A Cost-Effective Framework for the Optimal Placement of Drones in Smart Cities

2019 ◽  
pp. 139-158
Author(s):  
Fadi Al-Turjman ◽  
Reda Daboul ◽  
Semail Ulgen ◽  
Hadi Zahmatkesh
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optimal Placement

scholarly journals An IoT Architecture for Assessing Road Safety in Smart Cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd-Elhamid M. Taha
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Markov Models ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Dynamic Assessment ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

The Safe System (SS) approach to road safety emphasizes safety-by-design through ensuring safe vehicles, road networks, and road users. With a strong motivation from the World Health Organization (WHO), this approach is increasingly adopted worldwide. Considerations in SS, however, are made for the medium-to-long term. Our interest in this work is to complement the approach with a short-to-medium term dynamic assessment of road safety. Toward this end, we introduce a novel, cost-effective Internet of Things (IoT) architecture that facilitates the realization of a robust and dynamic computational core in assessing the safety of a road network and its elements. In doing so, we introduce a new, meaningful, and scalable metric for assessing road safety. We also showcase the use of machine learning in the design of the metric computation core through a novel application of Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). Finally, the impact of the proposed architecture is demonstrated through an application to safety-based route planning.

scholarly journals An Introduction to 5G Network Slicing Technology

Telecom IT ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
B. Goldstein ◽  
V. Elagin ◽  
K. Kobzev ◽  
A. Grebenshchikova
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Network Slicing ◽  
Radio Access ◽  
5G Network ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
Shared Infrastructure ◽  
Levels Of Service

Communications Service Providers are looking to 5G technology as an enabler for new revenues, with network slicing providing a cost-effective means of supporting multiple services on shared infrastructure. Different radio access technologies, network architectures, and core functions can be brought together under software control to deliver appropriate Quality of Service “slices,” enabling new levels of service innovation, such as high bandwidth for video applications, low latency for automation, and mass connectivity for Smart Cities.

Efficient Cyber Security Framework for Smart Cities

2019 ◽  
pp. 130-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amtul Waheed ◽  
Jana Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Security Framework ◽  
Smart Transportation ◽  
Security Issues

Smart cities are established on some smart components such as smart governances, smart economy, science and technology, smart politics, smart transportation, and smart life. Each and every smart object is interconnected through the internet, challenging the security and privacy of citizen's sensitive information. A secure framework for smart cities is the only solution for better and smart living. This can be achieved through IoT infrastructure and cloud computing. The combination of IoT and Cloud also increases the storage capacity and computational power and make services pervasive, cost-effective, and accessed from anywhere and any device. This chapter will discuss security issues and challenges of smart city along with cyber security framework and architecture of smart cities for smart infrastructures and smart applications. It also presents a general study about security mechanism for smart city applications and security protection methodology using IOT service to stand against cyber-attacks.

RF Coupling Simulation Model Development for Optimal Placement of Antennas Supporting Wireless Communications Systems

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Gray ◽  
Mike DiBenedetto
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Communications Systems ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Wireless Communications Systems ◽  
Antenna Placement

The locomotive cab’s limited rooftop area requires that the transmitting and receiving antennas for communications be placed in close proximity to one another. Currently, no means exist to aid the railroad radio frequency (RF) engineer in placing these antennas so that mutual communications interference is minimized. The goal of this paper is to describe a method that can be used to determine optimal antenna placement in a time- and cost-effective manner. The method described below utilizes various forms of the Friis transmission equation in Monte Carlo simulations.

scholarly journals Internet of Things and Enhanced Living Environments: Measuring and Mapping Air Quality Using Cyber-physical Systems and Mobile Computing Technologies

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonçalo Marques ◽  
Nuno Miranda ◽  
Akash Kumar Bhoi ◽  
Begonya Garcia-Zapirain ◽  
Sofiane Hamrioui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Mobile Computing ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Computing Technologies ◽  
Living Environments

This paper presents a real-time air quality monitoring system based on Internet of Things. Air quality is particularly relevant for enhanced living environments and well-being. The Environmental Protection Agency and the World Health Organization have acknowledged the material impact of air quality on public health and defined standards and policies to regulate and improve air quality. However, there is a significant need for cost-effective methods to monitor and control air quality which provide modularity, scalability, portability, easy installation and configuration features, and mobile computing technologies integration. The proposed method allows the measuring and mapping of air quality levels considering the spatial-temporal information. This system incorporates a cyber-physical system for data collection and mobile computing software for data consulting. Moreover, this method provides a cost-effective and efficient solution for air quality supervision and can be installed in vehicles to monitor air quality while travelling. The results obtained confirm the implementation of the system and present a relevant contribution to enhanced living environments in smart cities. This supervision solution provides real-time identification of unhealthy behaviours and supports the planning of possible interventions to increase air quality.

scholarly journals An Enhanced Inverse Filtering Methodology for Drive-By Frequency Identification of Bridges Using Smartphones in Real-Life Conditions

Smart Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-513
Author(s):  
Nima Shirzad-Ghaleroudkhani ◽  
Mustafa Gül
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Inverse Filtering ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Life Scale ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Speed Effect

