People with cancer are likely to accept the COVID-19 vaccine, but politics tracks with attitudes: An inspire and COSMO survey.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1531-1531
Author(s):  
Don S. Dizon ◽  
Kathleen D. Hoffman ◽  
Danielle Gentile ◽  
Richard Tsai ◽  
John Novack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Large City ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Cancer Support ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Government

1531 Background: Vaccines are a major step towards control of the COVID-19 pandemic. Estimates from multiple surveys of the general public indicate that 40 to 60% plan to be vaccinated, with some data suggesting that uptake differs by political leanings. The views of people with cancer on COVID-19 vaccination have not been reported. We report survey results of people with cancer, evaluating intent and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccinations. Methods: An online survey included self-identified patients with cancer, ≥18 years old, in the Inspire Online Community (www.inspire.com). Invitation was restricted to only members of Inspire’s cancer support groups who agreed to be contacted for research. Quantitative data were summarized with descriptive statistics. Data were analyzed by chi-square, ANOVA, and post hoc Tamhane’ T2 testing. Results: 750 responded with the most common cancers represented being prostate (30%), thyroid (24%) ovarian (20%), bladder (8%) and breast (4%). 44% were between 46 and 65 years old and 48% were over 65. Of these, 38% reported being on active treatment. The majority were white (91%), female (56%) and had a bachelor’s degree or higher (72%). Respondents represented the South (38%), West (28%), Midwest (20%), and Northeast (18%). Nearly half of respondents lived in a suburb near a large city. Almost 40% reported an annual income of > $100,000 and 13% reported income < $50,000/year. The proportion that would “definitely” or “most probably” get the COVID-19 vaccine was 80%, with significantly greater interest in people with prostate (85%), bladder (82%) and ovarian cancer (81%). Those with breast cancer reported the highest levels of being uncertain (23%) and 30% of those with thyroid cancer reported they would “probably” or “definitely” not get vaccinated. Older age, male sex, and college graduates were significantly more likely to get vaccinated. Concerns about side effects were reported by 54%, with younger patients significantly more concerned than those 66 years and older. Of 158 participants who listed other reasons they would not get vaccinated, 23% were concerned that the research and development was rushed and 11% worried about how it might interact with a compromised immune system. Using the 2020 Electoral College map to indicate political leaning at the state level, there was no significant difference in vaccine uptake, although significantly more people from blue states agreed that vaccination was the best defense against COVID-19 compared to those from red states (67 vs 33%, p <.05). Conclusions: People with cancer are much more interested in COVID-19 vaccination compared to the general public. Despite this, a large percentage of people with cancer reported distrust in either the government and/or the healthcare industry. Although vaccine attitudes tracked with political leanings at the state level, intention to get vaccinated did not.

scholarly journals e-Governance Services: A special reference to Jana Seva Kendras of Odisha

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
State Government ◽  
General Public ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Central Administration ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
It Implementation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Smart Governance

<div><p><em>In today’s information technology environment, e-governance has become the essential part for the citizens to interact with the government. </em><em>E-Governance</em><em> is the application of information Technology to process of government functioning to bring about new SMART governance (Simple, Moral, Accountable, Responsive, and Transparent). Odisha state government has taken various innovative steps to promote e-Governance for IT implementation and delivery of services to the citizens online. While on one hand, the state government permitted private parties to establish and operate Jana Seva Kendra across the state, it is found, most of these centres who are managing lack adequate knowledge about the services provided by the district, state or central administration, and its application. The very purpose of opening and offering services for the ultimate benefit of the citizens often getting disrupted for former reasons, and there is no specific accountability or mechanism devised to control and regulates their functioning at district or state level. The general public can be immensely more benefitted with the variety, and trend of e-services provided by the different department and autonomous bodies in Odisha.  </em></p></div>

scholarly journals Markets: State Franchise Laws, Dealer Terminations, and the Auto Crisis

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francine Lafontaine ◽  
Fiona Scott Morton
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
State Level ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
General Motors ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Distribution Costs ◽  
Retail Prices ◽  
The Government

