scholarly journals Relationship between prescribed psychotropic medications and co-ingested alcohol in intentional self-poisonings

2017 ◽  
Vol 210 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate M. Chitty ◽  
Timothy Dobbins ◽  
Andrew H. Dawson ◽  
Geoffrey K. Isbister ◽  
Nicholas A. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychotropic Medications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Acute Distress ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Sectional Analysis

BackgroundAcute alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for suicide, therefore investigating factors associated with alcohol-related self-harm warrant attention.AimsTo investigate the influence of prescribed psychotropic medications on the odds of co-ingesting alcohol preceding or during intentional efforts to self-poison.MethodA cross-sectional analysis of consecutive hospital presentations following intentional self-poisoning was conducted. A total of 7270 patients (4363 women) aged 18–96 were included.ResultsThe odds of alcohol co-ingestion were increased in those not prescribed any medication (odds ratio (OR) = 1.27, 99% CI 1.10–1.46, P50.001) and in impulsive self-poisonings (OR= 1.39, 99% CI 1.11–1.74, P50.001). Odds were decreased in those prescribed anticonvulsants (OR = 0.69, 99% CI 0.51–0.93), antipsychotics (OR = 0.55, 99% CI 0.45–0.66) and antidepressants (OR = 0.87, 99% CI 0.77–0.99).ConclusionsFindings indicate that being medicated for a psychiatric illness may reduce the likelihood of alcohol consumption during times of acute distress, hence perhaps may reduce the risk of intentional self-poisoning.

Maternal Characteristics and Migraine Pharmacotherapy During Pregnancy: Cross-Sectional Analysis of Data from a Large Cohort Study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1267-1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Nezvalová-Henriksen ◽  
O Spigset ◽  
H Nordeng
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Narcotic Analgesics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Large Cohort Study ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Little is known about factors associated with migraine pharmacotherapy during pregnancy. Of 60 435 pregnant women in a population-based cohort, 3480 (5.8%) reported having migraine during the first 5 months of pregnancy. Of these, 2525 (72.6%) reported using migraine pharmacotherapy, mostly non-narcotic analgesics (54.1%) and triptans (25.4%). After adjustment for sociodemographic factors and comorbidities in logistic regression analysis, high pregestational body mass index [odds ratio (OR) 1.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2, 1.4], sleep < 5 h (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3, 1.9), being on sick-leave (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.2, 1.5) and acute back/shoulder/neck pain (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.6, 0.7) were associated with migraine pharmacotherapy during pregnancy. Many women need drug treatment for migraine during pregnancy, and the choice of pharmacotherapy during this period may be influenced by maternal sociodemographic factors and comorbidities.

scholarly journals SAT-545 Diabetes Mellitus Is the Risk Factor of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events in Primary Aldosteronism

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michio Otsuki ◽  
Aya Saiki ◽  
Daisuke Tamada ◽  
Tetsuhiro Kitamura ◽  
Iichiro Shimomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Renal Disorder ◽  
Cerebrovascular Events ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in primary aldosteronism (PA) patients is higher than essential hypertension patients and general population. Though both DM and PA play an important role in the progression of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular (CCV) diseases, the relationship between DM and these diseases in PA patients have not been evaluated.The aim of this study was to investigate whether DM was involved in the risk of CCV events and the progression of renal disorder in PA patients. This study was conducted as a part of the Japan Primary Aldosteronism Study/ Japan Rare Intractable Adrenal Diseases Study (JPAS/JRAS) study and retrospective cross-sectional analysis. The nationwide PA registry in Japan was established at 29 centers, including 15 university hospitals and 14 city hospitals. Patients, who were diagnosed PA between January 2006 and October 2016 and had available data of CCV events and DM, were enrolled (n=2,524). Logistic and liner-regression analysis for CCV events and renal parameters were performed. DM significantly increased the odds ratio of CCV events (OR 1.59, 95% CI: 1.05-2.41). DM also significantly increased the odds ratio of proteinuria (OR 2.25, 95% CI: 1.59-3.16) and had significant positive correlation with declines in eGFR (β=0.05, p=0.02). In conclusion, DM is an independent risk factor for CCV events and proteinuria in PA patients. We should pay attention to whether DM coexists with PA and treat both DM and PA to prevent the exacerbation of CCV diseases and kidney disease. (Supported by AMED grants No. JP17ek0109112/ JP19ek0109352; National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan (27-1402/ 30-1008)).

