scholarly journals An Evaluation of Two Hands-On Lab Styles for Plant Biodiversity in Undergraduate Biology

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-503
Author(s):  
John M. Basey ◽  
Anastasia P. Maines ◽  
Clinton D. Francis ◽  
Brett Melbourne
Keyword(s):  
Learning Cycle ◽  
Plant Biodiversity ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Mixed Effect Models ◽  
Perceived Difficulty ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Multiple Choice Exam ◽  
Positive Effect

We compared learning cycle and expository formats for teaching about plant biodiversity in an inquiry-oriented university biology lab class (n = 465). Both formats had preparatory lab activities, a hands-on lab, and a postlab with reflection and argumentation. Learning was assessed with a lab report, a practical quiz in lab, and a multiple-choice exam in the concurrent lecture. Attitudes toward biology and treatments were also assessed. We used linear mixed-effect models to determine impacts of lab style on lower-order cognition (LO) and higher-order cognition (HO) based on Bloom's taxonomy. Relative to the expository treatment, the learning cycle treatment had a positive effect on HO and a negative effect on LO included in lab reports; a positive effect on transfer of LO from the lab report to the quiz; negative impacts on LO quiz performance and on attitudes toward the lab; and a higher degree of perceived difficulty. The learning cycle treatment had no influence on transfer of HO from lab report to quiz or exam; quiz performance on HO questions; exam performance on LO and HO questions; and attitudes toward biology as a science. The importance of LO as a foundation for HO relative to these lab styles is addressed.

scholarly journals Invasive alien palm Pinanga coronata threatens native tree ferns in an oceanic island rainforest

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. B. Dyer ◽  
Gunnar Keppel ◽  
Marika Tuiwawa ◽  
Sainivalati Vido ◽  
Hans Juergen Boehmer
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Mixed Effect Models ◽  
Tree Ferns ◽  
Native Tree ◽  
Negative Impacts

Invasive ornamental plants are a global problem that can have severe impacts on native biodiversity, especially on islands. To determine whether the invasive, ornamental ivory-cane palm Pinanga coronata could be displacing native biodiversity, we investigated its co-distribution with native tree ferns in a Fijian rainforest. We recorded the abundances of P. coronata and tree ferns and related these to environmental variables using linear models and generalised linear mixed-effect models (GLMMs). Distance to an introduction site was the most significant factor predicting the palm’s distribution and abundance, suggesting that its current distribution is limited by insufficient time for wider dispersal. P. coronata cover was strongly and negatively related with the abundance of native tree ferns and the palm may therefore be displacing native tree ferns. This relationship was strongest with tree fern seedlings and weakest with mature tree ferns, implying that the palm is preventing the establishment of native tree ferns. This study thus provides strong circumstantial evidence that P. coronata is progressively displacing native tree ferns by preventing seedling establishment and poses a severe threat to Fiji’s native biodiversity and ecological processes. Therefore, urgent management is required to control and prevent the further spread of P. coronata and its negative impacts on native plant biodiversity. Management should involve an initial feasibility study to determine the effectiveness of various management strategies, followed by targeted control and/or eradication campaigns and long-term monitoring. Ultimately, well implemented legislation to prevent the spread and introduction of P. coronata and other ornamental plants will be crucial to protect native biodiversity in Fiji and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Health-related quality of life of individuals sharing a household with persons with dementia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Dams ◽  
Thomas Grochtdreis ◽  
Hans-Helmut König
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Mixed Effect Models ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Lower Hrqol ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Previous research has found a negative effect of dementia on the health-related quality of life (HrQoL) of persons with dementia (PWD) and their primary informal caregivers. However, the impact of dementia on HrQoL of other individuals sharing a household with PWD has not been investigated to date. The current study therefore aimed to determine differences in the HrQoL between those sharing a household with PWD and those not living with PWD. In addition, factors related to the HrQoL of those sharing a household with PWD were evaluated. Methods The analyses were based on data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, using the SF-12 to measure HrQoL. Mixed-effects models were calculated to compare the HrQoL of those sharing a household with PWD and persons not living with PWD, as well as to determine factors related to the HrQoL of those sharing a household with PWD. Bootstrapping was used where residuals were not normally distributed. Results Mixed-effect models showed a significantly lower HrQoL among those sharing a household with PWD, compared to those not living with PWD. Number of diseases, number of persons in the household, marital status and educational level were significantly related to HrQoL among those sharing a household with PWD. Discussion The HrQoL of those sharing a household with PWD was reduced compared to persons not living with PWD. Further, those living with PWD in small households, or those with multi-morbidities had a lower HrQoL. Further research focusing on HrQoL in the social environment of PWD is needed.