In fall 2008, General Motors and Chrysler were both on the brink of bankruptcy, and Ford was not far behind. As the government stepped in and restructuring began, GM and Chrysler announced their plan to terminate about 2,200 dealerships. In this paper, we first provide an overview of franchising in car distribution, how it came about, and the legal framework within which it functions. States earn about 20 percent of all state sales taxes from auto dealers. As a result, new car dealerships, and especially local or state car dealership associations, have been able to exert influence over local legislatures. This has led to a set of state laws that almost guarantee dealership profitability and survival—albeit at the expense of manufacturer profits. Available evidence and theory suggests that as a result of these laws, distribution costs and retail prices are higher than they otherwise would be; and this is particularly true for Detroit's Big Three car manufacturers—which is likely a factor contributing to their losses in market share vis-à-vis other manufacturers. After discussing the evidence on the effects of the car franchise laws on dealer profit and car prices, we turn to the interaction of the franchise laws and manufacturers' response to the auto crisis. Last, we consider what car distribution might be like if there were no constraints on organization. We conclude that although the state-level franchise laws came about for a reason, the current crisis perhaps provides an opportunity to reconsider the kind of regulatory framework that would best serve consumers, rather than carmakers or car dealers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Nipah epidemic containment and multisectoral involvement in Kerala using an appropriate management framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2813
Author(s):  
Asma A. Rahim ◽  
Sujina C. Muthukutty ◽  
Sabitha R. Jacob ◽  
Rini Ravindran ◽  
Jayakrishnan Thayyil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Personnel ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Nipah Virus ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Outbreak Response ◽  
Management Framework ◽  
The Government

Kozhikode district of North Kerala, India witnessed an outbreak of Nipah virus (NiV) in the month of May 2018. Two adjacent districts were affected leaving 17 patients dead out of the 19 confirmed. United Nations and WHO lauded the expeditious response of the state’s health system in the diagnosis and containment of the outbreak which was unprecedented. The authors being in the contact tracing and surveillance operation district team, had kept a record of timeline of events and actions at the state level, compiled the news clippings and tracked events. In the absence of an end‑of‑epidemic report for reference, these records served as a valuable tool for the present review. We used the Management science for health frame work tool (MSH framework) to evaluate the district and state coordinated actions which helped in curbing the outbreak. Though NiV outbreak in South India (2018) had similar epidemiological features to previous disease outbreaks, it stands out as the one to be detected and contained in a short span of time. As health personnel working in the government medical college of an affected district and directly involved in contact tracing operations and containment measures, exploring and sharing, what worked and how, in the context of multidisciplinary response and recovery attempts of the outbreak in the state may be beneficial to public health personnel and policy makers. This management framework may be replicated in the national and international context, particularly in South East Asian region under threat of emerging viral infections like COVID-19, lacking specific epidemic management frameworks for outbreak response and containment.

Urban poverty in India: Issues and perspectives in development

Social Change ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 8-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amitabh Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Credit Rating ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Amendment ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
The Government

The present paper examines the trends in rural and urban poverty, analyses the interstate variations and explains these in terms of socio-economic factors. It shows that rural poverty declines smoothly with economic development, which unfortunately is not the case with urban poverty. The availability of water supply, toilets and electricity, that are not explicitly incorporated in the official definition of poverty, has also been analysed at the state level as also across size class of urban settlements. It is argued that the small and medium towns have a weak and unstable economic base. As a consequence, most of these are not in a position to generate funds to provide civic services to all sections of population. These towns, particularly those located in less developed states, should, therefore, be the major concern of government policy. Further, overviewing the changing system of governance, it argues that the seventy-fourth Constitutional Amendment, has not succeeded in genuine empowerment of civic bodies. The power now seems to have shifted from the state governments to the financial institutions, international donors and credit rating agencies. Finally, the capacity of the government to generate employment directly through anti-poverty programmes would remain limited. The paper, therefore, recommends that the anti-poverty programmes should primarily be focussed on provision of basic amenities.

