. Pada pengamatan Berat Gabah Kering (gram/plot), genotipe yang paling berat adalah genotipe PL05 (Padi Ronda putiah) yaitu 102,19 (gram/plot). Pada pengamatan Berat Gabah Kering (ton/hektar), genotipe yang paling berat adalah genotipe PL05 (Padi Ronda putiah) yaitu 1,62 ton/hektar. Kata kunci : Genotipe padi lokal, Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi, Karakter Agronomi.The rice plant is an important food crop in the Kuantan Singingi district. Bicause rice is a source of staple food. The purpose of this study was to determine the agronomic characters of 26 lokal rice genotypes of Kuantan Singingi Regency. The method used in this research is a non factorial randomized block design method, consisted of 26 local rice genotypes as treatment. The result showed that 26 local rice genotypes significantly affected all the observed parameters. On the observation, the highest number of productive tillers was PL25 (Saronda kuning) treatment, namly 11,49 stems. On the observation, the number of empty tillers was the least PL03 (Pandan wangi F4), PL10 (Limbayang), PL17 (Pulut kari) dan PL24 (Padi gondok) was 0,24 stems. In observation, the most number of bullets was PL09 (Samo putiah), namely 298,67. In the observation of dry grain weight (grams/plot) was PL05 (Padi Ronda putiah) namely 102,19 grams/plot. In the observation of dry grain weight (tones/hectare) was PL05 (Padi Ronda putiah) namely 1,62 (tones/hectare). Keywords : Local rice genotypes, Kuantan Singingi Regency, Agronomic Character  

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