scholarly journals Dynamic Associations Between Lifestyle Factors and Positive and Negative Affect in Middle-Aged African Americans

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 364-364
Author(s):  
Raheem Paxton ◽  
Chuong Bui ◽  
Rebecca Allen ◽  
Edward Sazonov
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the dynamic association between lifestyle factors and both positive and negative effect in middle-aged African Americans. Methods Study participants (N = 69, Mean age=51 years, 80% female) were recruited from two African American churches in the Deep South. Participants completed daily surveys on positive and negative effect, physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet quality, and sleep quality daily for up to 10-days. Mixed-effect models were used to examine associations between the variables of interest. Results On days that participants were more active, they experienced higher mean positive effect (P = .015) and lower mean negative effect (P = .028) scores. Conversely, more time spent sitting in lagged models (i.e., T-1) was associated with higher mean negative effect (P = .001) and lower mean positive effect (P = .040) scores. In lagged models, better sleep quality was associated with higher positive effects (P = .007) scores but reported lower negative effects (P < .0001) scores on the same day. Lastly, on days where diet quality was higher, positive effect scores were higher (P < 0.05). Association between diet quality and positive effect was moderated by age (P = .025). Conclusion The data suggest that same and previous day health behaviors may have a significant impact on the health and well-being of middle-aged African Americans. More research is needed to determine whether these behaviors can be targeted in real-time as a means of improving mental health outcomes in this population.

scholarly journals Increasing aridity may reduce productivity and soil organic carbon storage with woody plant encroachment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunhua Liu ◽  
Junhui Cheng ◽  
Bernhard Schmid ◽  
Jiandong Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Herbaceous Plants ◽  
Woody Plant Encroachment ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Arid Grasslands ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Aims We have found a positive effect of woody plants on total plant carbon (C) storage in less arid grassland was shifted to a negative effect in arid grasslands in Xinjiang, a typical arid region in China. In this study, we further assessed the effects of woody plants on aboveground primary productivity (ANPP) and soil organic C (SOC) storage and explored the mediation of climate conditions on these effects. We also aimed to elucidate the reasons for the effects on SOC storage in terms of ANPP and belowground biomass C (BGC). Methods We compared the difference in ANPP and SOC content between pure and wooded grasslands and evaluated the relation between SOC content and ANPP and BGC in six grassland types along the altitude (climatic) gradients. Results In three arid types, woody plants had a negative effect on ANPP due to their more negative impacts on herbaceous plants and lower ANPP. The negative effect on ANPP and BGC led to that on SOC storage in these types. In less arid types, there had a positive effect on ANPP because woody plants had weaker negative impacts on herbaceous plants and higher ANPP. A positive effect on ANPP combined with a neutral impact on BGC contributed to a positive effect on SOC storage in these types. Conclusions Woody plants had a negative effect on ANPP and SOC storage in most arid grasslands in Xinjiang. We predicted that increasing aridity may reduce ANPP and SOC storage with woody plant encroachment in the future.

scholarly journals Financialization, financial development and investment. Evidence from European non-financial corporations

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Tori ◽  
Özlem Onaran
Keyword(s):  
Financial Development ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Financial Income ◽  
Investment In Fixed Assets ◽  
Physical Investment ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Finance Growth Nexus

Abstract This article provides estimations of the effects of different financial channels on physical investment in Europe using the balance sheets of publicly listed non-financial corporations (NFCs) for the period 1995–2015. The evidence suggests that both financial payments and financial income have an adverse effect on investment in fixed assets. The negative impacts of increasing financial income are non-linear with respect to company size: they crowd out investment in large companies, and have a positive effect on the investment of relatively smaller companies. Similar to the recent literature on finance-growth nexus, we find an inverted U-shaped relationship between financial development and companies’ investment. However, in contrast to the existing literature, we also find that a higher degree of financial development in the country is associated with a stronger negative effect of financial income on investment.

Rethinking the Meaning of Citizenship in Post-PRI Mexico: Can the State Change Its Image?