Differences in game consumption patterns between North and South China

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wei ◽  
Yiting (Demi) Hao ◽  
Hong Zhu ◽  
Jun (Justin) Li
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Potential Game ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Game Meat ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
North And South

PurposeThe 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has affected many countries around the world. Due to the debate on the source of the outbreak, wildlife meat consumption has gained international attention and become an area that requires further exploration. The purpose of this research is to explore the differences in game consumption motivations and behaviours among populations in northern and southern China.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey on wild meat awareness with (potential) game consumers across the country as target groups was conducted.FindingsResults from this study showed that consumers in the southern region have a preference for wildlife. This preference was determined by factors such as natural environment, history and culture and the level of economic development. However, there was no significant difference in the frequency of game consumption between the north and south since game meat is not a major component of the daily diet.Practical implicationsThe government should consider banning this trade permanently to prevent future disease outbreaks caused by wildlife-to-human transmissions.Originality/valueThe consumption of game meat is regional, but the animals in game trades live across a wider area, and thus, game trades have a global influence on ecological systems and human health. Therefore, this epidemic is also a global concern, which might lead people to display a highly negative attitude towards consuming game meat.

scholarly journals Financial literacy in Ukraine: from micro to macro level

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Dudchyk ◽  
Iryna Matvijchuk ◽  
Mariia Kovinia ◽  
Tetiana Salnykova ◽  
Iryna Tubolets
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Financial Market Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Analysis Of Dynamics ◽  
Statistical Indicators

Low financial literacy of population hinders the financial market development, limits the possibilities of using the savings for investing and creating the additional capital in the country. At the state level it results in inflation, the budget deficit creation, a decrease in country’s gold and foreign exchange reserves, an increase in internal and external government debt. The article analyzes the approaches to understanding the concept of financial literacy, tools for its measuring and comparing at micro and macro levels, dynamics of savings and gold and foreign currency reserves, peculiarities of financial literacy through the analysis of dynamics and structure of revenues and expenditures of the government budget and the population of Ukraine. Factors influencing the financial literacy of the population have been systematized. The findings give an idea of creating the optimal managerial influence based on the estimation of financial literacy of the Ukrainian population with the help of specific statistical indicators to expand the possibilities of such influence and to regulate the economic processes to achieve the financial stability of the state and the population. The study showed low financial literacy at both population and state levels. However, at the micro level, creating the credit relations, as well as income, expenses, and savings is more effective than at the macro level.

scholarly journals Acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination among health care workers in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wiredu Agyekum ◽  
Grace Frempong Afrifa-Anane ◽  
Frank Kyei-Arthur ◽  
Bright Addo
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adverse Side Effects ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Government

The acceptance or otherwise of the COVID-19 vaccine by health care workers can influence the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines among the general population as they are a reliable source of health information. In this study, we sought to determine the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines among health care workers in Ghana. Using a cross-sectional design, we collected data from 234 health care workers through a self-administered online survey from 16 January to 15 February 2021. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyses using binary logistic regression were performed using STATA version 15. The results showed that 39.3% of health care workers had the intention of receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Factors such as sex, category of health care workers, relative being diagnosed with COVID-19, and trust in the accuracy of the measures taken by the government in the fight against COVID-19 proved to be significant predictors of the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine. Concerns about the safety of vaccines and the adverse side effects of the vaccine were identified as the main reasons why health care workers would decline uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine in Ghana. The self-reported low intention of health care workers to accept the COVID-19 vaccine in Ghana requires the urgent call of the Government of Ghana and other stakeholders to critically address health care workers' concerns about the safety and adverse side effects of COVID-19 vaccines, as this would increase vaccine uptake. Interventions must also take into consideration sex and the category of health care workers to achieve the desired results. Keywords: COVID-19, Vaccines, Vaccine acceptance, Health care workers, Ghana

scholarly journals ETHICAL FACTORS IN THE COVERAGE OF STATE OF EMERGENCY IN THE NORTH EAST NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bifatife Olufemi Adeyese, ◽  
Ishola Kamorudeen Lamidi
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The State ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
The Public ◽  
News Stories ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Government