This paper develops an enhanced inverse filtering-based methodology for drive-by frequency identification of bridges using smartphones for real-life applications. As the vibration recorded on a vehicle is dominated by vehicle features including suspension system and speed as well as road roughness, inverse filtering aims at suppressing these effects through filtering out vehicle- and road-related features, thus mitigating a few of the significant challenges for the indirect identification of the bridge frequency. In the context of inverse filtering, a novel approach of constructing a database of vehicle vibrations for different speeds is presented to account for the vehicle speed effect on the performance of the method. In addition, an energy-based surface roughness criterion is proposed to consider surface roughness influence on the identification process. The successful performance of the methodology is investigated for different vehicle speeds and surface roughness levels. While most indirect bridge monitoring studies are investigated in numerical and laboratory conditions, this study proves the capability of the proposed methodology for two bridges in a real-life scale. Promising results collected using only a smartphone as the data acquisition device corroborate the fact that the proposed inverse filtering methodology could be employed in a crowdsourced framework for monitoring bridges at a global level in smart cities through a more cost-effective and efficient process.

Smart City Portals for Public Service Delivery

2018 ◽  
pp. 212-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Peters ◽  
Axel Korthaus ◽  
Thomas Kohlborn
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
A Value ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Transformational Government ◽  
The Uk

The future cities of our societies need to integrate their citizens into a value-co-creation process in order to transform to smart cities with an increased quality of life for their citizens. Therefore, administrations need to radically improve the delivery of public services, providing them citizen- and user-centric. In this context, online portals represent a cost effective front-end to deliver services and engage customers and new organizational approaches as back-ends which decouple the service interface from the departmental structures emerged. The research presented in this book chapter makes two main contributions: Firstly, the findings of a usability study comparing the online presences of the Queensland Government, the UK Government and the South Australian Government are reported and discussed. Secondly, the findings are reflected in regard to a broader “Transformational Government” approach and current smart city research and developments. Service bundling and modularization are suggested as innovative solutions to further improve online service delivery.

Fog computing enabled cost-effective distributed summarization of surveillance videos for smart cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoor Nasir ◽  
Khan Muhammad ◽  
Jaime Lloret ◽  
Arun Kumar Sangaiah ◽  
Muhammad Sajjad
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Surveillance Videos

scholarly journals Quantification of Energy Flexibility and Survivability of All-Electric Buildings with Cost-Effective Battery Size: Methodology and Indexes

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2787
Author(s):  
Shabnam Homaei ◽  
Mohamed Hamdy
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Pricing ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Performance Simulation ◽  
Building Performance Simulation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Building Designs ◽  
Survivability Index

All-electric buildings are playing an important role in the electrification plan towards energy-neutral smart cities. Batteries are key components in all-electric buildings that can help the demand-side energy management as a flexibility asset and improve the building survivability in the case of power outages as an active survivability asset. This paper introduces a novel methodology and indexes for determining cost-effective battery sizes. It also explores the possible trade-off between energy flexibility and the survivability of all-electric buildings. The introduced methodology uses IDA-ICE 4.8 as a building performance simulation tool and MATLAB® 2017 as a post-processing calculation tool for quantifying building energy flexibility and survivability indexes. The proposed methodology is applied to a case study of a Norwegian single-family house, where 10 competitive designs, 16 uncertainty scenarios, and 3 dynamic pricing tariffs suggested by the Norwegian regulators are investigated. The methodology provides informative support for different stakeholders to compare various building designs and dynamic pricing tariffs from the flexibility and survivability points of view. Overall, the results indicate that larger cost-effective batteries usually have higher active survivability and lower energy flexibility from cost- effectiveness perspective. For instance, when the time of use tariff is applied, the cost-effective battery size varies between 40 and 65 kWh (daily storage). This is associated with a cost-effective flexibility index of 0.4–0.55%/kWh and an active survivability index of 63–80%.

scholarly journals Cloud-based Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring System (NILM)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S3) ◽  
pp. 125-131
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Load Monitoring

Design and development of a cloud-based non-intrusive load monitoring System (NILM) is presented. It serves for monitoring and disaggregating the aggregated data such as smart metering into appliance-level load information by using cloud computing and machine learning algorithms implemented in cloud. The existing NILM systems are lack of scalability and limited in computing resources (computation and data storage) due to dedicated, closed and proprietary-based characteristics. They are inaccessible to variety of heterogeneity data (electrical and non-electrical data) openly for improving NILM performance. Therefore, this paper proposed a novel cloud-based NILM system to enable collection of these open data for load monitoring and other energy-related services. The collected data such as smart meter or data acquisition unit (DAQ), is pre-processed and uploaded to the cloud platform. A classifier algorithm based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is implemented in Azure ML Studio (AzureML), followed by the classifier testing with different combinations of feature set for the performance comparison. Furthermore, a web service is deployed for web APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) of applications such as smart grid and smart cities. The results shows that the ANN classifier for multiclass classification has improved performance with additional features of harmonics, apart from active and reactive powers used. It also demonstrates the feasibility of proposed cloud-based classifier model for load monitoring. Therefore, the proposed solution offers a convenient and cost-effective way of load monitoring via cloud computing technology for smart grid and smart home applications. Further work includes the use of other ML algorithms for classifier, performance analysis, development of cloud-based universal appliance data and use cases

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