Aggregating and Partitioning Populations in Health Care Disparities Research: Differences in Perspective

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 2117-2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Asch ◽  
Katrina Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Health Care Disparities ◽  
Policy Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Environmental Causes

Health and health care are distributed unevenly across individuals and populations, and identifying these disparities is the first step toward remedying them. We reveal how conceptual and statistical challenges make even the identification of disparities difficult. These difficulties arise because the social, biologic, and environmental causes of disparities are intertwined, leading to statistical confounding. These difficulties arise also because the same data can be analyzed to examine care from the perspective of the patient, or from the perspective of organizations such as health systems or jurisdictions, and these alternative perspectives can yield contradictory results. The result is that health care disparities can be challenging to interpret unless the analytic and policy perspective is clear.

A Scoping Review of Behavior Change Interventions to Decrease Health Care Disparities for Patients With Disabilities in a Primary Care Setting: Can Social Marketing Play a Role?

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-63
Author(s):  
Angela Makris ◽  
Mahmooda Khaliq ◽  
Elizabeth Perkins
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Health Care Disparities ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
The Social

Background: One in four Americans have a disability but remain an overlooked minority population at risk for health care disparities. Adults with disabilities can be high users of primary care but often face unmet needs and poor-quality care. Providers lack training, knowledge and have biased practices and behaviors toward people with disabilities (PWD); which ultimately undermines their quality of care. Focus of the Article: The aim is to identify behavior change interventions for decreasing health care disparities for people with disabilities in a healthcare setting, determine whether those interventions used key features of social marketing and identify gaps in research and practice. Research Question: To what extent has the social marketing framework been used to improve health care for PWD by influencing the behavior of health care providers in a primary health care setting? Program Design/Approach: Scoping Review. Importance to the Social Marketing Field: Social marketing has a long and robust history in health education and public health promotion, yet limited work has been done in the disabilities sector. The social marketing framework encompasses the appropriate features to aligned with the core principles of the social model of disability, which espouses that the barriers for PWD lie within society and not within the individual. Incorporating elements of the social model of disability into the social marketing framework could foster a better understanding of the separation of impairment and disability in the healthcare sector and open a new area of research for the field. Results: Four articles were found that target primary care providers. Overall, the studies aimed to increase knowledge, mostly for clinically practices and processes, not clinical behavior change. None were designed to capture if initial knowledge gains led to changes in behavior toward PWD. Recommendations: The lack of published research provides an opportunity to investigate both the applicability and efficacy of social marketing in reducing health care disparities for PWD in a primary care setting. Integrating the social model of disability into the social marketing framework may be an avenue to inform future interventions aimed to increase health equity and inclusiveness through behavior change interventions at a systems level.

Our Capacity to Care

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-150
Author(s):  
Brooke A. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Health Care Disparities ◽  
Meaningful Work ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Implicit Biases ◽  
Abstract Principle ◽  
The Social ◽  
Related Stress

Caring is meaningful work. Unfortunately, the conditions under which health care personnel work can reduce caring to an abstract principle that we name rather than an everyday practice that we do. Several factors curtail our ability to care, including the social construction of caring as feminine and thus less worthwhile; the churn of patients through clinics and hospitals; and associated responsibilities, such as those that have developed with greater use of electronic health records. Work-related stress can activate implicit biases, which unconsciously distance personnel from members of stigmatized groups and contribute to health care disparities. To improve our capacity to care, we must tackle the barriers to caring that exist both within and external to clinics and hospitals.

scholarly journals Review: Increasing Awareness and Education on Health Disparities for Health Care Providers

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawna Nesbitt ◽  
Rigo Estevan Palomarez
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Health Care Disparities ◽  
Active Listening ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Provider Education ◽  
Individualized Care ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range

<p align="left">The focus of this review is to highlight health care disparities and trends in several common diseases in selected populations while offering evidence-based approaches to mitigating health care disparities. Health care disparities cross many barriers and affect multiple populations and diseases. Ethnic minorities, the elderly, and those of lower socioeconomic status (SES) are more at-risk than others. However, many low SES Whites and higher SES racial minorities have poorer health than their racial or SES<br />peers. Also, recent immigrant groups and Hispanics, in particular, maintain high health ratings. The so-called Hispanic Paradox provides an example of how culture and social background can be used to improve health outcomes. These groups have unique determinants of disparity that are based on a wide range of cultural and societal factors. Providing improved access to care and reducing the social determinants of disparity is crucial to improving public health. At the same time, for providers, increasing an understanding of the social determinants promotes better models of<br />individualized care to encourage more equitable care. These approaches include increasing provider education on disparities encountered by different populations, practicing active listening skills, and utilizing<br />a patient’s cultural background to promote healthy behaviors. <em>Ethn Dis.</em> 2016;26(2):181-190; doi:10.18865/ed.26.2.181</p>

scholarly journals The “Pasteurization Process” of Local-Grounded Strategies in the Primary Health Care in two Experiences of the Global South (Brazil and Chile)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliezer Magno Araújo ◽  
Sebastian Medina ◽  
Esteban Figueroa ◽  
Marília de Castro
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Asymmetric Power

