Delusion, the overvalued idea and religious beliefs: A comparative analysis of their characteristics

1997 ◽  
Vol 170 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Jones ◽  
J. P. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
General Relationship ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Initial Belief ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Normal Controls

BackgroundThe study sought to investigate the form of the delusion in schizophrenia and the overvalued idea in anorexia, employing a range of belief characteristics to discover whether differences could be detected between them, and how they stood in general relationship to the religious beliefs of normals.MethodA belief rating scale was devised with 12 characteristics, and completed by 20 schizophrenics, 20 anorectics, and 20 normal controls. Comparisons were drawn between populations using the Mann-Whitney test, and different types of belief were contrasted within diagnostic groups using each subject as their own control by repeated-measures MANOVA.ResultsThe schizophrenic delusion was differentiated from the overvalued idea in anorexia by a number of variables, which also served to distinguish both phenomena from religious beliefs held by normals. The schizophrenic delusion exhibited many of the qualities of an initial (or observational) belief, when its content suggested that it should manifest those of a derived belief. The anorectic overvalued idea, although occasionally an initial belief in terms of its content, was typically held in the form of a derived belief.ConclusionsA wider range of characteristics is required to define all the differences between delusion and the overvalued idea, and these have implications for belief modification programmes.

Evaluation of At-home Bleaching Times on Effectiveness and Sensitivity with 10% Hydrogen Peroxide: A Randomized Controlled Double-blind Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Chemin ◽  
M Rezende ◽  
MC Costa ◽  
ADY Salgado ◽  
JL de Geus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Tooth Sensitivity ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
At Home

SUMMARY Objectives: The aim of this randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial was to evaluate different protocols for at-home use of 10% hydrogen peroxide in whitening effectiveness and tooth sensitivity. Methods: Seventy-two patients were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, with the upper central incisors having color A2 or darker according to the Vita Classical scale (VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany) and randomized into two groups: 10% hydrogen peroxide applied once daily for 15 minutes (HP 15) or applied once daily for 30 minutes (HP 30). Bleaching was performed for 14 days in both groups. The color was evaluated before bleaching, during bleaching (1st and 2nd weeks), and 1 month after the bleaching treatment using the Vita Classical, Vita Bleachedguide 3D-MASTER, and Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer (VITA Zahnfabrik). Dental sensitivity was recorded by the patients using the numerical rating scale (0–4) and visual analogue scale (0-10 cm). Color data were evaluated by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) of repeated measures (group vs. treatment time). The Mann-Whitney test was performed to contrast the means (α=0.05). Tooth sensitivity was assessed by Fisher’s exact test (p=1.00) and intensity of tooth sensitivity was evaluated by the Mann-Whitney test (α=0.05) for both scales. Results: A significant whitening effect was observed after 2 weeks of bleaching for all color measurements (p=0.01), with no difference between HP 15 and HP 30 (p>0.05). Also, the absolute risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity were similar (47%; p>0.05). Conclusions: The effectiveness and tooth sensitivity of at-home bleaching carried out with 10% hydrogen peroxide applied for 15 minutes or 30 minutes are similar.

scholarly journals Different materials and techniques for accurate molding for adaptation in angled implants

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisliane Nara Rossi LEANDRO ◽  
Rui Barbosa de BRITO JÚNIOR ◽  
Marcelo Lucchesi TEIXEIRA ◽  
Luiz Martins TURANO ◽  
Luciana Jardini da CUNHA
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Accurate Result ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Materials Testing ◽  
Testing Laboratory ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Master Model

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the marginal misfit between intermediate and micro-unitmetal cylinder, by varying the angle of the implants, using two different types of material and different molding techniques. METHODS: A model was made with three implants (one perpendicular to the horizontal plane and two inclined) using micro-unit intermediates. A rod attached to the master model served as a control condition to evaluate the suitability of the twenty specimens, carried out with the help of an optical stereomicroscope (Pantec, Brazil; Materials Testing Laboratory, São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, São Paulo). RESULTS: Evaluator reliability was assessed using theIntraclass Correlation Coefficient, obtaining 99.6% (excellent). There were significant differences between groups, and the Mann-Whitney test compared groups in pairs for a more accurate result. CONCLUSION: The group which presented the best behavior was open tray and condensation silicone and the worst result, that needed to be cast several times, was closed tray and condensation silicone.

