Psychologically Stressful Events in the Precipitation of Manic Episodes

1979 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ambelas
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Life Events ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Independent Life ◽  
Common Precipitant ◽  
Manic Patients

SummaryThe case notes of all 67 manic patients admitted to the psychiatric wing of a District General Hospital over a period of two years were screened for evidence of independent life events during a four week period prior to admission. The nature of such events and of the underlying stresses was examined and the data obtained were compared with data from a control group of acute surgical admissions. Four times as many manic patients had an independent life event closely preceding their admission. It is concluded that stress in the form of loss or threat is a common precipitant of mania. Some surprising findings are focused upon and discussed.

Troponin T: role in altering patient management and enabling earlier discharge from a district general hospital

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avril Owen ◽  
Waqas Khan ◽  
Keith D Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Patient Discharge ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
Early Discharge ◽  
Control Group

The use of troponin T to facilitate early patient discharge was investigated in a prospective study in a district general hospital. Troponin T was measured in 91 patients admitted over a period of 6 months with chest pain but without evidence of myocardial infarction. The main outcome measure was length of hospital stay. A negative troponin T was found in 70 patients. Fifty of these were discharged within 24h of the troponin result being available and they had a significantly shorter hospital stay than a case-control group and a historical control group from the previous 6 months. Troponin T measurement has a role in altering patient management by enabling early discharge, resulting in significant cost savings and increasing bed availability.

scholarly journals Life events, difficulties and dilemmas in the onset of chronic fatigue syndrome: a case–control study

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1185-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIMON HATCHER ◽  
ALLAN HOUSE
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Liaison Psychiatry ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome

Background. The role of stress in the onset of chronic fatigue syndrome is unclear. Our objectives in this study were first, to determine the relation between the onset of chronic fatigue syndrome and stressful life events and difficulties. Secondly, we examined the role of a particular type of problem, dilemmas, in the onset of chronic fatigue syndrome.Method. We used a case–control design with 64 consecutive referrals from an Infectious Diseases/Liaison Psychiatry Fatigue clinic and 64 age- and sex-matched controls from a general practice population control group in Leeds. We had two main outcome measures; the odds ratios of the risk of developing chronic fatigue syndrome after experiencing a severe life event, severe difficulties or both in the year and 3 months preceding onset; and the proportion of subjects in each group who experienced a dilemma prior to onset.Results. Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome were more likely to experience severe events and difficulties in the 3 months (OR=9, 95% CI 3·2 to 25·1) and year (OR=4·3, 95% CI 1·8 to 10·2) prior to onset of their illness than population controls. In the 3 months prior to onset 19 of the 64 patients (30%) experienced a dilemma compared to none of the controls.Conclusions. Chronic fatigue syndrome is associated with stressful events and difficulties prior to onset. Those events and difficulties characterized as being dilemmas seem to be particularly important.

Crisis, Life Events and Accidents

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Whitlock ◽  
J. R. Stoll ◽  
R. J. Rekhdahl
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
The Past ◽  
Minor Surgery

Using two life event scales, we found that patients who had sustained accidental injuries had experienced more changes in their lives over the past six months than a matched control group drawn from students and persons undergoing minor surgery. The implications of this finding are discussed.

Depression and ‘Hassles' in Globus Pharyngis

1992 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian J. Deary ◽  
Astrid Smart ◽  
Janet A. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Globus Sensation ◽  
Significant Depression ◽  
Independent Life

A group of 25 patients (16 women, 9 men) attending an ENT department with globus sensation and 25 matched ENT controls were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory and scales for daily stressful events (‘hassles’). Globus patients of both sexes were significantly more depressed than controls and had Beck scores suggestive of significant depression. Thirteen patients, but only two controls, had an independent life event within two months of disease onset, and patients had higher hassles scores than controls.

scholarly journals Stressful Life Events Are Related to More Negative Interpretations, but Not Under Acute Stress

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412110141
Author(s):  
Kathy Bélanger ◽  
Isabelle Blanchette
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Arithmetic Task ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stressful Task ◽  
The Impact

Studies have identified deleterious effects of stress on multiple cognitive processes such as memory and attention. Little is known about the impact of stress on interpretation. We investigated how an induced acute stress and more long-term stress related to life events were associated with interpretations of ambiguous stimuli. Fifty participants answered a questionnaire indexing the number of stressful life events. A median split was used to compare those reporting few or more events. Half of participants performed an arithmetic task that induced acute stress; they were compared to a control group performing a less stressful task. We measured the interpretation of ambiguous visual stimuli, which participants had to judge as “negative” or “positive”. We found a significant interaction between the number of stressful life events and the induced acute stress on the proportion of positive interpretations. In the control group, participants reporting more stressful events produced less positive interpretations than those reporting few events. In the induced stress condition, no significant difference was found. Life events tend to influence interpretation in the absence of an acute stressor, which seems to be more influent in the short term.