scholarly journals Epidemiology of hypertension in selected towns of Wollega zones, Western Ethiopia, 2019: A community-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110245
Author(s):  
Getu Mosisa ◽  
Bikila Regassa ◽  
Bayise Biru
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Hypertension remains an emerging public health problem globally, particularly in developing countries. Age, income level, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, vegetables and fruit consumption, physical activity and chat chewing were some risk factors of hypertension. However, there are limited data on the epidemiology of hypertension in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess Epidemiology of Hypertension among the community of selected towns of Wollega zones. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 June 2019 in selected towns of Wollega zones. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 840 study participants. Data were collected using the WHO STEP wise approach. The data were coded and entered into EpiData 3, and exported to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. Results: The study included a total of 838 respondents with a response rate of 99.7%. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 189 (22.6%) (95% confidence interval = 19.9%–25.2%). Of this, 108 (12.9%) and 81 (9.7%) of female and male were hypertensive, respectively. Age groups of 30–44 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.65 (1.43, 4.89)), 45–59 years (adjusted odds ratio = 3.55 (1.79, 7.04)), above 60 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.97 (1.43, 6.18)), having history of alcohol consumption (adjusted odds ratio = 4.29 (2.4, 7.66)), involving in vigorous physical activity (adjusted odds ratio = 0.096 (0.028, 0.33)), not walking to and from the work (adjusted odds ratio = 13.12 (8.34, 20.67)), being overweight (adjusted odds ratio = 1.98 (1.21, 3.25)), inadequate fruits serving per day (adjusted odds ratio = 2.93 (1.75, 4.88)) were significantly associated with hypertension. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be high in the study area. Older age, alcohol consumption, not engaging in vigorous activity, physical inactivity, being overweight and inadequate intake of fruits were found to be risk factors for hypertension. Therefore, health care providers should provide extensive health education and promotion on recommended lifestyle modification to tackle the burden of hypertension.

scholarly journals Factors Associated With Peripartum Virologic Suppression in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladele Vincent Adeniyi ◽  
Chikwelu Larry Obi ◽  
Daniel Ter Goon ◽  
Benson Iweriebor ◽  
Nonkosi Selanto-Chairman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Virologic Suppression ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Undetectable Viremia ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Mother To Child

Abstract Background This study describes the characteristics of pregnant women on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the rate of peripartum virologic suppression in a large prevention of mother-to-child transmission cohort who delivered in some selected maternity centers in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. In addition, the study examines the factors associated with virologic suppression in the cohort. Methods This multicenter, retrospective cross-sectional analysis included medical data of 1709 women with human immunodeficiency virus between September 2015 and May 2016 in Eastern Cape Province. The main outcome measure was the rate of peripartum virologic suppression, defined as viral load (VL) &lt;1000 copies/mL and undetectable viremia (VL &lt;20 copies/mL). Correlates of peripartum virologic suppression and undetectable viremia were examined by fitting logistic regression model analysis. Results Of 1463 women with available VL results, the overall rate of peripartum suppression was 82%, and undetectable viremia was 56.9%. Being aged 24 years or younger (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.68 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .48–.94]), smoking during pregnancy (AOR, 0.50 [95% CI, .28–.90]), and starting ART in the first trimester were associated with lower odds of viral suppression (&lt;1000 copies/mL). Women who had never defaulted ART had an increased odds of having an undetectable VL (AOR, 3.09 [95% CI, 2.12–4.49]) and virologic suppression (AOR, 3.88 [95% CI, 2.62–5.74]) compared to those who defaulted. Conclusions More than half of the women achieved undetectable VL, and 4 in 5 women achieved viral suppression at delivery in the region. Early antenatal booking, combined with enhanced adherence support for pregnant women on ART, would be crucial toward achieving the goal of elimination of mother-to-child transmission in the region.