scholarly journals Analisis Komparatif Kinerja Keuangan Perbankan Syariah dan Perbankan Konvensional

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1125
Author(s):  
Farizal Julian Aski ◽  
I Gusti Ngurah Agung Suaryana
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this study is to analyze: 1) Differences in the performance of Islamic banking and conventional banking. 2) How is the performance of Islamic banking and conventional banking. This research was conducted at banking companies registered with Bank Indonesia (BI) for a period of nine years, namely 2008-2016. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique. The number of samples obtained as many as companies with a total of 69 observations. Collecting data using non-participant observation methods. The analysis technique used is the comparative analysis Mann-Whitney test. The results of this study are: 1) Based on all the ratios that become proxies (CAR, NPL, OEOI, ROA, and LDR), there are significant differences in the performance of Islamic banking and conventional banking. 2) It turns out that during 2008-2016 the performance of Islamic banking was no better than conventional banking. Keywords: Syariah Banking; Conventional Banking; Comparative Analysis.

scholarly journals Uji Perbandingan Efektivitas Kerja Anestetikum Lidokain dan Lidokain + Epinefrin Terhadap Rasa Nyeri

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
St. Fadhillah Oemar Mattalitti ◽  
Nurasisa Lestari ◽  
M. Fajrin Wijaya ◽  
Ardian Jayakusuma ◽  
Taufan Lauddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
International Association ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
P Value ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Numeric Rating

Pendahuluan: Kelompok studi nyeri perdossi (2000) telah menerjemahkan definisi nyeri yang dibuat IASP (International Association The Study of Pain) yang berbunyi “nyeri adalah pengalaman sensorik dan emosional yang tidak menyenangkan akibat kerusakan jaringan, baik aktual maupun potensial, atau yang digambarkan dalam bentuk kerusakan tersebut”. Bahan anestesi (anestetikum) digunakan untuk menghilangkan rasa sakit yang timbul akibat prosedur kedokteran gigi yang dilakukan. Bahan anestesi lokal terbagi atas dua golongan yaitu ester dan amida. Tujuan Penelitiam:Untuk mengetahui efektivitas kerja anestetikum lidokain dan lidokain + epinefrin terhadap rasa nyeri pada pasien di RSIGM UMI tahun 2018. Bahan dan Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis metode quasi eksperimental dengan rancangan cross sectional.Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan Accidental Sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 yang terdiri atas 2 kelompok. Sampel penelitian adalah pasien dengan kasus ektraksi sisa akar molar rahang bawah. Pasien datang ke RSIGM untuk melakukan tindakan ekstraksi sisa akar lalu pasien diberi anestesi sebelum dilakukan tindakan lalu dilakukan penilaian terhadap bahan anestestesi dengan lembaran cheklist kemudian setelah dilakukan tindakan ekstraksi pasien diwawancarai dengan menggunakan lembar NRS(Numeric Rating Scale). Hasil : Uji Mann-Whitney test penelitian ini terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada efektivitas kerja anestesikum lidokain dan lidokain + epinefrin  dengan nilai p value = 0,000 yang berarti lebih kecil dari p<0,05. Kesimpulan : Terdapat perbandingan perbedaan efektivitas kerja yang signifikan antara lidokain dan lidokain + epinefrin.

Self-esteem links with anxiety and depression at one community adolescent sample

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S688-S689
Author(s):  
B. Kabashaj ◽  
G. Avdyl ◽  
S. Mustafa ◽  
B. Fanaj ◽  
E. Melonashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Adolescent Sample ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Manifest Anxiety