scholarly journals Paket Edukasi Kelompok dan Peran Model Menurunkan Tingkat Isolasi Sosial Pasien HIV/AIDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 372-381
Author(s):  
Sarwan Sarwan ◽  
Busjra M. Nur ◽  
Rohman Azzam
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Education

The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of group education packages and the role of the model in reducing the social isolation scores of PLWHA in Tangerang District General Hospital. This type of quantitative research is quasi-experimental, pre-test and post-test with control group design. The results of the dependent t-test obtained a mean score of social isolation before the intervention 57.78 and after the intervention 54.44 (p value 0.00 or p <0.05). The conclusion of the study is the effect of group education packages and the role of the model on the reduction of social isolation scores in PLWHA in Tangerang District General Hospital. Implementation of group education and role models need to be done to PLWHA to prevent social isolation, both routinely and gradually and controlled by health workers as educators.   Keywords: Social Isolation, PLWHA, Group Education Package, Role of the Model  

Anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, and stressful life events in non-cardiac adolescent chest pain: a comparative study about the hidden part of the iceberg

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1098-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayi Eliacik ◽  
Ali Kanik ◽  
Nurullah Bolat ◽  
Hilal Mertek ◽  
Baris Guven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Pain ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Suicidal Ideas

AbstractChest pain in adolescents is rarely associated with cardiac disease. Adolescents with medically unexplained chest pain usually have high levels of anxiety and depression. Psychological stress may trigger non-cardiac chest pain. This study evaluated risk factors that particularly characterise adolescence, such as major stressful events, in a clinical population. The present study was conducted on 100 adolescents with non-cardiac chest pain and 76 control subjects. Stressful life events were assessed by interviewing patients using a 36-item checklist, along with the Children’s Depression Inventory and Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for children, in both groups. Certain stressful life events, suicidal thoughts, depression, and anxiety were more commonly observed in adolescents with non-cardiac chest pain compared with the control group. Moreover, binary logistic regression analysis showed that trouble with bullies, school-related problems, and depression may trigger non-cardiac chest pain in adolescents. Non-cardiac chest pain on the surface may point to the underlying psychosocial health problems such as depression, suicidal ideas, or important life events such as academic difficulties or trouble with bullies. The need for a psychosocial evaluation that includes assessment of negative life events and a better management have been discussed in light of the results.

Stressful Life Events Associated with Adolescent Suicide Attempts

1994 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia M. Adams ◽  
James C. Overholser ◽  
Anthony Spirito
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Relationship

This study was designed to examine the types of stressful events that are related to adolescent suicidal behaviour. Adolescent inpatients who attempted suicide and a control group of high school students were compared on various types of stressors. The stressors were categorized according to their type (for example, discrete events versus chronic strains) and source (for example, family or friends). Compared to high school controls, adolescents who attempted suicide reported elevated levels of major negative events and exit events. Both chronic strains and discrete stressors were related to an increased severity of depression and suicidal ideation. The results support the notion that increased stress is related to adolescent suicidal behaviour. Different approaches to categorizing stress may improve the understanding of the relationship between stressful life events and suicide. Also, sex differences may influence the relationship between life stress and suicidal feelings.

Mental illness, neuroticism and life events in a Dutch village sample: a follow-up

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Giel ◽  
G. H. M. M. Ten Horn ◽  
J. Ormel ◽  
W. J. Schudel ◽  
D. Wiersma
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

SYNOPSISIn a 5-year follow-up of 32 patients identified during a survey of a Dutch village in 1969, approximately two-thirds were found to have recovered. This result was reflected in the scores on a self-reporting questionnaire. A control group showed little change over those years. The persistence of psychiatric problems was related to life experience, as measured by a life-event interview.

Stress conceptions in life event research: Towards a person‐centred perspective

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Vossel
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Time Dimension ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Critical Life Events ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The present article focuses on a discussion of the theoretical foundations of life event research. Since critical life events are usually regarded as stressful events, the main question is which concepts of stress are employed in different life event approaches and what is their rationale. The discussion centres on two topics that have to be treated independently: the question of specificity vs nonspecificity and the question of individualized vs normative weightings. It is shown that different life event approaches rely on different concepts of stress. Numerous objections lead to a rejection of the nonspecificity concept and a normative proceeding. However, even when a specificity view of stress is advocated and individual weights are used, life stress measures do not account for a substantial proportion of the variance in the stress‐related dependent variables. Therefore, a reorientation of life event research is required. It is proposed that future life event research should concentrate on the individual meaning of events and adequately consider the time dimension as well CIS processes of coping.

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