Life Events and Psychosis

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Bebbington ◽  
Soraya Wilkins ◽  
Peter Jones ◽  
Alice Foerster ◽  
Robin Murray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Free State ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Life Event ◽  
The Past ◽  
Healthy Sample ◽  
Event Histories

Data from the Camberwell Collaborative Psychosis Study were used to examine the proposition that there is an excess of life events preceding the onset of psychoses of all types. Of 97 patients from the study who had episodes within the past year that were datable, 51 had developed psychotic symptoms from an essentially symptom-free state, 29 had been suffering only from neurotic symptoms, and 17 had experienced a marked exacerbation of psychotic symptoms. DSM–III diagnoses were collapsed into three major groups: 51 cases of schizophrenia; 31 cases of mania; and 14 cases of depressive psychosis. Life-event histories were taken for the six months before onset, and when these were compared with equivalent histories from a psychiatrically healthy sample from the local general population, there was a significant excess of life events, particularly in the three months before onset of psychosis. This was apparent in all groups, and remained even when events were restricted to the independent category. The excess of events began rather earlier than has been found in previous studies. In our view, this study provides some of the strongest evidence for a link between life events and the emergence of psychotic symptoms.

Life Events and Schizophrenia in Nigerians

1988 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oye Gureje ◽  
A. Adewunmi
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Male Control ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
The Family ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Event Histories

Forty-two first-episode RDC schizophrenic patients were matched on sociodemographic variables with an equal number of control subjects. The life-event histories of both groups for 6 months before onset or interview were compared. Onset of illness was not preceded by an increase in life events. The only significant observation was that control subjects had experienced more events in the month previous to interview. These were reported mainly by male control subjects, involved the family, and were possibly related to the period when the control subjects were interviewed. The observations are discussed within the context of the Nigerian culture.

Life Events and Schizophrenia

1986 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. F. Al Khani ◽  
P. E. Bebbington ◽  
J. P. Watson ◽  
F. House
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Acute Schizophrenia ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Event Histories

Using an Arabic version of the PSE, supplemented by CATEGO, we selected 48 patients with acute schizophrenia from the population of the Najd region of Saudi Arabia. Their life-event histories for the six months before onset or relapse were compared with those of 62 control subjects. A postive association between events and onset was established only for married women, although there was a parallel trend for men and single women suffering their first schizophrenic episode. The observed impact of life events was limited to the three weeks before onset. These findings are discussed in the light of Saudi culture.

For better or worse: Negative life events and sibling relationships

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Voorpostel ◽  
Tanja van der Lippe ◽  
Henk Flap
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Sibling Relationships ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Negative Life Event ◽  
Financial Problems ◽  
Life Event ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Law

Using Dutch data ( N = 6630), this article examines how sibling relationships (including full biological, half- and adopted siblings) differed for persons who experienced a negative life event (divorce, physical illness, psychological problems, addiction, problems with the law, victimization of abuse or financial problems) and those who did not. Results showed that people who experienced serious negative life events in the past often had less active, less supportive and more strained sibling ties. The group that experienced a physical illness formed an exception, showing more supportive and active sibling ties, but also higher levels of conflict. Results suggest inequality between persons who have experienced negative life events and those who have not in terms of access to positive and supportive sibling relationships.

Crisis, Life Events and Accidents

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Whitlock ◽  
J. R. Stoll ◽  
R. J. Rekhdahl
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
The Past ◽  
Minor Surgery

Using two life event scales, we found that patients who had sustained accidental injuries had experienced more changes in their lives over the past six months than a matched control group drawn from students and persons undergoing minor surgery. The implications of this finding are discussed.

The Role of Stress as a Precipitating Factor of Psychiatric Illness

1977 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur P. Schless ◽  
Alicia Teichman ◽  
J. Mendels ◽  
Joseph N. DiGiacomo
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Event Histories ◽  
Precipitating Factor

SummaryFifty-six psychiatric patients were interviewed to obtain a record of life events preceding admission to hospital, using a modified version of the Schedule of Recent Experiences. Two control groups were studied for comparison: medical and surgical in-patients and a ‘normal’ population studied independently by Myers. Psychiatric patients reported a significantly larger number of events than the medical-surgical patients, who, in turn, reported significantly more events than the ‘normal’ population. There were no significant differences in the specific life event histories between groups.

scholarly journals LifeMusic: Reflection Of Life Memories By Data Sonification

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridwan A. Khan ◽  
Ram K. Avvari ◽  
Katherine Wiykovics ◽  
Pooja Ranay ◽  
Myounghoon Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Life Event ◽  
The Past ◽  
Data Sonification ◽  
Present Life ◽  
Looking Back

Memorable life events are important to form the present selfimage. Looking back on these memories provides an opportunity to ruminate meaning of life and envision future. Integrating the life-log concept and auditory graphs, we have implemented a mobile application, “LifeMusic”, which helps people reflect their memories by listening to their life event sonifcation that is synchronous to these memories. Reflecting the life events through LifeMusic can relieve users of the present and have them journey to the past moments and thus, they can keep balance of emotions in the present life. In the current paper, we describe the implementation and workflow of LifeMusic and briefly discuss focus group results, improvements, and future works.