IntroductionAnxiety and depression is becoming an increasingly important public health issue. The adolescents’ population is among affected seriously.ObjectivesThe objectives of the study was to investigate the level of anxiety, depression and self-esteem among adolescents and explore links between.MethodologyParticipants were 99 adolescents randomly selected in school, aged between 12 to 19 years (M = 14.88; SD = 2.09); in terms of gender composition, there were girls 41.1% and boys 58.9%. The measures used included the Albanian versions of depression self-rating scale for children, the revised children's manifest anxiety scale, and the rosenberg self-esteem scale. All data has been analysed by SPSS 21 and Excel 2007.ResultsResults showed that clinical significant levels reported 10.3% of participants for anxiety and 22.4% for depression. With low self-esteem scored 16.3% of participants. Self-esteem is significantly negatively correlated only with depression (r = -.433, P < .00). Mann-Whitney Test didn’t found significant differences in anxiety based on self-esteem levels. Mann-Whitney Test found significant differences in depression levels based on levels of self-esteem (Mdlowself-esteem = 15; n = 16; Mdnormalself-esteem = 10; n = 81) as adolescents with low self-esteem had significantly higher depression as compared to adolescents with normal self-esteem (z = -2.876, P < .004).ConclusionsFindings suggested that self-esteem and depression links are present but not links self-esteem and anxiety. It is important to investigate these relationships in future research aimed identification/interventions programs.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Διερεύνηση της επίδρασης παραγόντων ειδικών του φύλου στην in vivo δραστικότητα του μεταβολικού ενζύμου CYP1A2

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Βασιλική Τσιώκου
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
General Linear Model ◽  
General Linear ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Mann Whitney Test

Η δραστηριότητα του CYP1A2 μειώνεται από την παρουσία ορμονών του φύλου όπως τη χρήση αντισυλληπτικών δισκίων, τη θεραπεία ορμονικής υποκατάστασης και την εγκυμοσύνη. Σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης ήταν να διερευνηθεί η επίδραση των διακυμάνσεων των ορμονών (κυρίως των οιστρογόνων) που συμβαίνουν κατά τη διάρκεια του φυσιολογικού εμμηνορρυσιακού κύκλου στην in vivo δραστικότητα του CYP1A2 και των ενζύμων CYP2A6, XO και NAT-2. Επιπλέον, μελετήθηκε η κατανομή των δύο πιο συχνών απλών νουκλεοτιδικών πολυμορφισμών του γονιδίου του CYP1A2 (CYP1A2*1C και CYP1A2*1F), προκειμένου να διερευνηθεί η επίδραση του γονοτύπου στην φαινοτυπική έκφραση του CYP1A2.Μέθοδοι: Η μελέτη πραγματοποιήθηκε σε 42 υγιείς, προεμμηνοπαυσιακές γυναίκες (25 μη καπνίστριες, ΜΚ και 17 καπνίστριες, Κ). Έγινε συλλογή δειγμάτων ούρων και αίματος κατά τη διάρκεια της πρώιμης ωοθυλακικής (ΠΩΦ), της όψιμης ωοθυλακικής (ΟΩΦ) και της ωχρινικής φάσεως (ΩΦ). Τα επίπεδα της 17-β οιστραδιόλης, της προγεστερόνης, της FSH και της LH προσδιορίσθηκαν και στις τρεις φάσεις του κύκλου. Η δραστηριότητα των ενζύμων CYP1A2, CYP2A6, XO και NAT-2 προσδιορίσθηκε με τη χρήση των μεταβολικών λόγων της καφεΐνης στα ούρα (AFMU+1U+1X)/17U, 17U/(17U+17X), 1U/(1X+1U), AFMU/(AFMU+1U+1X), αντίστοιχα, στις τρεις φάσεις του κύκλου χρησιμοποιώντας τη μέθοδο RP-HPLC. Ο έλεγχος γονοτύπου για τους πολυμορφισμούς -3860 G>A (αλλήλιο CYP1A2*1C) και -163 C>A (αλλήλιο CYP1A2*1F) έγινε χρησιμοποιώντας τη μεθόδο PCR-RFLP.Αποτελέσματα: η δραστηριότητα του CYP1A2 ήταν μειωμένη στην όψιμη ωοθυλακική σε σύγκριση με την πρώιμη ωοθυλακική και ωχρινική φάση τόσο στις 25 μη καπνίστριες (ΠΩΦ: 3,18 ± 1,00, ΟΩΦ: 2,7 6± 0,77, ΩΦ: 3,06 ± 0,84; p<0,05, RM ANOVA on Ranks) όσο και στις 17 καπνίστριες (ΠΩΦ:5,20 ± 2,11, ΟΩΦ:4,41 ± 1,26, ΩΦ:4,93 ± 1,49; p>0,05, One Way RM ANOVA) χωρίς όμως να αναδεικνύεται στατιστικώς σημαντική διαφορά στις καπνίστριες. Η δραστηριότητα του CYP2A6 βρέθηκε να είναι αυξημένη στην όψιμη ωοθυλακική φάση (0,70 ± 0,13) διαφέροντας στατιστικά με την πρώιμη ωοθυλακική (0,60 ± 0,12; p<0,05) αλλά όχι με την ωχρινική φάση (0,63 ± 0,13; p>0,05, RM ANOVA on Ranks). Στην δραστηριότητα της XO δεν ανιχνεύθηκε στατιστικώς σημαντική διαφορά μεταξύ των τριών φάσεων του κύκλου (ΠΩΦ:0,52 ± 0,06, ΟΩΦ: 0,52 ± 0,05, ΩΦ: 0,51 ± 0,05; p>0,05, One Way RM ANOVA) καθώς επίσης και στη δραστηριότητα της ΝΑΤ-2 στις ταχείες ακετυλιώτριες (ΠΩΦ:0,36 ± 0,05, ΟΩΦ: 0,38 ± 0,06, ΩΦ: 0,36 ± 0,04; p>0,05, One Way RM ANOVA). Η δραστηριότητα της ΝΑΤ-2 στις βραδείες ακετυλιώτριες βρέθηκε να είναι αυξημένη στην όψιμη ωοθυλακική φάση (0,09 ± 0,02) διαφέροντας στατιστικά με την πρώιμη ωοθυλακική (0,07 ± 0,02) και με την ωχρινική φάση (0,07 ± 0,02; p<0,05, One Way RM ANOVA). Στην μελέτη ανιχνεύθηκε μόνο ο πολυμορφισμός CYP1A2*1F. Οι καπνίστριες με γονότυπο A/A είχαν σημαντικά υψηλότερους μέσους μεταβολικούς λόγους καφεΐνης (5,71 ± 1,69) από τις φορείς A/C (4,32 ± 1,63; p<0,05, Mann-Whitney test), ενώ αυτή η διαφορά δεν παρατηρήθηκε στις μη καπνίστριες (A/C: 3,35 ± 1,22, Α/A: 3,09 ± 0,52; p>0,05, Mann-Whitney test). Επίσης, ο γονότυπος αποδείχθηκε οτι δεν επηρεάζει τη δραστηριότητα του CYP1A2 στις τρεις φάσεις του κύκλου (p>0.05, Repeated Measures General Linear Model).Συμπεράσματα: H παρούσα μελέτη αναδεικνύει πως στην όψιμη ωοθυλακική φάση, όπου τα οιστρογόνα βρίσκονται στα υψηλότερα επίπεδα παρατηρήθηκε: 1) μείωση της δραστηριότητας του CYP1A2, 2) αύξηση της δραστηριότητας του CYP2A6 και 3) αύξηση της δραστηριότητας της ΝΑΤ-2 στις βραδείες ακετυλιώτριες. Η δραστηριότητα της XO και της ΝΑΤ-2 στις ταχείες ακετυλιώτριες δε διαφοροποιήθηκε στις διάφορες φάσεις του κύκλου. Οι φυσιολογικές διακυμάνσεις των οιστρογόνων κατά τη διάρκεια των φάσεων των φυσιολογικών εμμηνορρυσιακών κύκλων μπορεί να σχετίζονται με παραλλαγή στη δραστηριότητα του CYP1A2, του CYP2A6 και της ΝΑΤ-2 στις βραδείες ακετυλιώτριες.  