This study examines the extent to which the Nigerian journalists comply with ethical values in the course of their reportage. Two national dailies – The Nation and Daily Trust newspapers were selected for content analysis, using systematic random sampling technique to pick 26 editions per newspaper. A period of six months from 14 December 2014 to 14 June, 2015, covering the 4th phase of the state of emergency was chosen. Tables, figures, and sample percentage counts were employed in making the research data easily understandable. The findings revealed that though the newspapers appeared to be ethically compliant in their reportage, none of the two newspapers was neutral in its reportage of the state of emergency rule. Majority of their stories were considered unpleasant and capable of aggravating the crisis in the troubled states. The hypothesis were tested, one showed that there is a significant difference between the number of news stories and the number of ethical breaches in the selected newspapers; hypothesis two showed a significant difference between ethically breaching and ethically standard reports/content of the selected newspapers; hypothesis three showed a significant difference between the ethical breaching of Daily Trust and those of The Nation –X2 = 0.09; P<0.05, df1. The study therefore, recommends that journalists should always have a healthy regard for the public interest, desist from slavish adulation and join hands with the government in bringing about lasting peace to the troubled states and desist from publishing inflammatory stories.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the public’s knowledge, attitude, and practice on seafood contaminants

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Loo ◽  
BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health ◽  
Helen Heacock ◽  
Reza Afshari
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Domoic Acid ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Nominal Data ◽  
The Public ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Seafood Industry ◽  
The Government ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

  Background: The public perceives seafood generally as a healthy food. Studies have shown that consumption of fish is associated with healthy heart function. However, the benefits of consuming seafood may also come with some risks, which may not be well-known by the public. Seafood can potentially contain contaminants that originate from the natural environment or pollutants from human activity. The contaminants of interest that were focused on in this study include lead, mercury, organophosphates, and domoic acid. Methods: The study utilized a KAP (Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice) survey to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding these contaminants between the general public and those working in the seafood industry. Nominal data was analyzed by the chi-square test while numerical data was analyzed by the t-test. Results: The data obtained did not show a statistically significant difference between the general public and the seafood industry (p-values greater than significance level of 0.05 on all parameters) in their knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding seafood contaminants. Conclusion: There was no difference between the general public and the seafood industry in their knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding seafood contaminants. Although the attitude data was not significant, the effects of some chemical contaminants (organophosphates and domoic acid) were generally incorrectly perceived by both groups unlike biological contaminants. Additional research will be required, but results from this study show that educational intervention by the government or health authorities may be needed.  

scholarly journals Sociodemographic Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy, Fear of Infection, and Protection Self-Efficacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110407
Author(s):  
Pearl A. McElfish ◽  
Don E. Willis ◽  
Sumit K. Shah ◽  
Keneshia Bryant-Moore ◽  
Martha O. Rojo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
General Trust ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Race And Education

Objectives: Arkansas COVID-19 vaccine uptake has been lower than the national average. This study examined associations between sociodemographic factors and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, fear of infection, and protection self-efficacy. Methods: Adults either residing, having employment, or receiving health care in Arkansas (n = 754) participated in an online survey between October 30, 2020 and January 16, 2021. Participants were recruited in both rural and urban areas from 6 Arkansas primary care clinics. Survey questions addressed sociodemographic factors, COVID-19 infection fear, protection self-efficacy, and COVID-19 vaccine attitudes. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess associations between dependent variables and respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19 infection fear, and COVID-19 protection self-efficacy. Results: About 38% of participants reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Age, sex, race, and education were significantly associated with COVID-19 and general vaccine attitudes. Odds of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy decreased as age increased (OR = 0.98; P < .01). Women had higher odds of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy than men (OR = 1.52; P < .05). Respondents with a high school diploma and below and respondents with some college or a technical degree had greater odds of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (OR = 2.58; P < .001; and OR = 1.97; P < .01, respectively) compared to respondents with a 4-year college degree. Black/African American respondents had greater odds of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy compared to White respondents (OR = 3.08; P < .001). No significant difference was observed among rural and urban respondents regarding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy; however, respondents in rural areas were more likely to report low general vaccine trust compared to those in urban areas (OR = 1.87; P < .01). Respondents reporting no fear (OR = 5.51; P < .001) and very little fear (OR = 1.95; P < .05) of COVID-19 had greater odds of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy compared to respondents who feared COVID-19 infection to a great extent. Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and general trust in vaccines differ significantly among age, sex, race, and education. These trust and hesitancy patterns are challenges for achieving population immunity and follow similar patterns of vulnerability to COVID-19. Vaccination programs and interventions must consider these differences in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and general vaccine trust to alleviate COVID-19 disparities. Findings make a significant contribution in evaluating vaccine hesitancy among a large, diverse sample from a rural state.

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