scholarly journals Parental, child and socio-contextual factors associated with parenting self-efficacy among parents of children aged 0–7 years old: the CIKEO study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Fang ◽  
Amy van Grieken ◽  
Irene N. Fierloos ◽  
Dafna A. Windhorst ◽  
Harrie Jonkman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Functioning ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background A high parenting self-efficacy (PSE) has been associated with positive parenting and positive child development. However, there is limited and inconsistent information on factors associated with PSE. Objective To investigate factors associated with PSE in parents of children aged 0–7 years old, and to explore whether the associations were different between mothers and fathers. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data from a prospective cohort study: the CIKEO study. A total of 1012 parents (mean age = 33.8, SD = 5.0) completed self-reported measure of PSE and 18 potential factors associated with PSE. Results Multivariable models revealed that lower parenting stress, fewer child behavior problems, better eating behavior, better parental and child general health, a smaller number of children living in the household, higher perceived level of social support and having a migration background were associated with higher levels of PSE (p < 0.05). The association between family functioning and PSE differed between mothers and fathers (p for interaction = 0.003): with beta and 95% confidence interval being: 1.29 (− 2.05, 0.87), and 0.23 (− 0.46, 3.29), respectively. Conclusions A range of parental, child and social-contextual factors in relation to PSE were identified. The patterns of associations for most of the factors were similar among mothers and fathers. However, the association between family functioning and PSE might differ for mothers and fathers. Our findings are relevant for tailoring and implementing successful interventions and effective policy making in child care. Trial registration Netherlands National Trial Register number NL7342. Date of registration: 05-November-2018, retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated With Hypertension in Hemophilia: Cross-Sectional Analysis of a National Discharge Register

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 871-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig D. Seaman ◽  
Mariya Apostolova ◽  
Jonathan Yabes ◽  
Diane M. Comer ◽  
Margaret V. Ragni
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis

scholarly journals Factors associated with parental traditional medicine use for children in Fagita Lekoma Woreda Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212097800
Author(s):  
Damtew Asrat ◽  
Atsede Alle ◽  
Bekalu Kebede ◽  
Bekalu Dessie
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medicine Use ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Over the last 100 years, the development and mass production of chemically synthesized drugs have revolutionized health care in most parts of the world. However, large sections of the population in developing countries still depend on traditional medicines for their primary health care needs. More than 88% of Ethiopian parents use different forms of traditional medicine for their children. Therefore, this study aimed to determine factors associated with parental traditional medicine use for children in Fagita Lekoma Woreda. Method: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 March 2019 in Fagita Lekoma Woreda. Data collection tool was a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to present the data. Odds ratio and binary and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to measure the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Results: Among 858 participants, 71% of parents had used traditional medicine for their children within the last 12 months. Parents who cannot read and write (adjusted odds ratio = 6.42, 95% confidence interval = 2.1–19.7), parents with low monthly income (adjusted odds ratio = 4.38, 95% confidence interval = 1.58–12.1), and those who had accesses to traditional medicine (adjusted odds ratio = 2.21, 95% confidence interval = 1.23–3.98) were more likely to use traditional medicine for their children. Urban residents (adjusted odds ratio = 0.20, 95% confidence interval = 0.11–0.38) and members of community-based health insurance (adjusted odds ratio = 0.421, 95% confidence interval = 0.211–0.84) were less likely to use traditional medicine for their children. Conclusions: Our study revealed that the prevalence of traditional medicine remains high. Educational status, monthly income, residence, accessibility to traditional medicine, and being a member of community-based health insurance were predictors of potential traditional medicine use. Therefore, the integration of traditional medicine with modern medicine should be strengthened. Community education and further study on efficacy and safety of traditional medicines should be also given great attention.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document