scholarly journals The Effect of Intravenous Deep Sedation on Behaviour of Non Cooperative Children in the Dental Office- An Interventional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mhd Raslan Alzein ◽  
Mohamed Altinawi ◽  
Faten Rostom ◽  
Imad Katbeh ◽  
Alexander Khasan
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Deep Sedation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females

Introduction: Recently, there has been an increasing need for sedation techniques to reduce anxiety in children undergoing painful diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Therefore, multiple tactics (oral sedation, Intravenous (IV) sedation) were devised to help practitioners manage such cases. Aim: To determine the efficiency and effects of propofol on the behaviour of anxious children during dental treatment. Materials and Methods: This interventional study was conducted at Damascus University, Damascus, Syria, from August 2018 to September 2020. Total 23 children aged 3 to 6 years who were physically healthy (American Society of Anesthesiologists I (ASA I) and uncooperative (negative or definitely negative according to Frankel’s behaviour scale) were included to determine the effects of intravenous propofol on their behaviour during treatment. Behaviour during treatment was evaluated using the Ohio State University Behavioural Rating Scale (OSUBRS). Also, the sedation level was evaluated using the University of Michigan Sedation Scale (UMSS). Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the levels of behaviour and degrees of sedation between males and females. The significance level was set at p-value <0.05. Results: Behaviour according to OSUBRS and degree of sedation according to UMSS during treatment were favourable, and treatment was completed for all participants. The Mann-Whitney test showed no statistically significant difference between males and females regarding the level of behaviour (p-value=0.605) or the degree of sedation (p-value=0.376). A strong positive relationship between treatment time and awakening time was found using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient (0.813, p-value<0.01). Conclusion: In the presence of an anaesthesiologist, intravenous propofol deep sedation was considered effective in managing anxious and uncooperative children during dental treatment.