This article explores the process of two emerging local-grounded strategies born in the context of Primary Health Care, in rural locations in Brazil and Chile, using a post-colonial framework. Initially rooted in local health needs and socio-cultural characteristics, both experiences undergo a process of modelling and subsequent replication by the governance of health systems, with an asymmetric power / knowledge structure. We used a Collective Case Study as a methodological strategy and used field records, in-depth interviews and a critical literature review. As a result, we saw that the social participation experienced in community-based health systems has the potential to generate high-impact initiatives, considering local realities. At the same time, through the metaphor of "pasteurization", we emphasize that hegemonic governance can remove the "living components" of these types of local strategies, causing them to lose their emancipatory capacities.

Pelaksanaan Jaminan Kesehatan Oleh BPJS Kesehatan Dalam Perspektif Syariah

Liquidity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
Iwan Subandi ◽  
Fathurrahman Djamil
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Social Supports ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Health Support ◽  
The Government

Health is the basic right for everybody, therefore every citizen is entitled to get the health care. In enforcing the regulation for Jaringan Kesehatan Nasional (National Health Supports), it is heavily influenced by the foreign interests. Economically, this program does not reduce the people’s burdens, on the contrary, it will increase them. This means the health supports in which should place the government as the guarantor of the public health, but the people themselves that should pay for the health care. In the realization of the health support the are elements against the Syariah principles. Indonesian Muslim Religious Leaders (MUI) only say that the BPJS Kesehatan (Sosial Support Institution for Health) does not conform with the syariah. The society is asked to register and continue the participation in the program of Social Supports Institution for Health. The best solution is to enforce the mechanism which is in accordance with the syariah principles. The establishment of BPJS based on syariah has to be carried out in cooperation from the elements of Social Supports Institution (BPJS), Indonesian Muslim Religious (MUI), Financial Institution Authorities, National Social Supports Council, Ministry of Health, and Ministry of Finance. Accordingly, the Social Supports Institution for Helath (BPJS Kesehatan) based on syariah principles could be obtained and could became the solution of the polemics in the society.

The Impact of War on Population Health

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Turkan Ahmet
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
The Social ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
The Impact

The past few decades of ongoing war in Iraq has had a dramatic impact on the health of Iraq’s population. Wars are known to have negative effects on the social and physical environments of individuals, as well as limit their access to the available health care services. This paper explores the personal experiences of my family members, who were exposed to war, as well as includes information that has been reviewed form many academic sources. The data aided in providing recommendations and developing strategies, on both local and international levels, to improve the health status of the populations exposed to war.

Telepsychiatry for the Rohingya refugees (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanjir Rashid Soron
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Need

UNSTRUCTURED Though health and shelter are two basic human rights, millions of refugees around the world are deprived of these basic needs. Moreover, the mental health need is one of least priority issues for the refugees. Bangladesh a developing country in the Southeast Asia where the health system is fragile and the sudden influx of thousands of Rohingya put the system in a more critical situation. It is beyond the capacity of the country to provide the minimum mental health care using existing resource. However, the refuges need immediate and extensive mental health care as the trauma, torture and being uprooted from homeland makes them vulnerable for various mental. Telepsychiatry (using technology for mental health service) opened a new window to provide mental health service for them. Mobile phone opened several options to reach to the refugees, screen them with mobile apps, connect them with self-help apps and system, track their symptoms, provide distance intervention and train the frontline health workers about the primary psychological supports. The social networking sites give the opportunity to connect the refugees with experts, create peer support group and provide interventions. Bangladesh can explore and can use the telepsychiatry to provide mental health service to the rohingya people.

Social Investment as a Policy Platform

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Vandenbroucke
Keyword(s):  
Social World ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Education Spending ◽  
Overlapping Consensus ◽  
Member States ◽  
Policy Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Broad Consensus ◽  
The Eu

This contribution argues for a truly reciprocal social investment pact for Europe: member states should be committed to policies that respond to the need for social investment; simultaneously, member states’ efforts in this direction—notably efforts by those in a difficult budgetary context—should be supported in a tangible way. Social investment is a policy perspective that should be based on a broad consensus between people who may entertain certain disagreements regarding the level of their empirical and/or normative understanding of the social world. For that reason, the expression of an ‘overlapping consensus’ is used for delineating social investment advocacy. Data on education spending show that we are far removed from a social investment perspective at the European Union (EU) level. This underscores the fact that social investment advocates need to clearly consider the role the EU has to play in social investment progress.

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