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-42
Author(s):  
Katsuo A. Nishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
State Change ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

This study considers the effect that gestures of goodwill from state officials have on political attitudes in post-PRI Mexico. A field experiment was conducted in the state of Baja California in which randomly selected individuals in the treatment group received a short letter from the state designed to improve residents' evaluation of government efforts to rehabilitate their neighborhoods. Overall, this study finds that a gesture of goodwill has a mixed effect on political attitudes relevant to democracy. While the treatment has a negative effect on levels of efficacy and evaluations of government performance, it also has a positive effect on willingness to become more involved in politics.

Working Memory, Mental Prospection, Time Orientation, and Cognitive Insight

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevtap Cinan ◽  
Aslı Doğan
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Time Orientation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cognitive Insight ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Three Factor

This research is new in its attempt to take future time orientation, morningness orientation, and prospective memory as measures of mental prospection, and to examine a three-factor model that assumes working memory, mental prospection, and cognitive insight are independent but related higher-order cognitive constructs by using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The three-factor model produced a good fit to the data. An alternative one-factor model was tested and rejected. The results suggest that working memory and cognitive insight are distinguishable, related constructs, and that both are distinct from, but negatively associated with, mental prospection. In addition, structural equation modeling (SEM) showed that working memory had a strong positive effect on cognitive insight and a moderate negative effect on mental prospection.

Estimasi Pengaruh Faktor Internal Bank dan Stabilitas Makroekonomi terhadap Profitabilitas dengan Mediasi Rasio Pembiayaan Bermasalah di PT Bank Muamalat Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-108
Author(s):  
Annisa Siti Fathonah ◽  
Dadang Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Operating Income ◽  
Significant Negative Effect ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to determine and analyze how much influence the bank's internal factors such as Equity, Operational Costs per Operating Income (BOPO), Financing Deposit to Ratio (FDR), Non Performing Financing (NPF) as a mediator and external or macroeconomic factors namely inflation and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on profitability represented by Return on Assets (ROA) at Bank Muamalat Indonesia for the period 2008-2018. The data used in this research are secondary data obtained from the publication of quarterly financial statements from 2008 to quarter 2 of 2018. The method that used in this research is path analysis with SPSS 20.0 as the analytical tool. The results of the study partially test the hypothesis (t-test), in substructure I shows that the capital variable has a significant negative effect on NPF, BOPO and inflation has a significant positive effect on NPF, FDR and GDP do not significantly influence NPF at Bank Muamalat Indonesia. In substructure II partially, Capital, BOPO, significant negative effect on ROA, FDR and NPF has a significant positive effect on ROA, Inflation and GDP does not significantly influence ROA while simultaneously significantly influencing ROA. Based on the sobel test, capital has a significant effect on ROA through NPF, BOPO has a significant effect on ROA through NPF, FDR has a significant effect on ROA through NPF, Inflation has a significant effect on ROA through NPF, while GDP has no significant effect on ROA through NPF.

Employee Engagement Dan Stress Kerja Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Dan Turnover Intention di Aman Villas Nusa Dua – Bali

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-79
Author(s):  
Wayan Arya Paramarta ◽  
Ni Putu Kurnia Darmayanti
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

The aims of this study was to explain the effect of employee engagement and work stress on job satisfaction and turnover intention at Aman Villas Nusa Dua-Bali. The type of data used in this study is qualitative and quantitative data, with data sources namely primary and secondary data. Data collection method is interview, distributing questionnaires to respondents and library research, while the data analysis technique used Smart PLS 3.2.8. The results of this study showed that employee engagement had a positive effect and significant on job satisfaction, work stress had a negative effect but not significant on job satisfaction, employee engagement had a negative effect and significant on turnover intention, work stress had a positive effect and significant on turnover intention, job satisfaction had a negative effect but not significant on turnover intention, employee engagement had a positive effect but not significant on turnover intention trough job satisfaction, work stress had a positive effect but not significant on turnover intention trough job satisfaction at Aman Villas Nusa Dua-Bali.

Building Adaptable Teams for Co-configuration

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rael Glen FUTERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Core Values ◽  
Learning Cycle ◽  
Work Practices ◽  
World Views ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Team Alignment ◽  
Foundational Work ◽  
Functional Teams

In innovative organisations we are seeing an increase in cross-functional teams being built around projects. The diverse perspectives of collaborators draw from personal world-views and organisational roles, which contributes to radical collaboration across traditional boundaries of work. This hands-on workshop aims at testing a rapid team alignment activity in which teams propose core values and align these to the innovation learning cycle, synthesising them into foundational work practices for each phase. These are then reframed as the teams' innovation narrative.

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