Effectiveness of and Dental Sensitivity to At-home Bleaching With 4% and 10% Hydrogen Peroxide: A Randomized, Triple-blind Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Chemin ◽  
M Rezende ◽  
AD Loguercio ◽  
A Reis ◽  
S Kossatz
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Tooth Sensitivity ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Shade Guide ◽  
At Home

SUMMARY Objectives: To evaluate the risk for and intensity of tooth sensitivity and color change of at-home dental bleaching with 4% and 10% hydrogen peroxide (HP). Methods: For this study, 78 patients were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomized into two groups: HP 4 (White Class 4%, FGM) and HP 10 (White Class 10%, FGM). In both groups, the at-home bleaching was performed for a period of 30 minutes twice a day for two weeks. The color was assessed by Vita Classical, Vita Bleachedguide 3D-MASTER and spectrophotometer Vita Easyshade (Vita Zahnfabrik) at baseline, during bleaching (first and second weeks) and after bleaching (one month). Patients recorded their tooth sensitivity using a numeric rating scale (0-4) and visual analog scale (0-10). Data from color change (DeltaE data) was submitted to two-way analysis of variance. The color change data in Delta SGU from the two shade guide units were compared with the Mann Whitney test. The risk of tooth sensitivity was evaluated by χ2 test and the intensity of tooth sensitivity from both scales was evaluated by a Mann-Whitney test (α=0.05). Results: The absolute risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity was higher in the group that used HP 10 than the one that used HP 4. Data from change in the number of shade guide units and color variation after one month of bleaching for both groups showed significant whitening, with no difference between groups. Conclusions: At-home bleaching is effective with 4% and 10% HP concentrations, but 10% HP increased the absolute risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity during at-home bleaching.

Efektifitas Penggunaan Metode Pembelajaran Simulasi Dengan Latihan Terhadap Keterampilan Pengisian Partograf Pada Mahasiswa Semester II Di Prodi Kebidanan (D-III) Universitas Kadiri Tahun 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Dessy Lutfiasari ◽  
Mahmudah Mahmudah
Keyword(s):  
Current Method ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Training Simulation

The use of the current method of learning very big influence on the growth and development of students' creativity and interest for all subjects to be taught, especially in the use of partograf. From interviews to the 10 students of IV semester Prodi Midwifery (D-III) Kadiri University is known that 4 (40%) of students said it was understood, 4 (40%) of other students say they are confused and 2 (20%) of them said that he was a student not familiar with partograf. This shows the lack of understanding of students in filling partograph. The research objective is to determine the effectiveness of the use of learning methods for skills training simulation with filling partograph the second semester students in Midwifery (D-III) Kadiri University Faculty of Health Sciences in 2015. The research design used is pre experiment with design Static Group Comparison/Posttest Only Control Group Design. The population studied were all students of the second semester in Midwifery (D-III) Faculty of Health Sciences University of Kadiri numbered 50 students and sampling techniques Federer totaled 32 students. This is a research instrument partograph sheet. Results of the study were analyzed using the Mann Whitney test with a significance level of 0.05 were used.The results showed 7 respondents (46.7%) are adept at using partograf with simulation teaching methods and 6 respondents (40.0%) are adept at using partograph with practice learning methods. Data were analyzed by Mann Whitney test obtained ρ = 0.965; α = 0.05 means that H0 is accepted and H1 rejected. This means there is no difference in the effective use of learning methods for skills training simulation with partograph filling. Based on the results of this study are expected to choose the method of learning as a learning method in charging partograph because both methods equally effective.; Keywords: simulation methods, drilling methods, partograph filling

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