Major stressful life events and risk of developing lung cancer.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1575-1575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Hasan Raza Jafri ◽  
Faisal Ali ◽  
Arash Mollaeian ◽  
Syed Mojiz Hasan ◽  
Rahat Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Event ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Life Event ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

1575 Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality linked with smoking, though only 6-18% of heavy smokers die of lung cancer. We hypothesized that major stressful life events are a risk factor for developing lung cancer. Methods: In our matched case-control study, cases (CA) were lung cancer patients diagnosed within past 12 months. Controls (CO) were patients without a prior history of malignancy. CA and CO were matched for age, gender and smoking status. Smokers had at least 10 packs/years history of smoking. Data was collected using standardized research questionnaire on 11 major stressful life events using Holmes and Rahe stress scale. The primary endpoint was odds of having a major stressful life event. A sample of 360 patients (120 CA and 240 CO), was needed to achieve 80% power to detect an odds ratio (OR) of 2.00 using Chi-Square test with a P = 0.05 significance. The study was IRB approved at each institution. Results: Between May 2015 and December 2016, 324 patients were enrolled (23 were excluded due to prior cancer history or incomplete information). 301 (CA = 102; CO = 199) were included in the final analysis. The two groups were well matched in median age (CA = 64.4 years; CO = 63.9years), gender (CA-Male = 48%; CO-Male = 49.2%) and smoking status (ever smoker, CA = 86%; CO = 85%). There was no difference in lifetime stressful life event between CA and CO (95% vs 93.9% P = 0.68%). However, CA were significantly more likely to have had a major stressful life event within the past 5 years than controls (CA = 77.4% vs CO = 65.8%, P = 0.03, (OR = 1.78). Serious life-threatening illness of an immediate family member (P = 0.04) and retirement (P = 0.07) within the past 5 years were noticeably more common among CA. Holmes-Rahe stress score in the last 5 years was higher in men (86.3 vs 63.3, P = 0.07) and those > 65 years old (82.4 vs 57.2,P = 0.04) as compared with CO and in those with squamous histology than with adenocarcinoma (115.6 vs 63.4, P = 0.005). Conclusions: Patients with lung cancer (CA) were significantly more likely to have had a major stressful life event within the past 5 years than the matched controls (CO), especially in older men with squamous histology. Major stressful life events should be considered a risk factor for developing lung cancer.

Life Events and Hospitalization in Children: A Comparison with a General Population

1981 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad H. Kashani ◽  
Kay K. Hodges ◽  
John F. Simonds ◽  
Ernest Hilderbrand
Keyword(s):  
School District ◽  
General Population ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Common Life ◽  
New School

SummaryThis study compared life events in three groups: hospitalized psychiatric, hospitalized paediatric, and non-patient non-hospitalized children, all aged 7–12 years. The most common life event in each group respectively was moving to a new school district, hospitalization for physical illnesses, and outstanding personal achievement. The hospitalized children had a significantly greater number of life events and mean score of life events than that of the general population. The authors conclude that the study of life events alone is insufficient to infer a causal relationship between life events, onset of illness and hospitalization in children.

Stressful Life Events and Schizophrenia

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross M. G. Norman ◽  
Ashok K. Malla
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Stress Models ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Empirical research concerning the relationship between life event stressors and schizophrenia is critically reviewed. In accordance with the view that patients suffering from schizophrenia are vulnerable to stress, there is evidence of a relationship between stressors and variation in severity of symptoms over time. There is less indication that schizophrenic patients have had higher levels of stressors than the general population or than patients suffering from other psychiatric disorders. These findings are consistent with vulnerability-stress models of the development of schizophrenia.

Life Event Scaling and Psychiatric Impairment

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael I. Frydman
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Life Change ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Chronically Ill Children ◽  
The Relationship

The relationships between psychiatric symptoms and life events scaled for the aetiological relevance of Chance, Self and Others were explored in a sample of 220 parents of chronically ill children. Psychiatrically impaired subjects reported a significant excess of life events in each of the three categories, and not just the Self-caused scale. Similar findings occurred when the aetiological contingency scalings were combined with scalings of Distress and Life Change. Impaired subjects reported an excess of Distress and Life Change attributable to Chance and Others, as well as to Self. The correlation between psychiatric symptoms and self-caused events was weaker than the correlation between a) symptoms and Others-caused events, and b) symptoms and the raw number of events. These findings are interpreted as support for the proposition that the relationship between events and symptoms in the present study is not found because of contamination of the former (independent) variable by the measure of the latter (dependent) variables.

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